{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:55:14Z","timestamp":1792616114804,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82373689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82373689"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81803332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:59:39Z","timestamp":1791215979000},"page":"125838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Decadal evolution of NO2 pollution and attributable mortality burden in China under clean air actions and population ageing, 2015-2024"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"309","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyue","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenglin","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menglu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib1","article-title":"The spatiotemporal distribution of NO2 in China based on refined 2DCNN-LSTM model retrieval and factor interpretability analysis","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Remote Sens."},{"issue":"10082","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30505-6","article-title":"Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the global burden of diseases study 2015","volume":"389","author":"Cohen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6207","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-16-6207-2016","article-title":"Rapid growth in nitrogen dioxide pollution over Western China, 2005\u20132013","volume":"16","author":"Cui","year":"2016","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5860","DOI":"10.1080\/01431161.2017.1342050","article-title":"VIIRS night-time lights","volume":"38","author":"Elvidge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Rem. Sens."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2009.08.002","article-title":"Regional inequality in health and its determinants: evidence from China","volume":"94","author":"Fang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2005RG000183","article-title":"The shuttle radar topography mission","volume":"45","author":"Farr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev. Geophys."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-024-01540-z","article-title":"Efficacy of China's clean air actions to tackle PM2.5 pollution between 2013 and 2020","volume":"17","author":"Geng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1109\/MPRV.2008.80","article-title":"OpenStreetMap: user-generated street maps","volume":"7","author":"Haklay","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Pervasive Comput."},{"issue":"730","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.3803","article-title":"The ERA5 global reanalysis","volume":"146","author":"Hersbach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2023GH000798","article-title":"Satellite\u2010based long\u2010term spatiotemporal trends in ambient NO2 concentrations and attributable health burdens in China from 2005 to 2020","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"GeoHealth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.145968","article-title":"Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"776","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105998","article-title":"Long-term exposure to NO2 and O3 and all-cause and respiratory mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"144","author":"Huangfu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-4257(02)00096-2","article-title":"Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices","volume":"83","author":"Huete","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rem. Sens. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.115458","article-title":"Inequalities of spatial primary healthcare accessibility in China","volume":"314","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2020.06.003","article-title":"NOx emissions in China: temporal variations, spatial patterns and reduction potentials","volume":"11","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib16","article-title":"Lightgbm: a highly efficient gradient boosting decision tree","volume":"30","author":"Ke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2006.872333","article-title":"The ozone monitoring instrument","volume":"44","author":"Levelt","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.3c00386","article-title":"TROPOMI NO2 shows a fast recovery of China's economy in the first quarter of 2023","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2024.100425","article-title":"Trends and drivers of anthropogenic NOx emissions in China since 2020","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Ecotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1812168116","article-title":"Anthropogenic drivers of 2013\u20132017 trends in summer surface ozone in China","volume":"116","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11423","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-20-11423-2020","article-title":"Increases in surface ozone pollution in China from 2013 to 2019: anthropogenic and meteorological influences","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E470","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30144-0","article-title":"All-cause mortality risk associated with long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 in China: a cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.107967","article-title":"Mortality burden due to ambient nitrogen dioxide pollution in China: application of high-resolution models","volume":"176","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2026.119950","article-title":"Effects of long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide with cardiovascular mortality: evidence from a nationwide cohort study","volume":"313","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109672","article-title":"Quantitative reconstruction of long-term spatiotemporal patterns of high-resolution ground-level NO2 concentrations in mainland China using fusion techniques and a machine learning framework","volume":"202","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2019.117020","article-title":"Climate-driven trends of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions and their impacts on summertime ozone and secondary organic aerosol in China in the 2050s","volume":"218","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8954","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.3c00054","article-title":"Drivers of increasing ozone during the two phases of clean air actions in China 2013\u20132020","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosenv.2022.119310","article-title":"Estimating daily ground-level NO2 concentrations over China based on TROPOMI observations and machine learning approach","volume":"289","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Atmos. Environ."