{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T21:02:40Z","timestamp":1778706160925,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aacejournalendocrinepractice.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrine Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T11:55:08Z","timestamp":1694001308000},"page":"994-998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Approaching Primary Aldosteronism as a Common Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6815-6181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J.","family":"Auchus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac019","article-title":"History of adrenal research: from ancient anatomy to contemporary molecular biology","volume":"44","author":"Miller","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism, a new clinical syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Conn","year":"1955","journal-title":"J\u00a0Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02775.x","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism: renaissance of a syndrome","volume":"66","author":"Young","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03450.x","article-title":"What are the keys to successful adrenal venous sampling (avs) in patients with primary aldosteronism?","volume":"70","author":"Young","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1981.00340130033011","article-title":"A\u00a0screening test to identify aldosterone-producing adenoma by measuring plasma renin activity","volume":"141","author":"Hiramatsu","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2826","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-1472","article-title":"Study heterogeneity and estimation of prevalence of primary aldosteronism: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis","volume":"101","author":"Kayser","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000040261.30455.B6","article-title":"Hyperaldosteronism among black and white subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"40","author":"Calhoun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60834-X","article-title":"Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in resistant hypertension: a retrospective observational study","volume":"371","author":"Douma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-022-00730-2","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism - a multidimensional syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Turcu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjhyper.2005.01.002","article-title":"Validity of plasma aldosterone-to-renin activity ratio in African American and white subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"18","author":"Nishizaka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0065","article-title":"The unrecognized prevalence of primary aldosteronism: a cross-sectional study","volume":"173","author":"Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11086","article-title":"Cellular and genetic causes of idiopathic hyperaldosteronism","volume":"72","author":"Omata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600389","article-title":"Paleolithic nutrition revisited: a twelve-year retrospective on its nature and implications","volume":"51","author":"Eaton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E4591","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1505529112","article-title":"Aldosterone-stimulating somatic gene mutations are common in normal adrenal glands","volume":"112","author":"Nishimoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3628","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa482","article-title":"The concordance between imaging and adrenal vein sampling varies with aldosterone-driver somatic mutation","volume":"105","author":"Wannachalee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000259805.18468.8c","article-title":"Effect of spironolactone on blood pressure in subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"49","author":"Chapman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(03)01032-X","article-title":"Efficacy of low-dose spironolactone in subjects with resistant hypertension","volume":"16","author":"Nishizaka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00257-3","article-title":"Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (PATHWAY-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial","volume":"386","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00054-8","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of eplerenone and losartan in hypertensive black and white patients","volume":"41","author":"Flack","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30367-4","article-title":"Cardiometabolic outcomes and mortality in medically treated primary aldosteronism: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Hundemer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)62105-8","article-title":"Validity of the aldosterone-renin ratio used to screen for primary aldosteronism","volume":"76","author":"Montori","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-011-9157-5","article-title":"Primary aldosteronism and a Texas two-step","volume":"12","author":"Auchus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa952","article-title":"Approach to the patient with primary aldosteronism: utility and limitations of adrenal vein sampling","volume":"106","author":"Turcu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-4061","article-title":"The management of primary aldosteronism: case detection, diagnosis, and treatment: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"Funder","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-4873","article-title":"Testing for primary aldosteronism and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist use among U.S. Veterans\u202f: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"174","author":"Cohen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2387","article-title":"Beneficial metabolic effects of prompt surgical treatment in patients with an adrenal incidentaloma causing biochemical hypercortisolism","volume":"95","author":"Chiodini","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2007.10.001","article-title":"\u201cSubclinical Cushing\u2019s syndrome\u201d is not subclinical: improvement after adrenalectomy in 9 patients","volume":"142","author":"Mitchell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70211-0","article-title":"Cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with adrenal incidentalomas that are either non-secreting or associated with intermediate phenotype or subclinical Cushing\u2019s syndrome: a 15-year retrospective study","volume":"2","author":"Di Dalmazi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.7326\/M21-1737","article-title":"Cardiometabolic disease burden and steroid excretion in benign adrenal tumors : a cross-sectional multicenter study","volume":"175","author":"Prete","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.93136","article-title":"Steroid metabolome analysis reveals prevalent glucocorticoid excess in primary aldosteronism","volume":"2","author":"Arlt","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04453","article-title":"Measurement of peripheral plasma 18-oxocortisol can discriminate unilateral adenoma from bilateral diseases in patients with primary aldosteronism","volume":"65","author":"Satoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1537","article-title":"Evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of 11C-metomidate positron emission tomography (PET)-CT for lateralizing aldosterone secretion by conn\u2019s adenomas","volume":"97","author":"Burton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad421","article-title":"The value of targeting CXCR4 with 68Ga-pentixafor PET\/CT for subtyping primary aldosteronism","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2016.03.042","article-title":"Clinical outcomes following percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma: comparison with adrenalectomy","volume":"27","author":"Sarwar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13442","article-title":"Discordance between imaging and immunohistochemistry in unilateral primary aldosteronism","volume":"87","author":"Nanba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213169","article-title":"Phase 2 trial of baxdrostat for treatment-resistant hypertension","volume":"388","author":"Freeman","year":"2023","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1530891X23005402?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1530891X23005402?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T22:15:16Z","timestamp":1761516916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1530891X23005402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1530891X23005402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-891X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-891X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Approaching Primary Aldosteronism as a Common Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Endocrine Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.08.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}