{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T08:49:02Z","timestamp":1792054142637,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000201","name":"U.S. Department of the Interior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000201","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:29:17Z","timestamp":1790836157000},"page":"125817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P1","title":["A multi-state assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pesticides, and antibiotic resistance genes in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of the United States"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"309","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4574-8613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin L.","family":"Pulster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3529-6505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dana W.","family":"Kolpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2543-9610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carrie E.","family":"Givens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0891-2712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Hladik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6376-314X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Landon M.","family":"Keele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1294-7878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon M.","family":"Meppelink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7802-8623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina D.","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6918-2709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3389-8251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brianna M.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6292-2612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie E.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3813-1500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura E.","family":"Hubbard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390701613140","article-title":"Imidacloprid induces neurobehavioral deficits and increases expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the motor cortex and hippocampus in offspring rats following in utero exposure","volume":"71","author":"Abou-Donia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, Part A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib2","series-title":"Qdma's Whitetail Report: an Annual Report on the Status of white-tailed Deer, the Foundation of the Hunting Industry","first-page":"68","author":"Adams","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.120038","article-title":"Fluorinated pesticides are a growing source of PFAS contamination in the environment: an Australian perspective on use, fate and ecotoxicity","volume":"314","author":"Alam","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165939","article-title":"Discussion. Has the human population become a sentinel for the adverse effects of PFAS contamination on wildlife health and endangered species?","volume":"901","author":"Andrews","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3354\/ame01753","article-title":"Minor revision to V4 region SSU rRNA 806R gene primer greatly increases detection of SAR11 bacterioplankton","volume":"75","author":"Apprill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquat. Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib6","series-title":"Toxicological Profile for Glyphosate","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib7","series-title":"US Department of Health and Human Services","article-title":"Toxicological profile for perfluoroalkyls","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3759","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c10001","article-title":"A high efficiency method for the extraction and quantitative analysis of 45 PFAS in whole fish","volume":"59","author":"Balgooyen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00465-22","article-title":"Colonization of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from urban and suburban environments with Cephalosporinase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales","volume":"88","author":"Ballash","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2026.128079","article-title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and pesticides in black bears (Ursus americanus) and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) from Montana's Cabinet-Yaak ecosystem: a baseline assessment of emerging and legacy contaminants","volume":"398","author":"Balmer","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142409","article-title":"Seasonal Shifts in Diet and Gut Microbiota of the American Bison (Bison bison)","volume":"10","author":"Bergmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4534","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40994-9","article-title":"Effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on physiology and reproductive characteristics of captive female and fawn white-tailed deer","volume":"9","author":"Berheim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.1450","article-title":"Synthetic chemicals as agents of global change","volume":"15","author":"Bernhardt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1897\/07-428.1","article-title":"Spatial trends of perfluoroalkyl compounds in ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Canadian Arctic","volume":"27","author":"Butt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1080\/00498250600856306","article-title":"Metabolism and excretion of piperonyl butoxide in the rat","volume":"36","author":"Byard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9428","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c01826","article-title":"Increases in trifluoroacetate concentrations in surface waters over two decades","volume":"56","author":"Cahill","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135885","article-title":"High trans-placental transfer of perfluoroalkyl substances alternatives in the matched maternal-cord blood serum: evidence from a birth cohort study","volume":"705","author":"Cai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib18","series-title":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","article-title":"Assessing neonicotinoid exposure in free-ranging whitetailed deer in Minnesota","author":"Cartensen","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1644","article-title":"The role of teratogens in neural crest development","volume":"112","author":"Cerrizuela","year":"2020","journal-title":"Birth Defects Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaa065","article-title":"The impact of environmental chemicals on the gut microbiome","volume":"176","author":"Chiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-3-199902020-00005","article-title":"An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection