{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:08:33Z","timestamp":1772669313576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Epilepsy Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T17:02:13Z","timestamp":1768582933000},"page":"107732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Seizure recurrences after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in childhood and adolescence: predictive factors, patterns of recurrence, and long-term outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"221","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3452-6567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Chen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Starnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony L.","family":"Fine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine C.","family":"Nickels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaine C.","family":"Wirrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie J.","family":"Van Gompel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai J.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5306-0862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lily C.","family":"Wong-Kisiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16772","article-title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in children and adults: a multicenter study","volume":"62","author":"Barba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.7.1358","article-title":"Preoperative MRI predicts outcome of temporal lobectomy: an actuarial analysis","volume":"45","author":"Berkovic","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1703784","article-title":"Histopathological Findings in Brain Tissue Obtained during Epilepsy Surgery","volume":"377","author":"Blumcke","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000044055.73747.9F","article-title":"The pathological basis of temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood","volume":"60","author":"Bocti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02721.x","article-title":"Latency to first seizure after temporal lobectomy predicts long-term outcome","volume":"51","author":"Buckingham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1992.tb02319.x","article-title":"Temporal lobectomy in early childhood","volume":"33","author":"Duchowny","year":"1992","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.11.949","article-title":"Outcome following resective surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy: a prospective follow up study of 102 consecutive cases","volume":"54","author":"Elwes","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.5.PEDS12526","article-title":"Seizure outcomes after temporal lobectomy in pediatric patients: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Englot","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Pediatr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.9.1511","article-title":"The prognostic value of postoperative seizures following epilepsy surgery","volume":"41","author":"Garcia","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2016.08.026","article-title":"Acute postoperative seizures as predictors of seizure outcomes after epilepsy surgery","volume":"127","author":"Giridharan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12389","article-title":"Timing of early and late seizure recurrence after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery","volume":"54","author":"Goellner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2014.02.010","article-title":"Acute postoperative seizures and long-term outcome following pediatric epilepsy surgery","volume":"23","author":"Greiner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.17704.x","article-title":"SEEG-guided RF thermocoagulation of epileptic foci: Feasibility, safety, and preliminary results","volume":"45","author":"Gu\u00e9not","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2005.02.004","article-title":"Failed surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy: Predictors of long-term seizure-free course","volume":"64","author":"Janszky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000219810.71010.9b","article-title":"Predictors of outcome after temporal lobectomy for the treatment of intractable epilepsy","volume":"66","author":"Jeha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.8.JNS10180","article-title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy surgery failures: predictors of seizure recurrence, yield of reevaluation, and outcome following reoperation","volume":"113","author":"Jehi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2005.10.007","article-title":"Long-term outcome after temporal lobe surgery--prediction of late worsening of seizure control","volume":"15","author":"Kelemen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000163998.01543.CF","article-title":"Prognosis 30 years after temporal lobectomy","volume":"64","author":"Kelley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.10.003","article-title":"Systematic review and patient-level meta-analysis of radiofrequency ablation for medically refractory epilepsy: Implications for clinical practice and research","volume":"102","author":"Kerezoudis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.18264","article-title":"Seizure outcomes after resection of temporal encephalocele in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Khoudari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.50203.x","article-title":"Five or more acute postoperative seizures predict hospital course and long-term seizure control after hemispherectomy","volume":"45","author":"Koh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13920","article-title":"Rates and predictors of success and failure in repeat epilepsy surgery: a meta-analysis and systematic review","volume":"58","author":"Krucoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02397.x","article-title":"Definition of drug resistant epilepsy: consensus proposal by the ad hoc Task Force of the ILAE Commission on Therapeutic Strategies","volume":"51","author":"Kwan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.2.0177","article-title":"Acute postoperative seizures following anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable partial epilepsy","volume":"89","author":"Malla","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.43.589","article-title":"Postoperative Seizures: Epidemiology, Pathology, and Prophylaxis","volume":"43","author":"Manaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurol. Med. Chir."