{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T12:59:15Z","timestamp":1760705955858,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T02:31:07Z","timestamp":1746239467000},"page":"107571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Phenobarbital versus valproate for generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"215","author":[{"given":"Umair Ul","family":"Haq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Majeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nisha","family":"Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anushe","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6098-9511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amna","family":"Tariq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Masood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junaid","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Safa Siddique","family":"Ali ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamzah Naushad","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Wasey","family":"Arshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Aamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul Rehman Shah","family":"Syed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahima","family":"Khatri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rasheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcped.2021.09.011","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of continuous intravenous infusion of sodium valproate and midazolam on management of status epilepticus in children","volume":"28","author":"Abbaskhanian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. de P\u00e9diatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200001000-00012","article-title":"Hematologic toxicity of sodium valproate","volume":"22","author":"Acharya","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2007.04.012","article-title":"Randomized study of intravenous valproate and phenytoin in status epilepticus","volume":"16","author":"Agarwal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib4","series-title":"Antiepileptic Drugs: A Clinician\u2019s Manual","first-page":"165","article-title":"Antiepileptic drugs and hematological disorders","author":"Asadi-Pooya","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2013.0601","article-title":"A common reference-based indirect comparison meta-analysis of intravenous valproate versus intravenous phenobarbitone for convulsive status epilepticus","volume":"15","author":"Brigo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord.: Int. Epilepsy J. Videotape"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib6","first-page":"787","article-title":"Generalized convulsive status epilepticus","volume":"71","author":"Cascino","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(06)81018-4","article-title":"Treatment of convulsive status epilepticus","volume":"81","author":"David","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.09.006","article-title":"Seizure recurrences in generalized convulsive status epilepticus under sedation: what are its predictors and its impact on outcome","volume":"180","author":"Dhoisne","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib9","series-title":"Antiepileptic Drugs","first-page":"837","article-title":"Valproic acid: adverse effects","author":"Genton","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00587.x","article-title":"Valproate-associated coagulopathies are frequent and variable in children","volume":"47","author":"Gerstner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2008.01097.x","article-title":"Treatment of status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures with i.v. valproic acid vs phenytoin","volume":"118","author":"Gilad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4104691","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4104691","article-title":"Aetiological features of elderly patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic epilepsy in Western China","volume":"2018","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib13","first-page":"45","article-title":"Macrocytosis and macrocytic anaemia caused by anticonvulsant drugs","volume":"27","author":"Hawkins","year":"1958","journal-title":"Q. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.09.017","article-title":"Treatment of benzodiazepine-resistant status epilepticus: systematic review and network meta-analyses","volume":"102","author":"Jain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"07","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib15","first-page":"1353","article-title":"Comparison of phenobarbital and sodium valproate for the treatment of status epilepticus in children","volume":"27","author":"Jamali","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prof. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.32.3.376","article-title":"Megaloblastic anemia associated with the ingestion of phenobarbital and primidone. Report of a case in a six-year-old child","volume":"32","author":"Kahn","year":"1963","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200519090-00003","article-title":"Refractory generalised convulsive status epilepticus: a guide to treatment","volume":"19","author":"K\u00e4lvi\u00e4inen","year":"2005","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200519090-00003","article-title":"Refractory generalised convulsive status epilepticus","volume":"19","author":"K\u00e4lvi\u00e4inen","year":"2005","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib19","first-page":"85","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of phenobarbital versus sodium valproate in management of children with status epilepticus","volume":"12","author":"Khajeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Child Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2024.06.019","article-title":"Efficacy of second-line anticonvulsant agents with adult status epilepticus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"82","author":"Kishihara","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14607","article-title":"Epidemiology of status epilepticus in adults: a population-based study on incidence, causes, and outcomes","volume":"60","author":"Leitinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1732967","article-title":"Intravenous sodium valproate in status epilepticus: review and meta-analysis","volume":"131","author":"Liampas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2020.1732967","article-title":"Intravenous sodium valproate in status epilepticus: review and meta-analysis","volume":"131","author":"Liampas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2023.107187","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of phenobarbital versus valproate for generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"195","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2012.01.012","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of intravenous sodium valproate versus phenobarbital in controlling convulsive status epilepticus and acute prolonged convulsive seizures in children: a randomised trial","volume":"16","author":"Malamiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000224880.35053.26","article-title":"Sodium valproate vs phenytoin in status epilepticus: A pilot study","volume":"67","author":"Misra","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.1268","article-title":"Change in mortality of generalized convulsive status epilepticus in high-income countries over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"76","author":"Neligan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2007.00805.x","article-title":"Childhood convulsive status epilepticus: epidemiology, management and outcome","volume":"115","author":"Neville","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2339","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007503","article-title":"Meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness of second-line antiepileptic drugs for status epilepticus","volume":"92","author":"S\u00e1nchez Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":". 1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib30","article-title":"Adverse effects of valproate","volume":"15","author":"Schmidt","year":"1984","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2010.08.005","article-title":"Generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults and children: treatment guidelines and protocols","volume":"29","author":"Shearer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib32","first-page":"368","article-title":"Megloblastic anaemia associated with phenobarbital therapy","volume":"82","author":"Sherwin","year":"1960","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2021.106755","article-title":"Phenobarbital versus valproate for generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults (2): A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial in China (China 2-P vs V)","volume":"177","author":"Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0388-6","article-title":"Phenobarbital versus valproate for generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults: a prospective randomized controlled trial in China","volume":"30","author":"Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0454-2","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy for status epilepticus","volume":"75","author":"Trinka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-014-1701-0","article-title":"Anticonvulsant drugs and hematological disease","volume":"35","author":"Verrotti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/1059-1311(92)90024-U","article-title":"Liver function tests in persons receiving anticonvulsant medications","volume":"1","author":"Wall","year":"1992","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EBP.0000540574.58688.92","article-title":"What antiepileptic drugs cause elevation of liver transaminases?","volume":"17","author":"Wormley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Pract."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2013.12.007","article-title":"The relative effectiveness of five antiepileptic drugs in treatment of benzodiazepine-resistant convulsive status epilepticus: a meta-analysis of published studies","volume":"23","author":"Yasiry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2014.05.015","article-title":"The aetiology of convulsive status epilepticus: a study of 258 cases in Western China","volume":"23","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920121125000725?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920121125000725?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T06:16:35Z","timestamp":1753683395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920121125000725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0920121125000725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-1211"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0920-1211"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Phenobarbital versus valproate for generalized convulsive status epilepticus in adults. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2025.107571","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107571"}}