{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:14:59Z","timestamp":1792800899719,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aacejournalendocrinepractice.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrine Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T03:30:42Z","timestamp":1718422242000},"page":"114-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Thyroid Nodules: Past, Present, and Future"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8509-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alan A.","family":"Parsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Gharib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib1","series-title":"Endemic goitre","author":"Clements","year":"1960"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s12262-015-1317-5","article-title":"A\u00a0review on the history of \u2018thyroid surgery.\u2019","volume":"78","author":"Sarkar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib3","unstructured":"Desault PJ. Giraud. J Chir (Paris). 1792;3:3."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-193008000-00002","article-title":"Biopsy by needle puncture and aspiration","volume":"92","author":"Martin","year":"1930","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0954-6820.1952.tb15690.x","article-title":"Puncture of goiters for aspiration biopsy","volume":"144","author":"S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m","year":"1952","journal-title":"Acta Med Scand"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198508153130707","article-title":"Nodular thyroid disease. Evaluation and management","volume":"313","author":"Rojeski","year":"1985","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-69-3-537","article-title":"The significance of nontoxic thyroid nodules. Final report of a 15-year study of the incidence of thyroid malignancy","volume":"69","author":"Vander","year":"1968","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.10.3.227","article-title":"Something old and something new: a brief history of thyroid ultrasound technology","volume":"10","author":"Levine","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2018171170","article-title":"Thyroid nodules in pediatric patients: sonographic characteristics and likelihood of cancer","volume":"288","author":"Richman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1029926","article-title":"Mapping global epidemiology of thyroid nodules among general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Mu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2009.02162.x","article-title":"Very high prevalence of thyroid nodules detected by high frequency (13 MHz) ultrasound examination","volume":"39","author":"Guth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.09.019","article-title":"Epidemiology of thyroid nodules","volume":"22","author":"Dean","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib13","first-page":"198","article-title":"Fine-needle aspiration biopsy in the management of thyroid nodules","volume":"134","author":"Miller","year":"1981","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/95.8.625","article-title":"BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"95","author":"Cohen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2013.0045","article-title":"The increasing incidence of thyroid cancer: the influence of access to care","volume":"23","author":"Morris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0684","article-title":"Long-term declines of thyroid cancer mortality: an international age-period-cohort analysis","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.110","article-title":"The changing incidence of thyroid cancer","volume":"12","author":"Kitahara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19850801)56:3<531::AID-CNCR2820560321>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. A \u201cnormal\u201d finding in Finland. A systematic autopsy study","volume":"56","author":"Harach","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4022","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930615)71:12<4022::AID-CNCR2820711236>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Occult carcinoma of the thyroid. A systematic autopsy study from Spain of two series performed with two different methods","volume":"71","author":"Martinez-Tello","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2014.29.5.676","article-title":"Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas are different from latent papillary thyroid carcinomas at autopsy","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.8722","article-title":"Physician perspectives of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of low-risk papillary thyroid cancer in the US","volume":"5","author":"Dedhia","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179387","article-title":"Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of thyroid cancer: a population-based temporal trend study","volume":"12","author":"Jegerlehner","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00083-8","article-title":"Mapping overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer in China","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0116","article-title":"The impact of diagnostic changes on the rise in thyroid cancer incidence: a population-based study in selected high-resource countries","volume":"25","author":"Vaccarella","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib25","article-title":"Global thyroid cancer incidence trend and age-period-cohort model analysis based on Global Burden of Disease Study from 1990 to 2019","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.1.6.410","article-title":"Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules","volume":"1","author":"Gharib","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0020","article-title":"2015 American Thyroid Association management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: the American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Haugen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib28","first-page":"622","article-title":"American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi medical guidelines for clinical practice for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules--2016 update","volume":"22","author":"Gharib","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2017.01.046","article-title":"ACR Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS): white paper of the ACR TI-RADS Committee","volume":"14","author":"Tessler","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Radiol"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440180017002","article-title":"Treatment guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and well-differentiated thyroid cancer. American Thyroid Association","volume":"156","author":"Singer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2021.04.007","article-title":"American Association of Clinical Endocrinology and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi thyroid module algorithmic