from unpasteurized commercial apple juice","volume":"130","author":"Cody","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523-021-00156-7","article-title":"Interactions between reproductive biology and microbiomes in wild animal species","volume":"3","author":"Comizzoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Animal Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.2c00627","article-title":"Maternal offloading of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances to eggs by Lake Michigan salmonids","volume":"9","author":"Conard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620180225","article-title":"Health status and relative exposure of mule deer and white-tailed deer to soil contaminants at the rocky mountain arsenal","volume":"18","author":"Creekmore","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib25","volume":"WI","author":"Deckman","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-017-0961-7","article-title":"Intestinal microbial community dynamics of white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus virginianus<\/em>) in an agroecosystem","volume":"74","author":"Delgado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib27","series-title":"Biology and Management of white-tailed Deer","first-page":"686","article-title":"White-tailed deer behavior","author":"DeYoung","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2015.03.006","article-title":"Assessment of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates and screening of Salmonella spp. in wild ungulates from Portugal","volume":"166","author":"Dias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP13954","article-title":"Forever pesticides: a growing source of PFAS contamination in the environment","volume":"132","author":"Donley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib30","article-title":"Influence of area, Age and sex on Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances detected in roe deer muscle and liver from selected areas of Northern Italy","volume":"14","author":"Draghi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2025.123162","article-title":"Exposure profile of four classes of emerging pesticides in pet dog and cat serum from Wuhan, China","volume":"287","author":"Du","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-16395-6","article-title":"Biomagnification and potential health effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in a terrestrial food web","volume":"15","author":"Ecke","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.3109\/00498258609038981","article-title":"Comparative aspects of herbicide metabolism","volume":"16","author":"Esser","year":"1986","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8294","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-026-37805-w","article-title":"Differential prevalence of PFAS, PCBs and pesticides in liver of hunted game","volume":"33","author":"Esther","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Control Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2012.07.022","article-title":"Temporal and spatial trends of perfluoroalkyl substances in liver of roe deer (capreolus capreolus)","volume":"171","author":"Falk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib36","series-title":"Insecticides - Advances in Integrated Pest Management","article-title":"Reproductive and developmental toxicity of insecticides","author":"Ferdinand","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19959-y","article-title":"Pervasive exposure of wild small mammals to legacy and currently used pesticide mixtures in arable landscapes","volume":"12","author":"Fritsch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib38","series-title":"Bibliovault OAI Repository","article-title":"White-Tailed deer habitat: ecology and management on rangelands","author":"Fulbright","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1021\/es001834k","article-title":"Global distribution of perfluorooctane sulfonate in wildlife","volume":"35","author":"Giesy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/wmon.70001","article-title":"White-tailed deer habitat use and implications for chronic wasting disease transmission","volume":"217","author":"Gilbertson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Wildl. Monogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3623","article-title":"Maternal transfer of perfluoroalkyl substances in hooded seals","volume":"36","author":"Gr\u00f8nnestad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.141347","article-title":"Pesticides in small volume plasma samples: method development and application to smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) from the Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA","volume":"352","author":"Gross","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib43","series-title":"Methods of Analysis\u2014Determination of Pesticides in Filtered Water and Suspended Sediment Using Liquid Chromatography- and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry","first-page":"33","author":"Gross","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.162361","article-title":"Differences in the internal PFAS patterns of herbivores, omnivores and carnivores - lessons learned from target screening and the total oxidizable precursor assay","volume":"875","author":"Guckert","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2025.127189","article-title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) disrupt gut microbiome composition and metabolism in metabolic syndrome: evidence from a host-free in vitro colonic model","volume":"386","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113835","article-title":"Formation of perfluorocarboxylic acids from 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) in landfill leachate: role of microbial communities","volume":"259","author":"Hamid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib47","article-title":"Space, time and captivity: quantifying the factors influencing the fecal microbiome of an alpine ungulate","volume":"95","author":"Haworth","year":"2019","journal-title":"FEMS (Fed. Eur. Microbiol. Soc.) Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib48","first-page":"3","article-title":"Taxonomy, evolutionary history, and distribution","author":"Heffelfinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biology and Management of White-Tailed Deer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1080\/00207233.2015.1073473","article-title":"Hunters and the conservation and management of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)","volume":"72","author":"Hewitt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b06388","article-title":"Environmental risks and challenges associated with neonicotinoid insecticides","volume":"52","author":"Hladik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c07195","article-title":"Wild bee exposure to pesticides in conservation grasslands increases along an agricultural gradient: a tale of two sample types","volume":"57","author":"Hladik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1038\/s44360-026-00087-0","article-title":"Mapping pesticide mixtures to cancer risk at the country scale with spatial exposomics","volume":"1","author":"Honles","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6591","DOI":"10.1021\/es0506556","article-title":"Polyfluoroalkyl compounds in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean","volume":"39","author":"Houde","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1312.070763","article-title":"Escherichia coli O157:H7 in feral swine near spinach fields and cattle, central California coast","volume":"13","author":"Jay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01465.x","article-title":"Isolation of Campylobacter from feral swine (sus scrofa) on the ranch associated with the 2006 Escherichia coli O157:H7 spinach outbreak investigation in California","volume":"59","author":"Jay-Russell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2026.1282","article-title":"How toxic environments influence well-being of cervids, and further perspectives for cervid monitoring in Europe","volume":"29","author":"Korzekwa","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pol. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.873989","article-title":"Wildlife and antibiotic resistance","volume":"12","author":"Laborda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib58","first-page":"1129","article-title":"Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with consumption of locally grown strawberries contaminated by deer","volume":"57","author":"Laidler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Europe PMC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib59","article-title":"Impact of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on fecal microbiota composition in mother-infant dyads","volume":"2022","author":"Lamichhane","year":"2022","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib60","first-page":"65","article-title":"Persistent organic pollutants in the livers of moose harvested in the Southern Northwest Territories, Canada","volume":"53","author":"Larter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2025.144642","article-title":"Exposure of free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at PFAS-impacted sites in Minnesota","volume":"386","author":"LaSharr","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107526","article-title":"An assessment of exposure to several classes of pesticides in pet dogs and cats from New York, United States","volume":"169","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107398","article-title":"Suspect screening and nontargeted analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in representative fluorocarbon surfactants, aqueous film-forming foams, and impacted water in China","volume":"167","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01264-2","article-title":"Tomorrow's biggest microbial threats","volume":"27","author":"May","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06376.x","article-title":"Ecology and management of white-tailed deer in a changing world","volume":"1249","author":"McShea","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib66","series-title":"PFAS in Deer and Turkeys in the Fairfield Area, Maine. Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife and Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Augusta, ME","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14981","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c03114","article-title":"Occurrence and maternal transfer of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in pregnant sharks from Florida coastal waters","volume":"59","author":"Mehdi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib68","first-page":"159","article-title":"Histopathological changes in the gonads of Male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) on exposure to imidacloprid insecticide","volume":"2","author":"Memon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Entomol Zool Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib69","series-title":"USGS Food Resources Lifecycle Integrated Science Team National White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Assessment","article-title":"Tissue contaminant concentrations and environmental characteristics from the 2022","author":"Meppelink","year":"2026"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179668","article-title":"Accumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in tissues of wild boar (Sus scrofa)","volume":"985","author":"Mertens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib71","series-title":"PFAS Levels in Michigan Deer from the Oscoda Area, Losco County","first-page":"44","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib72","volume":"vol 2026","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.174071","article-title":"Perfluoroalkyl substances in the meat of Polish farm animals and game \u2013 occurrence, profiles and dietary intake","volume":"945","author":"Mikolajczyk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib74","series-title":"White-Tailed Deer","first-page":"906","author":"Miller","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26702","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5c07311","article-title":"Imidacloprid in United States Rivers, 2013\u20132022: persistent presence and emerging chronic hazard","volume":"59","author":"Miller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89896-9","article-title":"Alterations in gut microbiota linked to provenance, sex, and chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)","volume":"11","author":"Minich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8665","DOI":"10.1021\/es201353v","article-title":"Biomagnification of perfluorinated compounds in a remote terrestrial food chain: Lichen\u2013Caribou\u2013Wolf","volume":"45","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib78","series-title":"Nda's Deer Report","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c06499","article-title":"Occurrence of major perfluorinated alkylate substances in human blood and target organs","volume":"58","author":"Nielsen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13023","article-title":"Every base matters: assessing small subunit rRNA primers for marine microbiomes with mock communities, time series and global field samples","volume":"18","author":"Parada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120626","article-title":"Residues of pesticides and veterinary drugs in diets of dairy cattle from conventional and organic farms in Austria","volume":"316","author":"Penagos-Tabares","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c04158","article-title":"Outside