{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T15:44:51Z","timestamp":1762271091254},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4795,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800244994_abs1\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>As panic disorder (PD) has a chronic course, it is important to identify predictors that might be related to non-remission. The aim of this study is to verify whether history of trauma and defense style are predictors to pharmacological treatment response in PD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800244994_abs2\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample was composed by 47 PD patients according to DSM-IV who were treated with sertraline for 16 weeks. Evaluations were assessed by the C.G.I. (Clinical Global Impression), the Hamilton-Anxiety Scale, the Hamilton-Depression Scale, the Panic Inventory and the DSQ-40 (Defense Style Questionnaire) at baseline and after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800244994_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Full remission was observed in 61.7% of the sample. The predictors significantly associated with non-remission were: severity of PD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.012), age of onset (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02) and immature defenses (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.032). In addition, the history of trauma was associated with early onset of PD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.043).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800244994_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Panic patients had as predictors of worse response to pharmacological treatment the early onset and the severity of PD symptoms as well as the use of immature defenses at baseline. This finding corroborates the relevance of the evaluation of factors that might affect the response so as to enable the development of appropriate treatment for each patient.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2006.09.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,2]],"date-time":"2007-01-02T18:50:55Z","timestamp":1167763855000},"page":"87-91","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Trauma and defense style as response predictors of pharmacological treatment in panic 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