{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T09:41:12Z","timestamp":1774690872871,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T20:44:15Z","timestamp":1671223455000},"page":"104041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pharmacokinetics of a long-acting subcutaneous eprinomectin injection in semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) \u2013 A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Rebecca K.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiane Kruse","family":"F\u00e6ste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Uhlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng-Ling","family":"Tukun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans Arne","family":"Solvang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renate","family":"Thorvaldsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars P.","family":"Folkow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"S\u00e1nchez Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marianne Vinje","family":"Kilv\u00e6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin Elisabeth","family":"Holmgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingebj\u00f8rg Helena","family":"Nymo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1515\/acve-2017-0013","article-title":"A brief review on the mode of action of antinematodal drugs","volume":"67","author":"Abongwa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib2","first-page":"207","article-title":"Plasma disposition and faecal excretion of eprinomectin following topical and subcutaneous administration in non-lactating dairy cattle. New Zealand","volume":"64","author":"Aksit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(95)00294-5","article-title":"Determination of moxidectin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with automated solid-phase extraction and fluorescence detection","volume":"674","author":"Alvinerie","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1053\/rvsc.1999.0312","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of eprinomectin in plasma and milk following topical administration to lactating dairy cattle","volume":"67","author":"Alvinerie","year":"1999","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006373609314","article-title":"Some pharmacokinetic parameters of eprinomectin in goats following pour-on administration","volume":"23","author":"Alvinerie","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Comm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib6","first-page":"150","article-title":"Aktuelle medikamentdoser til sedasjon, immobilisering og anestesi av norsk rein og Svalbardrein. (in Norwegian: Drug doses for sedation, immobilisation and anaesthesia of Norwegian and Svalbard reindeer)","volume":"2","author":"Arnemo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nor. Vet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3507","DOI":"10.1021\/jf970369g","article-title":"Development and validation of an HPLC\/MS\/MS method for the confirmation of eprinomectin marker residue in bovine liver tissue","volume":"45","author":"Ballard","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13017","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and milk excretion pattern of eprinomectin at different dose rates in dairy cattle","volume":"45","author":"Ballent","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-006-3230-7","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of eprinomectin in plasma and milk following subcutaneous administration to lactating dairy cattle","volume":"30","author":"Baoliang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Comm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-005-0103-x","article-title":"Eprinomectin in dairy zebu Gobra cattle (Bos indicus): plasma kinetics and excretion in milk","volume":"98","author":"Bengone-Ndong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-006-3284-6","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of eprinomectin in plasma and milk in lactating camels (Camelus dromedarius)","volume":"31","author":"Bengoumi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Comm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.05.021","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy of injectable eprinomectin in goats","volume":"241","author":"Briqu\u00e9-Pellet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01062336","article-title":"Interspecies scaling, allometry, physiological time, and the ground plan of pharmacokinetics","volume":"10","author":"Boxenbaum","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2007.07.011","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ivermectin in domestic animal species","volume":"179","author":"Canga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib15","series-title":"Worms on the Brain: Modelling Parasitic Disease Transmission in Reindeer. Master thesis","first-page":"139","author":"Ciezarek","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib16","unstructured":"Closset, N., 2021. Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) abundance in wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in relation to gastropod densities. Master thesis, Inland University, Norway. \u3008https:\/\/brage.inn.no\/inn-xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/11250\/2787059\/Closset.