the safe operating space of the planetary boundary for novel entities","volume":"56","author":"Persson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-03577-5","article-title":"Integrating human mobility and animal movement data reveals complex space-use between humans and white-tailed deer in urban environments","volume":"15","author":"P\u00e9ter","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib84","series-title":"Integrated Development Environment for R. Posit Software","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.1046667","article-title":"Assessing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in sediments and fishes in a large, urbanized estuary and the potential human health implications","volume":"9","author":"Pulster","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib85","series-title":"Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Edible Fish Tissue Using Agilent Captiva EMR-Lipid and LC\/MS\/MS","author":"Pulster","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib87","series-title":"R: a Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.142346","article-title":"Maternal transfer of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in wild birds: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"361","author":"Ricolfi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c07296","article-title":"Isolating the AFFF signature in coastal watersheds using oxidizable PFAS precursors and unexplained organofluorine","volume":"55","author":"Ruyle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00798","article-title":"Reconstructing the composition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances in contemporary aqueous film-forming foams","volume":"8","author":"Ruyle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008230","article-title":"A high-throughput DNA sequence aligner for microbial ecology studies","volume":"4","author":"Schloss","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3219","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02810-10","article-title":"Assessing and improving methods used in operational taxonomic unit-based approaches for 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis","volume":"77","author":"Schloss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6957","DOI":"10.3390\/su17156957","article-title":"The alarming effects of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) on one health and interconnections with food-producing animals in circular and sustainable agri-food systems","volume":"17","author":"Shurson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2015.00029","article-title":"Characterization of enteropathogenic and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in cattle and deer in a shared agroecosystem","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3504281","article-title":"Odocoileus virginianus","author":"Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mamm. Species"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib96","series-title":"Biology and Management of white-tailed Deer","first-page":"686","article-title":"Spatial use of landscapes","author":"Stewart","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.04.100","article-title":"Diet and metabolic state are the main factors determining concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in female polar bears from Svalbard","volume":"229","author":"Tartu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1039\/C9EM00586B","article-title":"A critical review on the potential impacts of neonicotinoid insecticide use: current knowledge of environmental fate, toxicity, and implications for human health","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib100","series-title":"Implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development","first-page":"700","article-title":"Global Chemicals Outlook II: from legacies to innovative solutions","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib99","series-title":"Annual NLCD Collection 1 Science Products","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib101","volume":"vol 2023","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib102","series-title":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","article-title":"National Survey of fishing, hunting, and wildlife-associated recreation","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.02.007","article-title":"Physiological, biochemical and histological alterations induced by administration of imidacloprid in female albino rats","volume":"110","author":"Vohra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32937-7","article-title":"Heterogeneity of a landscape influences size of home range in a North American cervid","volume":"8","author":"Walter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib105","series-title":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) and U.S. Department of Agriculture - Wildlife Services (USDA-WS)","article-title":"PFAS levels in white-tailed deer harvested at the JCI\/Tyco fire technology Center","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.6c00132","article-title":"Assessing pesticide application contributions of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in agricultural streams","volume":"13","author":"Woodward","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9303","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c10098","article-title":"The ins and outs of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Great Lakes: the role of atmospheric deposition","volume":"58","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121146","article-title":"Biotransformation of 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate and microbial community dynamics in water-saturated one-dimensional flow-through columns","volume":"252","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29283-8","article-title":"Assessment of global health risk of antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107951","article-title":"Insight into the binding model of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to proteins and membranes","volume":"175","author":"Zhao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126021481?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126021481?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T08:25:18Z","timestamp":1792052718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935126021481"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":110,"alternative-id":["S0013935126021481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A multi-state assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pesticides, and antibiotic resistance genes in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) of the United States","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125817","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125817"}}