{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T16:39:57Z","timestamp":1792773597200,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001169","name":"Cancer Council Tasmania","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001169","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001111","name":"Cancer Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001111","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001168","name":"Cancer Council Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001168","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000950","name":"Cancer Council South Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001006","name":"Breast Cancer Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000951","name":"Cancer Council Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000951","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001026","name":"National Breast Cancer Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","esmoopen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ESMO Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T19:46:49Z","timestamp":1787860009000},"page":"108346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Timing of breast cancer diagnosis postpartum and survival in women with germline pathogenic variants"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2716-9135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.T.","family":"van Geelen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3897-353X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.E.","family":"Lara Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9904-4091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.A.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4758-4651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.M.R.","family":"O\u2019Malley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3610-2511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H.","family":"Thorne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Milne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Loi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1323","article-title":"Breast cancer risk after recent childbirth: a pooled analysis of 15 prospective studies","volume":"170","author":"Nichols","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.286","article-title":"Joint effects of nulliparity and other breast cancer risk factors","volume":"105","author":"Opdahl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-012-0384-8","article-title":"Reproductive history and breast cancer risk","volume":"19","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29968","article-title":"Reproductive risk factors in relation to molecular subtypes of breast cancer: results from the nurses\u2019 health studies","volume":"138","author":"Sisti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-156-9-201205010-00006","article-title":"Risk factors for breast cancer for women aged 40 to 49 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"156","author":"Nelson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-3448","article-title":"Postpartum involution and cancer: an opportunity for targeted breast cancer prevention and treatments?","volume":"80","author":"Borges","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs505","article-title":"Postpartum remodeling, lactation, and breast cancer risk: summary of a National Cancer Institute-sponsored workshop","volume":"105","author":"Faupel-Badger","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"8096","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-09713-5","article-title":"Parity and lactation induce T cell mediated breast cancer protection","volume":"649","author":"Virassamy","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.6997","article-title":"Association between postpartum breast cancer diagnosis and metastasis and the clinical features underlying risk","volume":"2","author":"Goddard","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-021-08310-9","article-title":"Germline mutations in a clinic-based series of pregnancy associated breast cancer patients","volume":"21","author":"Zografos","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.7421","article-title":"Postpartum breast cancer and survival in women with germline BRCA pathogenic variants","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2022.03.014","article-title":"Overall survival is the lowest among young women with postpartum breast cancer","volume":"168","author":"Shagisultanova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0069","article-title":"Gene expression patterns in the human breast after pregnancy","volume":"3","author":"Asztalos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Prev Res"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.7112","article-title":"Risks of breast, ovarian, and contralateral breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers","volume":"317","author":"Kuchenbaecker","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pky078","article-title":"The influence of number and timing of pregnancies on breast cancer risk for women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations","volume":"2","author":"Terry","year":"2019","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07248-8","article-title":"Prognosis of pregnancy-associated breast cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-016-3989-3","article-title":"The prognosis of women diagnosed with breast cancer before, during and after pregnancy: a meta-analysis","volume":"160","author":"Hartman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-013-2729-1","article-title":"The impact of pregnancy on breast cancer survival in women who carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation","volume":"142","author":"Valentini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-021-06225-4","article-title":"Prognosis of breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy and early postpartum according to immunohistochemical subtype: a matched case\u2013control study","volume":"188","author":"Mu\u00f1oz-Monta\u00f1o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2012.06.004","article-title":"Prognosis of pregnancy-associated breast cancer: a meta-analysis of 30 studies","volume":"38","author":"Azim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-013-2437-x","article-title":"Postpartum diagnosis demonstrates a high risk for metastasis and merits an expanded definition of pregnancy-associated breast cancer","volume":"138","author":"Callihan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.090735","article-title":"Alternatively activated macrophages and collagen remodeling characterize the postpartum involuting mammary gland across species","volume":"176","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R31","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr3633","article-title":"Postpartum breast involution reveals regression of secretory lobules mediated by tissue-remodeling","volume":"16","author":"Jindal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16479-z","article-title":"Pregnancy reprograms the epigenome of mammary epithelial cells and blocks the development of premalignant lesions","volume":"11","author":"Feigman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40608-z","article-title":"The mutational landscape of the adult healthy parous and nulliparous human breast","volume":"14","author":"Cereser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.200162","article-title":"The immune environment of the mammary gland fluctuates during post-lactational regression and correlates with tumour growth rate","volume":"149","author":"Hitchcock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00183-2","article-title":"The definition of pregnancy-associated breast cancer is outdated and should no longer be used","volume":"22","author":"Amant","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1630","article-title":"Parity and breast cancer risk among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers","volume":"8","author":"Antoniou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj132","article-title":"Pregnancies, breast-feeding, and breast cancer risk in the International BRCA1\/2 Carrier Cohort Study (IBCCS)","volume":"98","author":"Andrieu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-009-0394-1","article-title":"Parity and the risk of breast and ovarian cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers","volume":"119","author":"Milne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"}],"container-title":["ESMO Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S205970292602288X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S205970292602288X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T15:40:58Z","timestamp":1792770058000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S205970292602288X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S205970292602288X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346","relation":{},"ISSN":["2059-7029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2059-7029","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Timing of breast cancer diagnosis postpartum and survival in women with germline pathogenic variants","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"ESMO Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.esmoop.2026.108346","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society for Medical Oncology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108346"}}