{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:22:16Z","timestamp":1790256136645,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European Neuropsychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,17]],"date-time":"2011-10-17T23:19:04Z","timestamp":1318893544000},"page":"339-346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":151,"title":["Polarity index of pharmacological agents used for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Dina","family":"Popovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Reinares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Manuel","family":"Goikolea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina Mar","family":"Bonnin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Gonzalez-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Vieta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344125","article-title":"The course of affective disorders. II. Typology of bipolar manic-depressive illness","volume":"226","author":"Angst","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch. Psychiatr. Nervenkr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.5.481","article-title":"A randomized, placebo-controlled 12-month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Divalproex maintenance study group","volume":"57","author":"Bowden","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.4.392","article-title":"A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently manic or hypomanic patients with bipolar I disorder","volume":"60","author":"Bowden","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05482yel","article-title":"Ziprasidone plus a mood stabilizer in subjects with bipolar I disorder: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial","volume":"71","author":"Bowden","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0906","article-title":"A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently depressed patients with bipolar I disorder","volume":"64","author":"Calabrese","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.09.022","article-title":"Mood state at study entry as predictor of the polarity of relapse in bipolar disorder","volume":"56","author":"Calabrese","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2008.01194.x","article-title":"Compelling or irrelevant? Using number needed to treat can help decide","volume":"117","author":"Citrome","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.01.032","article-title":"Clinical and therapeutic implications of predominant polarity in bipolar disorder","volume":"93","author":"Colom","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707000864","article-title":"Clinical and prognostic implications of seasonal pattern in bipolar disorder: a 10-year follow-up of 302 patients","volume":"37","author":"Goikolea","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881109102919","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: revised second edition\u2014recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology","volume":"23","author":"Goodwin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0190","first-page":"67","article-title":"Concise Guide to Evidence-Based Psychiatry","author":"Gray","year":"2004"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02916252","article-title":"Lithium vs carbamazepine in the maintenance treatment of schizoaffective disorder: a randomised study","volume":"247","author":"Greil","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0206","article-title":"Prophylactic efficacy of lithium versus carbamazepine in treatment-naive bipolar patients","volume":"64","author":"Hartong","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v68n1003","article-title":"Aripiprazole monotherapy for maintenance therapy in bipolar I disorder: a 100-week, double-blind study versus placebo","volume":"68","author":"Keck","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00761.x","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of maintenance treatment with adjunctive risperidone long-acting therapy in patients with bipolar I disorder who relapse frequently","volume":"11","author":"Macfadden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00898.x","article-title":"Efficacy of aripiprazole adjunctive to lithium or valproate in the long-term treatment of patients with bipolar I disorder with an inadequate response to lithium or valproate monotherapy: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study","volume":"13","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2007.00327.x","article-title":"Functional outcome in bipolar disorder: the role of clinical and cognitive factors","volume":"9","author":"Martinez-Aran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2008.00611.x","article-title":"Reporting outcomes in clinical trials for bipolar disorder: a commentary and suggestions for change","volume":"10","author":"Martinez-Aran","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bipolar. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3109\/15622970009150590","article-title":"Predominant polarity of bipolar patients in Israel","volume":"1","author":"Osher","year":"2000","journal-title":"World J. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.07.029","article-title":"Revisiting depressive-prone bipolar disorder: polarity of initial mood episode and disease course among bipolar I systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder participants","volume":"58","author":"Perlis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-2056-8","article-title":"Number needed to treat analyses of drugs used for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder","volume":"213","author":"Popovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1973.01750330035006","article-title":"Prophylactic efficacy of lithium carbonate in manic-depressive illness. Report of the Veterans Administration and National Institute of Mental Health collaborative study group","volume":"28","author":"Prien","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.01.015","article-title":"Risperidone long-acting injectable monotherapy in the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder","volume":"68","author":"Quiroz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-198606000-00009","article-title":"Bipolar disorder: are there manic-prone and depressive-prone forms?","volume":"6","author":"Quitkin","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0125","article-title":"From sample size to effect-size: small study effect investigation (SSEi)","volume":"1","author":"Richy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Epidemiol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.07.021","article-title":"Predominant polarity in bipolar disorder: diagnostic implications","volume":"107","author":"Rosa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0135","first-page":"749","article-title":"Textbook of Psychopharmacology","author":"Schatzberg","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08020189","article-title":"Maintenance treatment for patients with bipolar I disorder: results from a North American study of quetiapine in combination with lithium or divalproex (Trial 127)","volume":"166","author":"Suppes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.4.337","article-title":"Relapse prevention in bipolar I disorder: 18-month comparison of olanzapine plus mood stabiliser v. mood stabiliser alone","volume":"184","author":"Tohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.2.247","article-title":"Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine as maintenance therapy in patients with bipolar I disorder responding to acute treatment with olanzapine","volume":"163","author":"Tohen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00726.x","article-title":"The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Task Force report on the nomenclature of course and outcome in bipolar disorders","volume":"11","author":"Tohen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.001","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of quetiapine in combination with lithium or divalproex for maintenance of patients with bipolar I disorder (international trial 126)","volume":"109","author":"Vieta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145708008596","article-title":"A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled prophylaxis trial of oxcarbazepine as adjunctive treatment to lithium in the long-term treatment of bipolar I and II disorder","volume":"11","author":"Vieta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.02.028","article-title":"Predominant previous polarity as an outcome predictor in a controlled treatment trial for depression in bipolar I disorder patients","volume":"119","author":"Vieta","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0175","unstructured":"Vieta, E., Montgomery, S., Sulaiman, A.H,, Cordoba, R., Huberlant, B., Martinez, L., Schreiner, A., accepted for publication. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess prevention of mood episodes with risperidone long-acting injectable in patients with bipolar I disorder."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0180","series-title":"Poster presented at: the 60th Institute on Psychiatric Services; October 2\u20135; Chicago, IL","article-title":"Quetiapine or lithium versus placebo for maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder after stabilization on quetiapine","author":"Weisler","year":"2008"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00672.x","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: update 2009","volume":"11","author":"Yatham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."}],"container-title":["European Neuropsychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924977X11002616?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924977X11002616?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T17:49:51Z","timestamp":1760377791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0924977X11002616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0924977X11002616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-977X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-977X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Polarity index of pharmacological agents used for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Neuropsychopharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.09.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}