{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:14:56Z","timestamp":1793088896987,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,2]],"date-time":"2020-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T00:37:03Z","timestamp":1598661423000},"page":"106448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Trends of anti-seizure medication use in pediatric patients in six cities in China from 2013 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Lingyan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenwei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibin","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(04)00882-8","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of the new antiepileptic drugs: comparison of two recent guidelines","volume":"3","author":"Beghi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.139729","article-title":"Drug utilization in pediatric neurology outpatient department: a prospective study at a tertiary care teaching hospital","volume":"5","author":"Bhatt","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-012-0070-9","article-title":"Recommendations for the treatment of epilepsy in adult patients in general practice in Belgium: an update","volume":"112","author":"Boon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Belg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-013-9755-2","article-title":"Evaluation of unlicensed and off-label antiepileptic drugs prescribed to children: Brazilian Regulatory Agency versus FDA","volume":"35","author":"Borges","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200427030-00002","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of lamotrigine for bipolar disorder","volume":"27","author":"Bowden","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(96)01007-8","article-title":"Lamotrigine substitution study: Evidence for synergism with sodium valproate?","volume":"26","author":"Brodie","year":"1997","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2017.08.039","article-title":"Psychiatric and behavioral side effects of antiepileptic drugs in adults with epilepsy","volume":"76","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-015-0147-z","article-title":"Trends in antiepileptic drug prescriptions for childhood epilepsy at a Tertiary Children\u2019s Hospital in Korea, 2001\u20132012","volume":"17","author":"Cho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2012.06.008","article-title":"Treatment of paediatric epilepsy in Germany: antiepileptic drug utilisation in children and adolescents with a focus on new antiepileptic drugs","volume":"103","author":"D\u00f6rks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000088","article-title":"Anti-epileptic drug utilisation in paediatrics: a systematic review","volume":"1","author":"Egunsola","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatr. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0055","series-title":"Epilepsies: Diagnosis and Management, CG137.","author":"Excellence National Institute for Health and Care","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12074","article-title":"Updated ILAE evidence review of antiepileptic drug efficacy and effectiveness as initial monotherapy for epileptic seizures and syndromes","volume":"54","author":"Glauser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.2165\/11630700-000000000-00000","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of antiepileptic drug treatment in children with epilepsy","volume":"35","author":"Guerrini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6509-3","article-title":"Prevalence, utilization, and costs of antiepileptic drugs for epilepsy in Germany \u2013 a nationwide population-based study in children and adults","volume":"259","author":"Hamer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02331.x","article-title":"Comparison of antiepileptic drug prescribing in children in three European countries","volume":"51","author":"Hsia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.12981","article-title":"Utilization of antiepileptic medicines in Swedish children and adolescents with different diagnoses","volume":"123","author":"Karlsson Lind","year":"2018","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0085","first-page":"6","article-title":"Oxcarbazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Khalid","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prim. Care Companion CNS Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0090","first-page":"CD006453","article-title":"Oxcarbazepine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for partial onset seizures","author":"Koch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.02.019","article-title":"Utilization of antiepileptic drugs in Hong Kong children","volume":"46","author":"Kwong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0100","first-page":"87","article-title":"Epilepsy: treatment options","volume":"96","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0105","series-title":"The Diagnosis and Management of the Epilepsies in Adults and Children in Primary and Secondary Care National Collaborating Centre for Primary Care","author":"National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1177\/1039856218760733","article-title":"Risks associated with lamotrigine prescription: a review and personal observations","volume":"26","author":"Parker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Australas. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000546","article-title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy: a 2018 update","volume":"40","author":"Patsalos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ther. Drug Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.5694\/mja17.00951","article-title":"The management of epilepsy in children and adults","volume":"208","author":"Perucca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00832.x","article-title":"The efficacy of valproate-lamotrigine comedication in refractory complex partial seizures: evidence for a pharmacodynamic interaction","volume":"40","author":"Pisani","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2165\/11310980-000000000-00000","article-title":"The safety and tolerability of newer antiepileptic drugs in children and adolescents","volume":"24","author":"Sarco","year":"2010","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00255-5","article-title":"Gabapentin in neuropathic pain syndromes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"99","author":"Serpell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-019-00690-8","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for pediatric convulsive status epilepticus","volume":"34","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.07.020706","article-title":"Prevalence of epilepsy in China between 1990 and 2015: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00314-2","article-title":"Valproic acid after five decades of use in epilepsy: time to reconsider the indications of a time-honoured drug","volume":"15","author":"Tomson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-008-0480-z","article-title":"Antiepileptic drug utilization in children from 1997-2005 \u2013 a study from the Netherlands","volume":"64","author":"Van De Vrie-Hoekstra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2020.1707668","article-title":"The role of polytherapy in the management of epilepsy: suggestions for rational antiepileptic drug selection","volume":"20","author":"Verrotti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2018.07.011","article-title":"Antiepileptic drug prescription in Dutch children from 2006\u20132014 using pharmacy-dispensing data","volume":"146","author":"Weijenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0170","series-title":"Epilepsy","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.10.018","article-title":"Treatment of epilepsy in adults: expert opinion in China","volume":"23","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000278","article-title":"Trends of antidementia drugs use in outpatients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease in six major cities of China: 2012-2017","volume":"34","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0185","article-title":"Prescribing trends of glaucoma drugs in six major cities of China from 2013 to 2017","volume":"15","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-5072-3","article-title":"Trends of ambulatory oral anticoagulant prescription in five major cities of China, 2012-2017","volume":"20","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."}],"container-title":["Epilepsy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920121120304988?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920121120304988?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T13:44:36Z","timestamp":1760276676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920121120304988"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0920121120304988"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-1211"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-1211","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Trends of anti-seizure medication use in pediatric patients in six cities in China from 2013 to 2018","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106448","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106448"}}