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000204236.96232.1c","article-title":"Postoperative seizures after extratemporal resections and hemispherectomy in pediatric epilepsy","volume":"66","author":"Mani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh221","article-title":"Temporal lobectomy: long-term seizure outcome, late recurrence and risks for seizure recurrence","volume":"127","author":"McIntosh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20372","article-title":"Early seizures after temporal lobectomy predict subsequent seizure recurrence","volume":"57","author":"McIntosh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.02001.x","article-title":"Seizure outcome after temporal lobectomy: current research practice and findings","volume":"42","author":"McIntosh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17440","article-title":"Extended follow-up after anterior temporal lobectomy demonstrates seizure recurrence 20+ years postsurgery","volume":"64","author":"McIntosh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.12.PEDS12334","article-title":"Surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy in children: relevance of presurgical evaluation and analysis of outcome","volume":"11","author":"Miserocchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Pedia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12152","article-title":"Temporal patterns and mechanisms of epilepsy surgery failure","volume":"54","author":"Najm","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy125","article-title":"Pediatric temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in bonn and review of the literature","volume":"84","author":"Ormond","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2024.110272","article-title":"Detection challenges of temporal encephaloceles in epilepsy: A retrospective analysis","volume":"115","author":"Ortiz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Magn. Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.30501.x","article-title":"Frequency and significance of acute postoperative seizures following epilepsy surgery in children and adolescents","volume":"43","author":"Park","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16893","article-title":"Epilepsy surgery: late seizure recurrence after initial complete seizure freedom","volume":"62","author":"Petrik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2017.11.020","article-title":"Predictors of outcome after surgery in 134 children with drug-resistant TLE","volume":"139","author":"Radhakrishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.3.989","article-title":"The running down phenomenon in temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"119","author":"Salanova","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02014.x","article-title":"Longitudinal follow-up in 145 patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy treated surgically between 1984 and 1995","volume":"40","author":"Salanova","year":"1999","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01997.x","article-title":"Long-term seizure outcome of surgery versus no surgery for drug-resistant partial epilepsy: a review of controlled studies","volume":"50","author":"Schmidt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib41","first-page":"205","article-title":"Outcome following surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal involvement in preadolescent children: emphasis on mesial temporal sclerosis","volume":"106","author":"Smyth","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"9800","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60890-8","article-title":"The long-term outcome of adult epilepsy surgery, patterns of seizure remission, and relapse: a cohort study","volume":"378","author":"de Tisi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2024.09.030","article-title":"Predictors of surgical failure in pediatric lesional temporal lobe epilepsy surgery","volume":"162","author":"Tomschik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb01784.x","article-title":"Postoperative EEG and electrocorticography: relation to clinical outcome in patients with temporal lobe surgery","volume":"35","author":"Tuunainen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.02.005","article-title":"The role of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) in reevaluation of epilepsy surgery failures","volume":"81","author":"Vaugier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200108023450501","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy","volume":"345","author":"Wiebe","year":"2001","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"s2","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.4220282.x","article-title":"Proposal for a new classification of outcome with respect to epileptic seizures following epilepsy surgery","volume":"42","author":"Wieser","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000343","article-title":"Real-time magnetic resonance-guided stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"74","author":"Willie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1993.tb02103.x","article-title":"Temporal lobe epilepsy in early childhood","volume":"34","author":"Wyllie","year":"1993","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16452","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of reoperations in epilepsy surgery","volume":"61","author":"Yardi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"}],"container-title":["Epilepsy Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920121126000021?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0920121126000021?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T23:42:52Z","timestamp":1772667772000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0920121126000021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0920121126000021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732","relation":{},"ISSN":["0920-1211"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0920-1211","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Seizure recurrences after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in childhood and adolescence: predictive factors, patterns of recurrence, and long-term outcomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Epilepsy Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2026.107732","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107732"}}