{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T21:36:26Z","timestamp":1793050586359,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:20:48Z","timestamp":1792682448000},"page":"125980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Fates and characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes carried by viruses during a full-scale anaerobic sludge digestion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"310","author":[{"given":"Bi","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baowei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Entai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianan","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ligang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingwang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanqing","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiangang","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1002","article-title":"Alignment-free d2* oligonucleotide frequency dissimilarity measure improves prediction of hosts from metagenomically-derived viral sequences","volume":"45","author":"Ahlgren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-018-0166-y","article-title":"Phage puppet masters of the marine microbial realm","volume":"3","author":"Breitbart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195350","article-title":"Reducing inherent biases introduced during DNA viral metagenome analyses of municipal wastewater","volume":"13","author":"Brinkman","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2021.117876","article-title":"Implications for mitigation of antibiotic resistance: differential response of intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes to sludge fermentation coupled with thermal hydrolysis","volume":"209","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2016.03.006","article-title":"Persistence of naturally occurring antibiotic resistance genes in the bacteria and bacteriophage fractions of wastewater","volume":"95","author":"Calero-C\u00e1ceres","year":"2016","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2019.02.008","article-title":"Bacteriophages as environmental reservoirs of antibiotic resistance","volume":"27","author":"Calero-C\u00e1ceres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btz848","article-title":"GTDB-Tk: a toolkit to classify genomes with the Genome Taxonomy Database","volume":"36","author":"Chaumeil","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13881","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.1c03847","article-title":"Viral community and virus-associated antibiotic resistance genes in soils amended with organic fertilizers","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib9","series-title":"Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria that Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib10","series-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; twenty-sixth Informational Supplement. CLSI Document M100-S26","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1007\/s11270-022-05597-7","article-title":"Distribution, dissemination and fate of antibiotic resistance genes during sewage sludge processing-a review","volume":"233","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01216-5","article-title":"Long-read metagenomic sequencing reveals shifts in associations of antibiotic resistance genes with mobile genetic elements from sewage to activated sludge","volume":"10","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-019-01817-2","article-title":"Phage transduction is involved in the intergeneric spread of antibiotic resistance-associated blaCTX-M, mel, and tetM loci in natural populations of some human and animal bacterial pathogens","volume":"77","author":"Gabashvili","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00840-13","article-title":"Phage \u03d5C2 mediates transduction of Tn6215, encoding erythromycin resistance, between Clostridium difficile strains","volume":"4","author":"Goh","year":"2013","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.153964","article-title":"Uncovering effects of anaerobic digestion process on viral communities in activated sludges using viromic approaches","volume":"496","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad063","article-title":"Resistance to antibacterial antifolates in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: prevalence estimates and genetic basis","volume":"78","author":"Kime","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2019.05.002","article-title":"Recent developments on thermal municipal sludge pretreatment technologies for enhanced anaerobic digestion","volume":"110","author":"Kor-Bicakci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1321","article-title":"PlasFlow: predicting plasmid sequences in metagenomic data using genome signatures","volume":"46","author":"Krawczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03384-y","article-title":"Structure-guided functional studies of plasmid-encoded dihydrofolate reductases reveal a common mechanism of trimethoprim resistance in Gram-negative pathogens","volume":"5","author":"Krucinska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9183","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59463-z","article-title":"The evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis in hospital air, their antibiotic resistance and sensitivity of S. aureus to cefoxitin","volume":"14","author":"Leili","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W293","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab301","article-title":"Interactive Tree of Life (iTOL) v5: an online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation","volume":"49","author":"Letunic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ese.2021.100105","article-title":"Metagenomic and viromic data mining reveals viral threats in biologically treated domestic wastewater","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Ecotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2024.121289","article-title":"Metagenome sequencing reveals shifts in phage-associated antibiotic resistance genes from influent to effluent in wastewater treatment plants","volume":"253","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107595","article-title":"Metagenomic and viromic analysis reveal the anthropogenic impacts on the plasmid and phage borne transferable resistome in soil","volume":"170","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6027","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33771-2","article-title":"Response of soil viral communities to land use changes","volume":"13","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W542","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz438","article-title":"tRNAviz: explore and visualize tRNA sequence features","volume":"47","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.3390\/v12101060","article-title":"Evaluation of potential ARG packaging by two environmental T7-like phage during phage-host interaction","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5299","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-021-11414-8","article-title":"Bacteriophage ecology in biological wastewater treatment systems","volume":"105","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6296","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c00712","article-title":"Temporal dynamics and contribution of phage community to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in a full-scale sludge anaerobic digestion plant","volume":"58","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fuel.2023.127831","article-title":"Effects of adding Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum in the hydrogen production stage of a two-stage anaerobic digestion system on hydrogen-methane production and microbial communities","volume":"342","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02298","article-title":"Revisiting antibiotic resistance spreading in wastewater