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Despite similar conditions during cardioversion in all cases, different dysfunctions reflecting damage to the pulse generator and\/or a rise of the stimulation threshold in both, atrial and ventricular leads, have been observed. The possible mechanisms for these effects are discussed and recommendations for the management of cardioversion in patients with permanent pacemaker systems are given.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eupc.2003.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,3]],"date-time":"2004-03-03T10:17:38Z","timestamp":1078309058000},"page":"165-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Adverse effects of direct current cardioversion on cardiac pacemakers and electrodes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Christiane","family":"Waller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Universit\u00e4tsklinik \u00a0 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Callies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Universit\u00e4tsklinik \u00a0 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heiner","family":"Langenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medizinische Universit\u00e4tsklinik \u00a0 W\u00fcrzburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023122209331859500_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(05)70320-5","article-title":"Cardiac pacing. 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