{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T11:40:46Z","timestamp":1772710846242,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evaluation and Program Planning"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,5]],"date-time":"2025-02-05T16:19:56Z","timestamp":1738772396000},"page":"102554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Vocational training and employability: A study in reference to skill development program from Gujarat, India"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7251-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anurag Kumar","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhavya","family":"Logar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surbhi","family":"Sanghvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avani","family":"Vaghela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Adwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib1","unstructured":"Agrawal, T. (2013). Vocational education and training programs (VET): An Asian perspective. Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education, 14(1), 15-26. Retrieved 2021, from \u3008https:\/\/www.ijwil.org\/files\/APJCE_14_1_15_26.pdf\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agrawal, T., & Agrawal, A. (2017, March 14). Vocational education and training in India: a labour market perspective. Journal of Vocational Education & Training. doi:10.1080\/13636820.2017.1303785.","DOI":"10.1080\/13636820.2017.1303785"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib3","first-page":"74","article-title":"People\u2019s Participation in Implementation of Soil and Water Conservation Programme: Case Study of Antisar Watershed in Kheda District of Gujarat","volume":"54","author":"Bagdi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Extension Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s10758-023-09641-1","article-title":"Identifying the factors to enhance digital competence of students at vocational training institutes","volume":"28","author":"Barboutidis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Technology Knowledge and Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2024.103273","article-title":"Can information about jobs improve the effectiveness of vocational training? Experimental evidence from India","volume":"169","author":"Chakravorty","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Development Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s41027-019-00167-8","article-title":"Skills training and employment outcomes in rural Bihar","volume":"62","author":"Chakravorty","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Indian Journal of Labour Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chakravorty, B. (2016). Skill Training Programs and Employment Prospects in Bihar.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3029772"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.69520\/jipe.v4i1.104","article-title":"Through and beyond COVID-19, promoting whole person, lifelong and life wide learning","volume":"4","author":"Cole","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Innovation in Polytechnic Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib9","series-title":"India Skills Report 2022","first-page":"1","article-title":"India Skills Report 2022","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib10","unstructured":"ETF, European Training Foundation, Folisi, F., Galvin Arribas, J.M., Omnia Education Partnerships Ltd, Furmanets, K., Lager, A., Jansson, M., Seitamaa, A., & Valoj\u00e4rvi, L. (2023). CENTRES OF VOCATIONAL EXCELLENCE: PROCESSES AND PRACTICES. \u3008https:\/\/www.etf.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-02\/Draft%20ETF_CoVE_Study_2023%20version%20used%20in%20the%20event%20on%209%20February_1.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\u3009."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib11","first-page":"65","article-title":"Digital skills and blended learning in vocational education post-COVID-19","volume":"10","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Vocational Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40461-016-0027-y","article-title":"Why is the pipeline leaking? Experiences of young women in STEM vocational education and training and their adjustment strategies","volume":"8","author":"Makarova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib13","article-title":"Vocational education and training for development: A policy in need of a theory?","volume":"32","author":"McGrath","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Development"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib14","first-page":"112","article-title":"The regional disparities in VET outcomes in India: A comparative analysis","volume":"25","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"South Asian Journal of Education and Training"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib15","unstructured":"National Policy on Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. (2015).\u00a0https:\/\/www.msde.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/2019-09\/National%20Policy%20on%20Skill%20Development%20and%20Entreprenurship%20Final.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib16","unstructured":"OECD. (2023). Vocational education and training (VET)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Owusu, D. (2021). Occupational stress, burnout, job dissatisfaction and Turnover intentions among senior high school Teachers in cape coast metropolis, Ghana (Doctoral dissertation, University of Cape coast).","DOI":"10.47941\/jep.524"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1177\/0038040711427313","article-title":"The emergent European model in skill formation: Comparing higher education and vocational training in the Bologna and Copenhagen processes","volume":"85","author":"Powell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sociology of Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib19","unstructured":"PV, R. (2022.). Kruskal\u2013Wallis Non Parametric Hypothesis Test. Retrieved from Six SIgma Study Guide.com: \u3008https:\/\/sixsigmastudyguide.com\/kruskal-wallis-non-parametric-hypothesis-test\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radkevych, M. (2023). Modern models of public-private partnership in the field of vocational education and training in the European Union. European Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 58(3), 189-210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32835\/2707-3092.2023.26.4-14.","DOI":"10.32835\/2707-3092.2023.26.4-14"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib21","unstructured":"Sahay, N., Bihari, S., & Kumar, M. (2019, March). Effective Job Retention Strategies for Rural Youths under Deen Dayal Grameen. International Journal of Applied Social Science, 6(3), 741-749."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1108\/JD-02-2019-0034","article-title":"\"Skilled immigrants: A resettlement information literacy framework\"","volume":"75","author":"Sayyad Abdi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib23","article-title":"The global competitiveness report 2019","author":"Schwab","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Economic Forum"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib24","first-page":"77","article-title":"Challenges in industry-aligned vocational training in South Asia","volume":"38","author":"Sinha","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Vocational Education and Training"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib25","unstructured":"Sodhi. (2014, January). A Study of Skill Gaps in the Informal Sector. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 49(3), 456-470. Retrieved 2019, from \u3008https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/24546990\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib26","series-title":"Micro Enterprises and its impact on livelihood","author":"Soosai","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.5172\/rsj.19.2.127","article-title":"Satellite lessons: Vocational education and training for isolated communities","volume":"19","author":"Twyford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rural Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib28","unstructured":"UNESCO. (2017). Office Bangkok and Regional Bureau for Education in Asia and the Pacific. In M. Coles, & A. Bateman, Towards Quality Assurance of Technical and Vocational Education and Training."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/0305006940300202","article-title":"Technical and vocational education in developing countries: Western paradigms and comparative methodology","volume":"30","author":"Watson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Comparative education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib30","unstructured":"Wayne W. LaMorte, M.P. (2017). Mann Whitney U Test (Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test). Retrieved from Boston University School of Public Health: \u3008https:\/\/sphweb.bumc.bu.edu\/otlt\/mph-modules\/bs\/bs704_nonparametric\/BS704_Nonparametric4.html\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-023-01522-3","article-title":"Navigating digital learning landscapes: unveiling the interplay between learning behaviors, digital literacy, and educational outcomes","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of the Knowledge Economy"}],"container-title":["Evaluation and Program Planning"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149718925000217?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149718925000217?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T21:36:56Z","timestamp":1740865016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0149718925000217"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0149718925000217"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-7189","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vocational training and employability: A study in reference to skill development program from Gujarat, India","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Evaluation and Program Planning","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2025.102554","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102554"}}