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2017.07.012","article-title":"Modelling the impact of targeted anthelmintic treatment of cattle on dung fauna","volume":"55","author":"Cooke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.07.035","article-title":"Review of methodology for the determination of macrocyclic lactone residues in biological matrices","volume":"844","author":"Danaher","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-020-00524-4","article-title":"Infection with brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) in Fennoscandia","volume":"62","author":"Davidson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib20","article-title":"Parasites in the changing world \u2013 Ten timely examples from the Nordic-Baltic region","volume":"10","author":"Deksne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasite Epidemiol. Contr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00008581","article-title":"Eprinomectin in dairy goats: dose influence on plasma levels and excretion in milk","volume":"87","author":"Dupuy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.07.027","article-title":"Plasma and milk kinetic of eprinomectin and moxidectin in lactating water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)","volume":"157","author":"Dupuy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.11.014","article-title":"Positive and negative electrospray LC\u2013MS\u2013MS methods for quantitation of the antiparasitic endectocide drugs, abamectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, moxidectin and selamectin in milk","volume":"850","author":"Durden","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib24","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency, 2018. Final CVMP assessment report for LONGRANGE (EMEA\/V\/C\/004291\/0000). \u3008https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/assessment-report\/longrange-epar-refusal-public-assessment-report_en.pdf\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib25","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency, 2021. Moxidectin \u2013 Article 35 Annexes I-IV: Annex I List of names, pharmaceutical forms, strengths of the veterinary medicinal products, animal species, routes of administration, applicants\/marketing authorisation holders in Member States. P 1\u201333. \u3008https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/referral\/moxidectin-article-35-referral-annex-i-ii-iii-iv_en.pdf\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2915.2007.00702.x","article-title":"Endectocide residues affect insect attraction to dung from treated cattle: Implications for toxicity tests","volume":"21","author":"Floate","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib27","unstructured":"Gogolewski, R.P., Plue, R.E., Rugg, D., Allerton, G.R., Familton, A.S., Langholff, W., Eagleson, J.S., 1997. Field trials in New Zealand demonstrating the anthelmintic efficacy of a topical formulation of eprinomectin in red deer. Abstracts of the 16th International Conference of WAAVP, 10\u201315 August, 1997, Sun City, South Africa: 34."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2015.04.003","article-title":"Anthelmintic efficacy and pharmacokinetics of pour-on eprinomectin (1 mg\/kg bodyweight) against gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematode infections in goats","volume":"127","author":"Hamel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1075-7","article-title":"Eprinomectin pour-on (EPRINEX\u00ae Pour-on, Merial): efficacy against gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes and pharmacokinetics in sheep","volume":"13","author":"Hamel","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.13008","article-title":"Pour\u2010on administration of eprinomectin to lactating dairy goats: Pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy","volume":"44","author":"Hamel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.7557\/2.14.2.1138","article-title":"Experimental studies of Elaphostrongylus rangiferi in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus): Clinical observations","volume":"14","author":"Handeland","year":"1994","journal-title":"Rangifer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib32","first-page":"188","article-title":"Elaphostrongylus and Dictyocaulus infections in Norwegian wild reindeer and red deer populations in relation to summer pasture altitude and climate","volume":"10","author":"Handeland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib33","first-page":"214","article-title":"High winter loads of Oestrid larvae and Elaphostrongylus rangiferi are associated with emaciation in wild reindeer calves","volume":"15","author":"Handeland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00446045","article-title":"Seasonal cycles in output of first stage larvae of the nematode Elaphostrongylus rangiferi from reindeer","volume":"5","author":"Halvorsen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Rangifer tarandus tarandus. Polar Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.02.032","article-title":"Linearity of eprinomectin pharmacokinetics in lactating dairy sheep following pour-on administration: excretion in milk and exposure of suckling lambs","volume":"154","author":"Hodo\u0161\u010dek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.154.25.782","article-title":"Efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on against gastrointestinal nematodes and the nasal bot fly (Oestrus ovis) in sheep","volume":"154","author":"Hoste","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-021-00578-y","article-title":"Occurrence of faecal endoparasites in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in two grazing areas in northern Norway","volume":"63","author":"Idland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2424","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-69.10.2424","article-title":"Pattern of eprinomectin milk excretion in dairy sheep unaffected by lactation stage: comparative residual profiles in dairy products","volume":"69","author":"Imperiale","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib39","unstructured":"International Organization for Standardization, 2018. Guide to Method Validation for Quantitative Analysis in Chemical Testing Laboratories. ISO\/IEC 17025. 