{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T22:56:41Z","timestamp":1789945001992,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4064,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur. psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800065263_abs1\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the clinical management of typical scenarios by using three case vignettes in a substantial number of European countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800065263_abs2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three case vignettes and an associated questionnaire, filled in and finalised by at least two experts from each country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800065263_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Legislation and clinical practice varies widely across the 16 included countries. No specific pattern emerged. Certain practices (intravenous medication, mechanical restraint, net beds and forensic transfers, respectively) only exist in few countries. Legislation for involuntary medication is most restrictive in the Netherlands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800065263_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is little harmonisation and a lack of consistent standards within and across European countries regarding treatment and management of violent patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2008.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,4]],"date-time":"2008-05-04T07:39:49Z","timestamp":1209886789000},"page":"135-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Legal provisions and practice in the management of violent patients. A case vignette study in 16 European countries"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Tilman","family":"Steinert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lepping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14999013.2003.10471187"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0929-7","article-title":"Compulsory admission and treatment in schizophrenia: a study of ethical attitudes in four European countries","volume":"40","author":"Steinert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.2.163","article-title":"Epidemiology of involuntary placement of mentally ill people across the European Union","volume":"184","author":"Salize","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-007-0159-2","article-title":"Admission of mentally disordered offenders to specialized forensic care in fifteen European Union member states","volume":"42","author":"Salize","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib19","unstructured":"[19] Whittington, R. The European Violence in Psychiatry Research Group (EViPRG). Callaghan, P. , Nijman, H. , Palmstierna, T. , Oud, N. Violence in clinical psychiatry. Proceedings of the 5th European congress on violence in Clinical Psychiatry, Kavanah 2007; 345"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007000"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03363.x"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-007-0154-7","article-title":"Assessing morale in community mental health professionals: a pooled analysis of data from four European countries","volume":"42","author":"Reininghaus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38296.611215.AE","article-title":"Reinstitutionalisation in mental health care: comparison of data on service provision from six European countries","volume":"330","author":"Priebe","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00417.x"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-0179-3-1"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1747-5341-2-5","article-title":"Ethical analysis of the new proposed mental health legislation in England and Wales","volume":"12","author":"Lepping","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos Ethics Humanit Med"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib5","first-page":"168","article-title":"The EUNOMIA project on coercion in psychiatry: study design and preliminary data","volume":"4","author":"Kallert","year":"2005","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(99)00017-6"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2004.04.008"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib12","volume-title":"Violence in clinical psychiatry. Causes, consequences, management","author":"Richter","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib14","first-page":"139","article-title":"Commitment and treatment of psychiatric patients in Great Britain and Germany","volume":"26","author":"R\u00f6ttgers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychiatr Prax"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib4","unstructured":"[4] Janssen, W.A. , Noorthoorn, E.O. , de Vries, W.J. , Hutschemeakers, G.H.M. , Lendemeijer, H. The use of seclusion in the Netherlands compared to countries in and outside Europe. Callaghan, P. , Nijman, H. , Palmstierna, T. , Oud, N. Violence in clinical psychiatry. Proceedings of the 5th European Congress on violence in clinical psychiatry, Kavanah 2007; 345"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-002-0591-2"},{"key":"S0924933800065263_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v68n0214"}],"container-title":["European Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924933808015113?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924933808015113?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0924933800065263","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T09:27:42Z","timestamp":1587115662000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0924933800065263\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0924933800065263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2008.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-9338","type":"print"},{"value":"1778-3585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}