{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T21:26:51Z","timestamp":1785533211140,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aacejournalendocrinepractice.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Endocrine Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:07:12Z","timestamp":1730938032000},"page":"140-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The 24-Hour Urinary Cortisol\/Urinary Creatinine Ratio Helps Differentiate Cushing's Syndrome From Simple Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Meng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueting","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqiu","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.11305","article-title":"Cushing syndrome: a review","volume":"330","author":"Reincke","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-014-0569-6","article-title":"Incidence of Cushing's syndrome and Cushing's disease in commercially-insured patients <65 years old in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Broder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-5-1-25","article-title":"Physiological functions of glucocorticoids in stress and their relation to pharmacological actions","volume":"5","author":"Munck","year":"1984","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"9996","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61375-1","article-title":"Cushing's syndrome","volume":"386","author":"Lacroix","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13142","article-title":"Long-term effects of glucocorticoid excess on the brain","volume":"34","author":"Dekkers","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib6","first-page":"1526","article-title":"The diagnosis of cushing's syndrome: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"93","author":"Nieman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283487193","article-title":"Is urinary free cortisol of value in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome?","volume":"18","author":"Alexandraki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S376","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.104099","article-title":"Spot urine cortisol-creatinine ratio - a useful screening test in the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Kapoor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib9","volume":"1","year":"1996"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib10","first-page":"5","article-title":"Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference to risk factors of related diseases in Chinese adult population","volume":"23","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A\u00a0new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annals of internal medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib12","first-page":"96","article-title":"Expert consensus on Cushing's syndrome (2011)","volume":"28","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib13","first-page":"117","article-title":"Incidence and late prognosis of cushing's syndrome: a population-based study","volume":"86","author":"Lindholm","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2021.1000","article-title":"Descriptive Epidemiology and survival analysis of prolactinomas and cushing's disease in Korea","volume":"36","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-019-00951-1","article-title":"The incidence of Cushing's disease: a nationwide Swedish study","volume":"22","author":"Ragnarsson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5593","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030871","article-title":"Diagnosis and complications of Cushing's syndrome: a consensus statement","volume":"88","author":"Arnaldi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib17","first-page":"647","article-title":"The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome and pseudo-Cushing's states","volume":"19","author":"Newell-Price","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.165","article-title":"Normalization of urinary biomarkers to creatinine during changes in glomerular filtration rate","volume":"78","author":"Waikar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00365.x","article-title":"Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: a position statement from KidneyDisease: improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)","volume":"67","author":"Levey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01055012","article-title":"Pentachlorophenol measurements in body fluids of people in log homes and workplaces","volume":"18","author":"Cline","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9710578","article-title":"Metabolism of hexachlorobenzene in humans: association between serum levels and urinary metabolites in a highly exposed population","volume":"105","author":"To-Figueras","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environmental health perspectives"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1146","article-title":"Use of the desmopressin test in the differential diagnosis of pseudo-Cushing state from Cushing's disease","volume":"95","author":"Tirabassi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4123","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0596","article-title":"Specificity of first-line tests for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome: assessment in a large series","volume":"92","author":"Pecori Giraldi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1942","article-title":"Mortality and morbidity in Cushing's disease over 50 years in Stoke-on-Trent, UK: audit and meta-analysis of literature","volume":"96","author":"Clayton","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04124.x","article-title":"Mortality and morbidity in Cushing's syndrome in New Zealand","volume":"75","author":"Bolland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02486.x","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality in Cushing's disease: an epidemiological approach","volume":"40","author":"Etxabe","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clinical endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib27","first-page":"546","article-title":"Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), a reliable oxidative stress marker in hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Espinosa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Free\u00a0Radic Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003507","article-title":"Urinary levels of cortisol but not catecholamines are associated with those of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in uncomplicated primary hypertension","volume":"41","author":"Tomoda","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0509","article-title":"Diagnosis, management and therapeutic outcome in prepubertal Cushing's disease","volume":"162","author":"Dias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000314297","article-title":"Epidemiology of Cushing's syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Steffensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52128.x","article-title":"The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the female reproductive system","volume":"816","author":"Magiakou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Endocrine Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1530891X24008127?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1530891X24008127?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T23:21:11Z","timestamp":1740612071000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1530891X24008127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1530891X24008127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-891X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-891X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The 24-Hour Urinary Cortisol\/Urinary Creatinine Ratio Helps Differentiate Cushing's Syndrome From Simple Obesity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Endocrine Practice","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eprac.2024.10.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 AACE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}