5 September 2018. \u3008https:\/\/www.iso.org\/\ufb01les\/live\/sites\/isoorg\/\ufb01les\/store\/en\/PUB100424.pdf\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v82i1.858","article-title":"A review on the effect of macrocyclic lactones on dung-dwelling insects: Toxicity of macrocyclic lactones to dung beetles","volume":"82","author":"Jacobs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-007-0326-3","article-title":"Determination of eprinomectin in bovine urine and feces using HPLC with fluorescence detection","volume":"66","author":"Jiang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chromatographia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.030700","article-title":"Role of P-glycoprotein in the disposition of macrocyclic lactones: a comparison between ivermectin, eprinomectin, and moxidectin in mice","volume":"38","author":"Kiki-Mvouaka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drug Met. Disp."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-006-0903-6","article-title":"Analytical procedure for determination of the time profile of eprinomectin excretion in sheep faeces","volume":"387","author":"Ko\u017euh Er\u017een","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2885.1997.00825.x","article-title":"Comparative plasma disposition kinetics of ivermectin, moxidectin and doramectin in cattle","volume":"20","author":"Lanusse","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0727-z","article-title":"Eprinomectin in goat: assessment of subcutaneous administration","volume":"89","author":"Lespine","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.2174\/138920009787846297","article-title":"Interaction of macrocyclic lactones with the multidrug transporters: the bases of the pharmacokinetics of lipid-like drugs","volume":"10","author":"Lespine","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00142-9","article-title":"Ivermectin disposition kinetics after subcutaneous and intramuscular administration of an oil-based formulation to cattle","volume":"86","author":"Lifschitz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.05.014","article-title":"Failure of ivermectin and eprinomectin to control Amblyomma parvum in goats: characterization of acaricidal activity and drug pharmacokinetic disposition","volume":"156","author":"Lifschitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1258\/0023677021911731","article-title":"Use of allometry in predicting anatomical and physiological parameters of mammals","volume":"36","author":"Lindstedt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lab. Anim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.04.007","article-title":"Analytical procedure for the determination of eprinomectin in soil and cattle faeces","volume":"878","author":"Litskas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1897\/03-583.1","article-title":"Pour\u2010on formulation of eprinomectin for cattle: fecal elimination profile and effects on the development of the dung\u2010inhabiting Diptera Neomyia cornicina (L.)(Muscidae)","volume":"24","author":"Lumaret","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Toxicol. Chem.: Int. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.2174\/138920112800399257","article-title":"A review on the toxicity and non-target effects of macrocyclic lactones in terrestrial and aquatic environments","volume":"13","author":"Lumaret","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Pharmceut. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib53","unstructured":"Magnusson, B., \u00d6rnemark, U., 2014. (eds.) Eurachem Guide: The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods \u2013 A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, (2nd ed. 2014). ISBN 978\u201391-87461\u201359-0. https:\/\/www.eurachem.org\/index.php\/publications\/guides\/mv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib54","series-title":"Macrocyclic Lactones in Antiparasitic Therapy","first-page":"371","article-title":"The use of macrocyclic lactones to control parasites of domesticated wild ruminants","author":"Marley","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851996172.0125","article-title":"Mode of action of the macrocyclic lactones","author":"Martin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Macrocycl. Lact. Antiparasit. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2004.08.002","article-title":"Veterinary anthelmintics: old and new","volume":"20","author":"McKellar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib57","unstructured":"Meier, S., 2021. Daily rhythms in blood metabolites of Norwegian reindeer across seasons. Presentation at the 1st Arctic Research Network for disease in reindeer related to husbandry and climate change (Tarandus) workshop, November 2021, Kiruna, Sweden."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib58","unstructured":"MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet), 2015. ISO\/DIS 11014\/29 CFR 1910.1200\/ANSI Z400.1. Trade name: Eprinomectin 5 % injection LONGRANGE. (https:\/\/bi-vetmedica.com\/sites\/default\/files\/MSDS\/2015_eprinomectin_5_injection_longrange.pdf) (Accessed 3 June 2022)."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201074","article-title":"Eprinomectin from a sustained release formulation adversely affected dung breeding insects","volume":"13","author":"Nieman","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)36999-X","article-title":"The prediction of human pharmacokinetic parameters from preclinical and in vitro metabolism data","volume":"283","author":"Obach","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.133.13.312","article-title":"A comparison of topical, subcutaneous and oral administrations of ivermectin to reindeer","volume":"133","author":"Oksanen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1186\/BF03547774","article-title":"Moxidectin as an endectocide in reindeer","volume":"39","author":"Oksanen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-014-0076-9","article-title":"The relative plasma availabilities of ivermectin in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) following subcutaneous and two different oral formulation applications","volume":"56","author":"Oksanen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12341","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of an extended\u2010release formulation of eprinomectin in healthy adult alpacas