tool","volume":"27","author":"Garber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib32","article-title":"The TNAPP web-based algorithm improves thyroid nodule management in clinical practice: a retrospective validation study","volume":"13","author":"Triggiani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1724","article-title":"An ultrasonogram reporting system for thyroid nodules stratifying cancer risk for clinical management","volume":"94","author":"Horvath","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2016.17.3.370","article-title":"Ultrasonography diagnosis and imaging-based management of thyroid nodules: revised Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology consensus statement and recommendations","volume":"17","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1159\/000478927","article-title":"European Thyroid Association guidelines for ultrasound malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules in adults: the EU-TIRADS","volume":"6","author":"Russ","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-020-02441-y","article-title":"2020 Chinese guidelines for ultrasound malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules: the C-TIRADS","volume":"70","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01674","article-title":"Reducing the number of unnecessary thyroid biopsies while improving diagnostic accuracy: toward the \u201cright\u201d TIRADS","volume":"104","author":"Grani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.231481","article-title":"International expert consensus on US lexicon for thyroid nodules","volume":"309","author":"Durante","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15020424","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of various ultrasound risk stratification systems for benign and malignant thyroid nodules: a meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"7553","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","article-title":"Deep learning","volume":"521","author":"LeCun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1060702","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in thyroid ultrasound","volume":"13","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15030708","article-title":"The use of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and classification of thyroid nodules: an update","volume":"15","author":"Ludwig","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2023.04.010","article-title":"Deep learning for classification of thyroid nodules on ultrasound: validation on an independent dataset","volume":"99","author":"Weng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6600","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-25005-7","article-title":"An improved deep learning approach for detection of thyroid papillary cancer in ultrasound images","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28001-8","article-title":"Investigation of optimal convolutional neural network conditions for thyroid ultrasound image analysis","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00049-8","article-title":"A\u00a0worldwide journey of thyroid cancer incidence centred on tumour histology","volume":"9","author":"Rossi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31744\/einstein_journal\/2022AO6747","article-title":"Ultrasound classification of thyroid nodules: does size matter?","volume":"20","author":"Sakajiri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Einstein (Sao Paulo)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2013.0367","article-title":"Patient age is significantly related to the progression of papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid under observation","volume":"24","author":"Ito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2017.03.004","article-title":"Low-risk papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid: a review of active surveillance trials","volume":"44","author":"Ito","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.859461","article-title":"Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: active surveillance against surgery. Considerations of an Italian working group from a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Orlando","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2022.3875","article-title":"Expanded parameters in active surveillance for low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma: a nonrandomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2023.1794","article-title":"Active surveillance for low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma as an acceptable management option with additional benefits: a comprehensive systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Yoon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25848","article-title":"Low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: optimal management toward a more conservative approach","volume":"121","author":"Ramundo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0353","article-title":"Thyroid ultrasound features and risk of carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"25","author":"Remonti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib56","first-page":"209","article-title":"Thyroid nodules: risk stratification for malignancy with ultrasound and guided biopsy","volume":"11","author":"Anil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.09048","article-title":"Sonographic-pathologic correlation for punctate echogenic reflectors in papillary thyroid carcinoma: what are they?","volume":"35","author":"Tahvildari","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/ETJ-23-0108","article-title":"The sonographer\u2019s and pathologist\u2019s perspective of echogenic microfoci in papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Bah\u00e7ecio\u011flu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0082","article-title":"Microcalcifications and psammoma bodies in thyroid tumors","volume":"18","author":"Triggiani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23107","article-title":"Histopathological correlation of punctate echogenic foci on ultrasonography in papillary thyroid carcinoma","volume":"50","author":"Hong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Ultrasound"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib61","first-page":"933","article-title":"Ultrasonographic findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma and their relation to pathologic changes","volume":"93","author":"Lu","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2011.12.1.1","article-title":"Ultrasonography and the ultrasound-based management of thyroid nodules: consensus statement and recommendations","volume":"12","author":"Moon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2019.04.016","article-title":"Ultrasonographic features for differentiating follicular thyroid carcinoma and follicular adenoma","volume":"43","author":"Kuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2007.8.3.192","article-title":"Evaluating the degree of conformity of papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma to the reported ultrasonographic findings