treatment plants \u2013 bacteriophages as a much neglected potential transmission vehicle","volume":"8","author":"Lood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W54","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw413","article-title":"tRNAscan-SE On-line: integrating search and context for analysis of transfer RNA genes","volume":"44","author":"Lowe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2015.03.006","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of the strain Defluviitoga tunisiensis L3, isolated from a thermophilic, production-scale biogas plant","volume":"203","author":"Maus","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14025-z","article-title":"Characterization of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia phage AXL1 as a member of the genus Pamexvirus encoding resistance to trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole","volume":"12","author":"McCutcheon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-017-1975-3","article-title":"16SPIP: a comprehensive analysis pipeline for rapid pathogen detection in clinical samples based on 16S metagenomic sequencing","volume":"18","author":"Miao","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa131","article-title":"Corrigendum to: IQ-tree 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era","volume":"37","author":"Minh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-020-00863-4","article-title":"Freshwater viral metagenome reveals novel and functional phage-borne antibiotic resistance genes","volume":"8","author":"Moon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146964","article-title":"Monitoring antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater treatment: current strategies and future challenges","volume":"783","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12271","article-title":"Deciphering the virus-to-prokaryote ratio (VPR): insights into virus\u2013host relationships in a variety of ecosystems","volume":"92","author":"Parikka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1136\/ebnurs-2022-103540","article-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators (2022). Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis","volume":"27","author":"Ranjbar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Evid. Based Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.0c00202","article-title":"Determining hosts of antibiotic resistance genes: a review of methodological advances","volume":"7","author":"Rice","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1089\/crispr.2020.0059","article-title":"CRISPRCasTyper: automated identification, annotation, and classification of CRISPR-Cas loci","volume":"3","author":"Russel","year":"2020","journal-title":"CRISPR J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib42","article-title":"Exploration into the origins and mobilization of di-hydrofolate reductase genes and the emergence of clinical resistance to trimethoprim","volume":"6","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Osuna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9733","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00694-10","article-title":"Viral mutation rates","volume":"84","author":"Sanju\u00e1n","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2022.118237","article-title":"A mixed blessing of viruses in wastewater treatment plants","volume":"215","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124595","article-title":"Metagenomic analysis reveals the fate of antibiotic resistance genes in two-stage and one-stage anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge","volume":"406","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2011.75","article-title":"Fast, scalable generation of high\u2010quality protein multiple sequence alignments using Clustal Omega","volume":"7","author":"Sievers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2022.129543","article-title":"The microbiome and its association with antibiotic resistance genes in the hadal biosphere at the Yap Trench","volume":"439","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.105156","article-title":"Responses of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes, and mobile genetic elements in sewage sludge to thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment and various anaerobic digestion conditions","volume":"133","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2021.124970","article-title":"Role of anaerobic sludge digestion in handling antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes \u2013 a review","volume":"330","author":"Syafiuddin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioresour. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1274-x","article-title":"Sonication assisted microbiological diagnosis of implant-related infection caused by Prevotella disiens and Staphylococcus epidermidis in a patient with cranioplasty","volume":"8","author":"Thomaidis","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0541-1","article-title":"MetaWRAP\u2014a flexible pipeline for genome-resolved metagenomic data analysis","volume":"6","author":"Uritskiy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.162772","article-title":"Risk control of antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) during sewage sludge treatment and disposal: a review","volume":"877","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112552","article-title":"Metagenomics of wastewater phageome identifies an extensively cored antibiotic resistome in a swine feedlot water treatment environment","volume":"222","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib54","article-title":"A network-based integrated framework for predicting virus\u2013prokaryote interactions","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"NAR Genom. Bioinform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4736","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.11.4736-4743.1989","article-title":"Analysis of T4 bacteriophage deletion mutants that lack td and frd genes","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.70069","article-title":"Functional metagenomics reveals novel antibiotic resistomes in polar soils","volume":"4","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"iMeta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bej.2016.12.017","article-title":"Bacteria and bacteriophage communities in bulking and non-bulking activated sludge in full-scale municipal wastewater treatment systems","volume":"119","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Eng. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7173","DOI":"10.1021\/es201045e","article-title":"Pathogenic bacteria in sewage treatment plants as revealed by 454 pyrosequencing","volume":"45","author":"Ye","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-020-9309-y","article-title":"Exploring the antibiotic resistome in activated sludge and anaerobic digestion sludge in an urban wastewater treatment plant via metagenomic analysis","volume":"58","author":"Yoo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980_bib60","article-title":"Bacteriophages: underestimated vehicles of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126023121?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0013935126023121?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T21:08:48Z","timestamp":1793048928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0013935126023121"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["S0013935126023121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980","relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9351"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9351","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fates and characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes carried by viruses during a full-scale anaerobic sludge digestion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2026.125980","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"125980"}}