{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:13:48Z","timestamp":1793301228403,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,7,13]],"date-time":"2027-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1815436800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":315,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN267200700019C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN267200700019C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN275201200005C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN275201200005C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T16:08:43Z","timestamp":1783699723000},"page":"125213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Air pollution and autism-like traits: Sensitive periods and joint effects of exposure to sources and constituents of fine particulate matter"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"306","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2062-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lydia","family":"Lichtiger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwina","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane L.","family":"Putnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajeshwari","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5723-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin M.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Mostafijur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George D.","family":"Thurston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9551-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhgar","family":"Ghassabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib1","series-title":"Manual for the ASEBA school-age Forms & Profiles : an Integrated System of multi-informant Assessment","author":"Achenbach","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib2","article-title":"Prenatal air pollution and children's autism traits score: examination of joint associations with maternal intake of vitamin D, methyl donors, and polyunsaturated fatty acids using mixture methods","volume":"8","author":"Bragg","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12121","article-title":"Methodology for establishing a population-based birth cohort focusing on couple fertility and children's development, the Upstate KIDS study","volume":"28","author":"Buck Louis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174417000228","article-title":"The health outcomes of human offspring conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART)","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dev Orig Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-020-00370-1","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder at the crossroad between genes and environment: contributions, convergences, and interactions in ASD developmental pathophysiology","volume":"11","author":"Cheroni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Autism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113307","article-title":"Maternal exposure to air pollution and risk of autism in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"256","author":"Chun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2019.104580","article-title":"Developmental impact of air pollution on brain function","volume":"131","author":"Costa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics3010089","article-title":"Multifactorial origin of neurodevelopmental disorders: approaches to understanding complex etiologies","volume":"3","author":"De Felice","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.104909","article-title":"An ensemble-based model of PM2.5 concentration across the contiguous United States with high spatiotemporal resolution","volume":"130","author":"Di","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"54","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib10","first-page":"1372","article-title":"Assessing NO2 concentration and model uncertainty with high spatiotemporal resolution across the contiguous United States","volume":"2020","author":"Di","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib11","first-page":"2000","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Di","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib12","first-page":"2000","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Di","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116856","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder and air pollution: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"278","author":"Dutheil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107432","article-title":"Portable HEPA filter air cleaner use during pregnancy and children's autistic behaviors at four years of age: the UGAAR randomized controlled trial","volume":"168","author":"Enkhbat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12242827","article-title":"Microglia at the tripartite synapse during postnatal development: implications for autism spectrum disorders and schizophrenia","volume":"12","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12033","article-title":"Sub-threshold autism traits: the role of trait emotional intelligence and cognitive flexibility","volume":"105","author":"G\u00f6k\u00e7en","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00470","article-title":"Synaptopathology involved in autism spectrum disorder","volume":"12","author":"Guang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1408483","article-title":"Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood autistic traits in four European population-based cohort studies: the ESCAPE project","volume":"124","author":"Guxens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.03.064","article-title":"Prenatal and early life exposures to ambient air pollution and development","volume":"174","author":"Ha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2022.114047","article-title":"The mediating role of the gut microbiome in the association between ambient air pollution and autistic traits","volume":"246","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyg Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/abfcf7","article-title":"Association between exposure to ambient particulate matters and risks of autism spectrum disorder in children: a systematic review and exposure-response meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.158830","article-title":"Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy and infancy and risks of autism spectrum disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"855","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP8584","article-title":"Disparities in air pollution exposure in the United States by Race\/Ethnicity and income, 1990-2010","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18566","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c05563","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to source-specific fine particulate matter and autism spectrum disorder","volume":"58","author":"Luglio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos12091086","article-title":"The role of fossil fuel combustion metals in PM2.5 Air pollution health