of malignant thyroid tumor","volume":"8","author":"Jeh S kyoung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Korean J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.14316","article-title":"Intraobserver and interobserver variability in ultrasound measurements of thyroid nodules","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000504219","article-title":"Taller-than-wide shape: a new definition improves the specificity of TIRADS systems","volume":"9","author":"Grani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Thyroid J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-01085-5","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of palpation versus ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis of malignancy in thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Tarigan","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Endocr Disord"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib68","first-page":"1039","article-title":"The 2023 Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology","volume":"33","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1159\/000360066","article-title":"Analysis of nondiagnostic results in a large series of thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology performed over 9 years in a single center","volume":"58","author":"Ferreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1159\/000339959","article-title":"The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology: a meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Bongiovanni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.15079","article-title":"Thyroid nodules with nondiagnostic results on repeat fine-needle aspiration biopsy: which nodules should be considered for repeat biopsy or surgery rather than follow-up?","volume":"35","author":"Eun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.03.014","article-title":"The biopsy-proven benign thyroid nodule: is long-term follow-up necessary?","volume":"217","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.0386","article-title":"Nomenclature revision for encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a paradigm shift to reduce overtreatment of indolent tumors","volume":"2","author":"Nikiforov","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R47","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-19-0566","article-title":"Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features: a problematic entity","volume":"9","author":"Zajkowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-19-0459","article-title":"Revised criteria for diagnosis of NIFTP reveals a better correlation with tumor biological behavior","volume":"8","author":"Paniza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib76","first-page":"1502","article-title":"The incidence of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features: a meta-analysis assessing worldwide impact of the reclassification","volume":"31","author":"Rana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1159\/000333232","article-title":"Spectrum of risk of malignancy in subcategories of \u2018atypia of undetermined significance.\u2019","volume":"55","author":"Olson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03336-4","article-title":"The 5th edition of WHO classification of tumors of endocrine organs: changes in the diagnosis of follicular-derived thyroid carcinoma","volume":"80","author":"Basolo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-19-0223","volume":"181","author":"Bongiovanni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib80","first-page":"4876","article-title":"Deep convolutional neural network VGG-16 model for differential diagnosing of papillary thyroid carcinomas in cytological images: a pilot study","volume":"10","author":"Guan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22238","article-title":"Application of a machine learning algorithm to predict malignancy in thyroid cytopathology","volume":"128","author":"Elliott Range","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3431","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis and mechanisms of thyroid cancer","volume":"13","author":"Xing","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2015.06.001","article-title":"Diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration BRAFV600E mutation analysis in papillary thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Fnais","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26500","article-title":"The association of the BRAF(V600E) mutation with prognostic factors and poor clinical outcome in papillary thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0350","article-title":"Effects of coexistent BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations on poor clinical outcomes in papillary thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Moon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-0373","article-title":"Genetic analysis of 779 advanced differentiated and anaplastic thyroid cancers","volume":"24","author":"Pozdeyev","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae112","article-title":"Outcomes of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules managed with genomic sequencing classifier","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.1153","article-title":"Performance of a genomic sequencing classifier for the preoperative diagnosis of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules","volume":"153","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac688","article-title":"Real-world performance of the Afirma genomic sequencing classifier (GSC)\u2014a meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"Nasr","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00612","article-title":"Analytical and clinical validation of expressed variants and fusions from the whole transcriptome of thyroid FNA samples","volume":"10","author":"Angell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqad169","article-title":"Use of the Afirma Xpression Atlas for cytologically indeterminate, Afirma genomic sequencing classifier suspicious thyroid nodules: clinicopathologic analysis with postoperative molecular testing","volume":"161","author":"Munoz-Zuluaga","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab304","article-title":"Afirma genomic sequencing classifier and Xpression Atlas molecular findings in consecutive Bethesda III-VI thyroid nodules","volume":"106","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.08.058","article-title":"Thyroid nodule molecular profiling: the clinical utility of Afirma Xpression Atlas for nodules with Afirma genomic sequencing classifier-suspicious results","volume":"171","author":"Babazadeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.22112","article-title":"Clinical validation of the ThyroSeq v3 genomic classifier in thyroid nodules with indeterminate FNA cytology","volume":"127","author":"Nikiforov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001420","article-title":"Tumor genotype determines phenotype and disease-related outcomes in thyroid cancer: a study of 