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Sham rats underwent 2 injections of vehicle into the TA 1 month apart. PD rats underwent transforming growth factor \u03b21 (TGF\u03b21) injection and injection of vehicle 1 month later. PD-hADSC rats underwent TGF\u03b21 injection followed by 1 million hADSCs 1 month later. 1 week after treatment, n\u00a0= 3 animals\/group were euthanized, and the penises were harvested for quantitative polymerase chain reaction. 1 month after treatment, the other animals, n\u00a0= 6 per group, underwent measurement of intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) during electrostimulation of the cavernous nerve. After euthanasia, penises were again harvested for histology and Western blot.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary outcome measures included (a) gene expression at one week post-injection; (b) measurement of ICP\/MAP upon cavernous nerve stimulation as a measure of erectile function; (c) elastin, collagen I and III protein expression; and (d) Histomorphometric analysis of the penis. Means where compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a Student-Newman-Keuls test for post hoc comparisons or Mann-Whitney test when applicable.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>No significant difference was noted in ICP or ICP\/MAP in response to cavernous nerve electrostimulation between the 3 groups at 2.5, 5, and 7.5 V (P &amp;gt; .05 for all voltages). PD animals developed tunical and subtunical areas of fibrosis with a significant upregulation of collagen III protein. The collagen III\/I ratio was higher in the PD (4.6 \u00b1 0.92) group compared with sham (0.66 \u00b1 0.18) and PD-hADSC (0.86 \u00b1 0.06) groups\u00a0(P &amp;lt; .05) These fibrotic changes were prevented when treated with hADSCs. Compared with PD rats, PD-hADSC rats demonstrated a decreased expression of several fibrosis-related genes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Injection of hADSCs reduces collagen III expression in a rat model of chronic PD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esxm.2018.09.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T07:42:42Z","timestamp":1543563762000},"page":"94-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Intratunical Injection of Human Adipose Tissue\u2013Derived Stem Cells Restores Collagen III\/I Ratio in a Rat Model of Chronic Peyronie\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Fabio","family":"Castiglione","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Experimental Urology, 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