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.46234\/ccdcw2021.158","article-title":"Trends and challenges for population and health during population aging - china, 2015-2050","volume":"3","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"China CDC Weekly"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3413","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-12-3413-2020","article-title":"A global anthropogenic emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants from sector- and fuel-specific sources (1970\u20132017): an application of the community emissions data system (CEDS)","volume":"12","author":"McDuffie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"issue":"10258","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30752-2","article-title":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Murray","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2026.01.009","article-title":"Evidence of policy-driven emission reductions and post-pandemic rebound from high-resolution inventories in China","author":"Shan","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00277-1","article-title":"Long-term exposure to low ambient air pollution concentrations and mortality among 28 million people: results from seven large European cohorts within the ELAPSE project","volume":"6","author":"Stafoggia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Planet. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib38","article-title":"Long term exposure to low level air pollution and mortality in eight European cohorts within the ELAPSE project: pooled analysis","volume":"374","author":"Strak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1038\/s41560-019-0468-1","article-title":"Substantial emission reductions from Chinese power plants after the introduction of ultra-low emissions standards","volume":"4","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Energy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2017.4","article-title":"WorldPop, open data for spatial demography","volume":"4","author":"Tatem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2011.09.027","article-title":"TROPOMI on the ESA Sentinel-5 precursor: a GMES mission for global observations of the atmospheric composition for climate, air quality and ozone layer applications","volume":"120","author":"Veefkind","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rem. Sens. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2025.107823","article-title":"Mortality attributable to ambient PM2.5 pollution in China's aging population","volume":"112","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Impact Assess. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.125439","article-title":"Improved surface NO2 retrieval: double-layer machine learning model construction and spatio-temporal characterization analysis in China (2018\u20132023)","volume":"384","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.116627","article-title":"Excess deaths and loss of life expectancy attributed to long-term NO2 exposure in the Chinese elderly","volume":"281","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1038\/s41561-023-01284-2","article-title":"Sustained emission reductions have restrained the ozone pollution over China","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Geosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-23-1511-2023","article-title":"Ground-level gaseous pollutants (NO2, SO2, and CO) in China: daily seamless mapping and spatiotemporal variations","volume":"23","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7183","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-19-7183-2019","article-title":"Intercomparison in spatial distributions and temporal trends derived from multi-source satellite aerosol products","volume":"19","author":"Wei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib49","series-title":"WHO Global Air Quality Guidelines: Particulate Matter (PM2. 5 and PM10), Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide","author":"World Health","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40908-4","article-title":"The challenge of population aging for mitigating deaths from PM2.5 air pollution in China","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaf596","article-title":"Critical transition of urban ozone formation regime in the North China Plain","volume":"13","author":"Xue","year":"2026","journal-title":"Natl. Sci. Rev."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5349","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.2c08022","article-title":"Health Impacts of long-term NO2 exposure and inequalities among the Chinese population from 2013 to 2020","volume":"57","author":"Xue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.5194\/essd-13-3907-2021","article-title":"The 30 m annual land cover dataset and its dynamics in China from 1990 to 2019","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Earth Syst. Sci. Data"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apr.2025.102640","article-title":"Health impacts and drivers of long-term ozone and nitrogen dioxide exposure in urban China","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Atmos. Pollut. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15319-4","article-title":"Stronger policy required to substantially reduce deaths from PM2.5 pollution in China","volume":"11","author":"Yue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rse.2025.114897","article-title":"Enhancing spatiotemporal coverage of satellite-derived high-resolution NO2 data with a super-resolution model","volume":"328","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rem. Sens. Environ."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14095","DOI":"10.5194\/acp-18-14095-2018","article-title":"Trends in China's anthropogenic emissions since 2010 as the consequence of clean air actions","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Atmos. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126021699?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126021699?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:26:07Z","timestamp":1792614367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935126021699"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0013935126021699"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Decadal evolution of NO2 pollution and attributable mortality burden in China under clean air actions and population ageing, 2015-2024","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125838","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125838"}}