{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T01:48:31Z","timestamp":1773798511328,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586908800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2296,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["europsy-journal.com","em-consulte.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur. psychiatr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240935_abs1\" sec-type=\"other\"><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigates the effect of sex and childhood trauma on affective processing in bipolar disorder (BPD) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240935_abs2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a sample of fifty-six BPD patients, we administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Affective Go\/No-Go (AGNG) to measure affective processing. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of sex and childhood trauma on IGT; Repeated-Measures ANOVAs to measure accuracy and bias measures across conditions on the AGNG.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240935_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the context of childhood abuse, females evidenced a more conservative cognitive style than males by selecting fewer cards from the disadvantageous decks [F(1, 49) = 14.218;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.001] and showed an improvement throughout the task, as noted in a normal learning curve [F(1.49) = 4.385;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.041)]. For the AGNG, an interaction specific to the negative valence stimuli on response bias measures was found. Abused females scored higher (mean = 8.38; SD = 6.39) than abused males (mean = 0.69; SD = 1.19) [F(1.46) = 6.348;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.015].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240935_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severity of childhood trauma was significantly different between sexes. In the context of a history of emotional abuse, male bipolar patients tended toward a more risk-taking behavior compared to female. Further investigations are needed to elucidate potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this interaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2013.06.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,6]],"date-time":"2013-08-06T01:00:44Z","timestamp":1375750844000},"page":"52-57","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Initial evidence for sex-specific effects of early emotional abuse on affective processing in bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Russo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Proujansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.J.","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.E.","family":"Burdick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260902962156"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbl053"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0085","volume-title":"Research version Patient Edition (SCIDI\/P)","author":"First","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708004200"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.12.1746"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0001-690X.2003.00217.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)91193-2"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.115.1.196"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2008.00591.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.04.055"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.11.025"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0045","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increased salience of gains versus decreased associative learning differentiate bipolar disorder from schizophrenia during incentive decision-making","volume":"12","author":"Brambilla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0035","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in euthymic major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Bora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2011.03.007"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2007.07.001"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.36"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0105","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder: a guide for clinicians","author":"Goldberg","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291704002557"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01454455980222007"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2010.00856.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0210","volume-title":"Wide-Range Achievement Test 3: administration manual","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.23.1.56"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0160","first-page":"18","article-title":"Neurobiological consequences of childhood trauma","volume":"65","author":"Nemeroff","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2008.00618.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.01.018"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.3.295"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0025","volume-title":"Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. A retrospective self-report manual","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh083"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.05.011"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.14.3.253"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01756.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2010.514601"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20532","article-title":"Preferential association between childhood emotional abuse and bipolar disorder","volume":"23","author":"Etain","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.2.121"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00906.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2007.01758.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e3282efa07a"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2012.01014.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(01)01239-2"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf049"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00530.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2004.00121.x"},{"key":"S0924933800240935_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2011.05.003"}],"container-title":["European Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924933813000795?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0924933813000795?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0924933800240935","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T13:02:11Z","timestamp":1596286931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0924933800240935\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0924933800240935"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2013.06.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0924-9338","1778-3585"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0924-9338","type":"print"},{"value":"1778-3585","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Initial evidence for sex-specific effects of early emotional abuse on affective processing in bipolar disorder","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"European Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2013.06.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}