and its use in alpacas confirmed with mange","volume":"40","author":"Pollock","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-012-2970-2","article-title":"Reevaluation of efficacy against nematode parasites and pharmacokinetics of topical eprinomectin in cattle","author":"Rehbein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4039","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4072-9","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy of topical eprinomectin in goats prevented from grooming","volume":"113","author":"Rehbein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.603990","article-title":"Modelling thermal suitability for reindeer (Rangifer tarandus ssp.) brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) transmission in Fennoscandia","volume":"7","author":"Rose Vineer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2019.108992","article-title":"Review of the Eprinomectin effective doses required for dairy goats: where do we go from here?","volume":"277","author":"Rostang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib69","first-page":"1170","article-title":"Study on pharmacokinetics of eprinomectin in sheep following intravenous and subcutaneous administration","volume":"2","author":"Shi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Agric. Sci. China"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(96)00122-1","article-title":"Efficacy in sheep and pharmacokinetics in cattle that led to the selection of eprinomectin as a topical endectocide for cattle","volume":"26","author":"Shoop","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.11.037","article-title":"An eprinomectin extended-release injection formulation providing nematode control in cattle for up to 150 days","volume":"192","author":"Soll","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib72","series-title":"Investigation the Effect of Herd and Landscape on Brainworm (Elaphostrongylus rangiferi) Prevalence and Infection Intensity in A Semi-domesticated Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) herd. Master thesis","author":"Stuut","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1039\/a802093k","article-title":"Determination of eprinomectin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with automated solid phase extraction and fluorescence detection","volume":"123","author":"Sutra","year":"1998","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib74","series-title":"Veterinary Parasitology","author":"Taylor","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2008.11.024","article-title":"Large volume injection for the direct analysis of ionophores and avermectins in surface water by liquid chromatography\u2013electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"633","author":"Thompson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib76","article-title":"ATC-Register Antiparasitt\u00e6re midler, insekticider og repellerende midler","author":"Veterin\u00e6rkatalogen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IQP54A Makrosykliske laktoner"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib77","unstructured":"Veterin\u00e6rkatalogen, 2022a. Rompun vet. Bayer Animal Health GmbH. https:\/\/www.felleskatalogen.no\/medisin-vet\/rompun-vet-bayer-animal-health-gmbh-563613 (Accessed 24 June 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib78","unstructured":"Veterin\u00e6rkatalogen, 2022b. Antisedan vet. Orion. https:\/\/www.felleskatalogen.no\/medisin-vet\/antisedan-vet-orion-546105 (Accessed 24 June 2022)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.08.017","article-title":"Plasma and milk kinetics of eprinomectin following topical or oral administration to lactating Chinese Holstein cows","volume":"174","author":"Wen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib80","first-page":"870","article-title":"A survey to detect Toxocara vitulorum and other gastrointestinal parasites in bison (Bison bison) herds from Manitoba and Saskatchewan","volume":"55","author":"Woodbury","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.21423\/bovine-vol50no1p47-55","article-title":"Season-long effectiveness of stocker-calf treatment at turnout with eprinomectin extended-release injection or a combination of injectable doramectin and oral albendazole","volume":"50","author":"Yazwinski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bov. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib82","first-page":"73","article-title":"Biology, epidemiology, and control of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants","volume":"36","author":"Zajac","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am.: Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2010.01.007","article-title":"PKSolver: an add-in program for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data analysis in Microsoft Excel","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. Meth. Prog. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2015.02.010","article-title":"Anthelmintic efficacy, plasma and milk kinetics of eprinomectin following topical and subcutaneous administration to yaks (Bos grumniens)","volume":"153","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1382668922002344?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1382668922002344?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T09:53:54Z","timestamp":1761299634000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1382668922002344"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":84,"alternative-id":["S1382668922002344"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041","relation":{},"ISSN":["1382-6689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1382-6689","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pharmacokinetics of a long-acting subcutaneous eprinomectin injection in semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) \u2013 A pilot study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.etap.2022.104041","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104041"}}