1510 patients","volume":"262","author":"Yip","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib96","first-page":"1382","article-title":"Advances in molecular profiling and their potential influence on the extent of surgery in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC)","volume":"13","author":"Parpounas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life Basel Switz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1099280","article-title":"Molecular features of aggressive thyroid cancer","volume":"12","author":"Elia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.649522","article-title":"Thyroseq v3, Afirma GSC, and microRNA panels versus previous molecular tests in the preoperative diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Silaghi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-N2288","article-title":"TSH level as a risk factor of thyroid malignancy for nodules in euthyroid patients","volume":"43","author":"Alaraifi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2012.02.002","article-title":"Thyroid nodules","volume":"96","author":"Popoveniuc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188123","article-title":"Serum TSH levels as a predictor of malignancy in thyroid nodules: a prospective study","volume":"12","author":"Golbert","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.10.1.31","article-title":"Changing trends in thyroid practice: understanding nodular thyroid disease","volume":"10","author":"Gharib","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2978","article-title":"Clinical review: Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma: is there a correlation?","volume":"98","author":"Jankovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03378-8","article-title":"Geographic variation in the association between Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma, a meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Sweis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib105","article-title":"Cancer risk in Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2017.00053","article-title":"Association between Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis and thyroid cancer in 64,628 patients","volume":"7","author":"Resende de Paiva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62414","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18620","article-title":"A\u00a0meta-analysis of Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis and papillary thyroid carcinoma risk","volume":"8","author":"Lai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.932840","article-title":"The relationship between iodine intake and serum thyroglobulin in the general population","volume":"64","author":"B\u00edlek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ12-0410","article-title":"Prognostic significance of changes in serum thyroglobulin antibody levels of pre- and post-total thyroidectomy in thyroglobulin antibody-positive papillary thyroid carcinoma patients","volume":"60","author":"Tsushima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s13044-021-00094-1","article-title":"Malignancy risk of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules compared with non-toxic nodules: systematic review and a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Lau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thyroid Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10081634","article-title":"Principles of and advances in percutaneous ablation","volume":"258","author":"Ahmed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.761005","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules: technicalities progress and clinical applications, especially in malignant thyroid nodules","volume":"11","author":"Agyekum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib113","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation of thyroid nodules-expanding treatment options in the United States","volume":"5","author":"Hussain","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Endocr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.698689","article-title":"Update of radiofrequency ablation\u00a0for treating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. The future is now","volume":"12","author":"Tufano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2016.1230893","article-title":"Radiofrequency ablation of low-risk small papillary thyroidcarcinoma: preliminary results for patients ineligible for surgery","volume":"33","author":"Kim J hoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14530","article-title":"Long-term efficacy and safety of percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) in cystic thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Cesareo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5773","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031000","article-title":"Treatment of recurrent thyroid cysts with ethanol: a randomized double-blind controlled trial","volume":"88","author":"Bennedbaek","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3109\/07435800.2015.1015729","article-title":"Management of cystic or predominantly cystic thyroid nodules: role of simple aspiration of internal fluid","volume":"40","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14408","article-title":"Ultrasound of benign thyroid nodules: a 120 months follow-up study","volume":"94","author":"Cappelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-022-03256-9","article-title":"When and why patients drop out from benign thyroid nodules follow-up: a single centre experience","volume":"79","author":"Pirola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2541090460","article-title":"Value of US correlation of a thyroid nodule with initially benign cytologic results","volume":"254","author":"Kwak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.0956","article-title":"The natural history of benign thyroid\u00a0nodules","volume":"313","author":"Durante","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carj.2018.10.001","article-title":"Follow-up of benign thyroid nodules\u2014can we do less?","volume":"70","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0554-1","article-title":"Long- versus short-interval follow-up of cytologically benign thyroid nodules: a prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Medici","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1530891X24005585?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1530891X24005585?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T02:01:34Z","timestamp":1736301694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1530891X24005585"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1530891X24005585"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-891X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-891X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Thyroid Nodules: Past, Present, and Future","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Endocrine Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.05.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}