associations","volume":"12","author":"Maciejczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001109","article-title":"Early life exposure to air pollution and autism spectrum disorder: findings from a multisite case-control Study","volume":"31","author":"McGuinn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8061755","article-title":"Making the environmental justice grade: the relative burden of air pollution exposure in the United States","volume":"8","author":"Miranda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib28","article-title":"Dlmtree: bayesian treed distributed lag models","author":"Mork","year":"2026","journal-title":"R package version 1.1.1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.13568","article-title":"Estimating perinatal critical windows of susceptibility to environmental mixtures via structured Bayesian regression tree pairs","volume":"79","author":"Mork","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-022-05465-7","article-title":"The development and validation of a subscale for the school-age child behavior CheckList to screen for autism spectrum disorder","volume":"53","author":"Offermans","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.04.017","article-title":"Delineation of early brain development from fetuses to infants with diffusion MRI and beyond","volume":"185","author":"Ouyang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.12.059","article-title":"Maternal antenatal depression's effects on child developmental delays: gestational age, postnatal depressive symptoms, and breastfeeding as mediators","volume":"324","author":"Putnick","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP9509","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to air pollution and autism spectrum disorder: sensitive windows of exposure and sex differences","volume":"130","author":"Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c05197","article-title":"Associations of autism spectrum disorder with PM(2.5) components: a comparative study using two different exposure models","volume":"57","author":"Rahman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107233","article-title":"A hybrid satellite and land use regression model of source-specific PM(2.5) and PM(2.5) constituents","volume":"163","author":"Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11037","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01791","article-title":"An ensemble learning approach for estimating high spatiotemporal resolution of ground-level ozone in the contiguous U.S","volume":"54","author":"Requia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib37","first-page":"2000","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Requia","year":"2021"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib38","first-page":"511","article-title":"Critical periods of vulnerability for the developing nervous system: evidence from humans and animal models","volume":"108","author":"Rice","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.119","article-title":"Evidence that autistic traits show the same etiology in the general population and at the quantitative extremes (5%, 2.5%, and 1%)","volume":"68","author":"Robinson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/30.3.427","article-title":"Sick individuals and sick populations","volume":"30","author":"Rose","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18062817","article-title":"Association between viral infections and risk of autistic disorder: an overview","volume":"18","author":"Shuid","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.13226","article-title":"Pre-natal brain development as a target for urban air pollution","volume":"125","author":"Sunyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12499","article-title":"Heritability of autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis of twin studies","volume":"57","author":"Tick","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCPP (J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib44","first-page":"567","article-title":"[In Utero Exposure to Maternal Smoking: Impact on the Child from Birth to Adulthood - CNGOF-SFT Expert Report and Guidelines for Smoking Management during Pregnancy]","volume":"48","author":"Torchin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib45","series-title":"National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for PM","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib46","series-title":"Classification and Regression Trees. Flexible Imputation of Missing Data","author":"van Buuren","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib47","article-title":"Simputation: simple imputation","author":"van der Loo","year":"2025","journal-title":"R package"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60555-2","article-title":"Inequality in early childhood: risk and protective factors for early child development","volume":"378","author":"Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-020-00644-4","article-title":"A family of partial-linear single-index models for analyzing complex environmental exposures with continuous, categorical, time-to-event, and longitudinal health outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000686","article-title":"Trade-offs of personal versus more proxy exposure measures in environmental epidemiology","volume":"28","author":"Weisskopf","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-017-0264-y","article-title":"Newborn sex-specific transcriptome signatures and gestational exposure to fine particles: findings from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort","volume":"16","author":"Winckelmans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib52","article-title":"Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children and adolescents in the United States from 2021 to 2022","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Autism Dev. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-022-03819-9","article-title":"Association of perinatal factors with suspected developmental delay in urban children aged 1-36 months - a large-scale cross-sectional study in China","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaf043","article-title":"Cohort profile: upstate KIDS study","volume":"54","author":"Yeung","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.04.019","article-title":"Ambient air pollution exposure and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"276","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31821d0b53","article-title":"Month of conception and risk of autism","volume":"22","author":"Zerbo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126015446?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126015446?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T12:04:07Z","timestamp":1786277047000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935126015446"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0013935126015446"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Air pollution and autism-like traits: Sensitive periods and joint effects of exposure to sources and constituents of fine particulate matter","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125213","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125213"}}