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Since childhood trauma is known to cause difficulties in emotion regulation (ER) and patients with psychosis show impaired ER, we hypothesize that impaired ER explains why people with a background of trauma are prone to psychotic experiences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240030_abs2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study used a longitudinal cohort design based on a community sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 562) from Germany, Indonesia, and the United States. Childhood trauma was assessed at baseline. ER and psychotic experiences (defined as positive symptom frequency and related distress) were measured repeatedly at a 4-, 8-, and 12-month follow-up. Cross-lagged panel and longitudinal mediation analyses with structural equation modeling were used to test the predictive value of ER on psychotic experiences and its mediating role in the association of childhood trauma and psychotic experiences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240030_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cross-lagged paths from impaired ER to symptom distress (but not frequency) were significant. However, there was also evidence for the reverse causation from symptom frequency and distress to impaired ER. ER partially mediated the significant prospective paths from childhood trauma to symptom distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0924933800240030_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings demonstrate that ER plays a role in translating childhood trauma into distressing psychotic experiences in later life. Moreover, the findings point to a maintenance mechanism in which difficulties in ER and symptom distress exacerbate each other. 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