{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:21:44Z","timestamp":1792095704736,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evaluation and Program Planning"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T16:44:22Z","timestamp":1770828262000},"page":"102771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["How did the transition toward virtual education change lecturers\u2019 appraisal forms?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8142-2229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuel","family":"Tamir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2136-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonatan","family":"Shertzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3497-3252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edna","family":"Rabenu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orit","family":"Gilor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yair","family":"Maayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.20533\/ijcdse.2042.6364.2017.0404","article-title":"Teacher performance evaluation: The importance of performance standards","volume":"8","author":"de Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal for Cross-disciplinary Subjects in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5539\/elt.v14n2p20","article-title":"Effectiveness of the ADDIE model within an E-learning environment in developing creative writing in EFL students","volume":"14","author":"Almelhi","year":"2021","journal-title":"English Language Teaching"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib3","article-title":"Hybrid flexible teaching and learning in higher education\u2013what have we learned? Technology, experience, and perceptions","author":"Ambrose","year":"2022","journal-title":"Conference Proceedings"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci14020121","article-title":"Teaching in higher education after COVID-19: Optimizing digital learning ecosystems to enable effective teaching","volume":"14","author":"Bajwa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1080\/01587919.2011.610293","article-title":"Transforming online teaching practice: Critical analysis of the literature on the roles and competencies of online teachers","volume":"32","author":"Baran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Distance Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib6","first-page":"15","article-title":"HyFlex teaching in higher education: Lessons from sustained adoption","volume":"22","author":"Barr","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib7","unstructured":"Bay View Analytics, \"Digital Learning Pulse Survey: Fall 2023 results (Infographic),\" Cengage, 6 February 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1080\/09585192.2018.1500387","article-title":"Performance appraisal: Dimensions and determinants","volume":"31","author":"Bayo-Moriones","year":"2020","journal-title":"The International Journal of Human Resource Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2022.104561","article-title":"Engagement and disengagement in online learning","volume":"188","author":"Bergdahl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Computers Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib10","first-page":"102","article-title":"Student evaluation of teaching in higher education: Conceptual and empirical issues","volume":"63","author":"Berliner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Studies in Educational Evaluation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1080\/07294360.2010.487201","article-title":"The imagined and the real: Identifying the tensions for academic identity","volume":"29","author":"Billot","year":"2010","journal-title":"High Education Research Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci14080816","article-title":"Navigating new norms: Lecturers\u2019 insights on digital learning integration in higher education\u2014A case of Israel","volume":"14","author":"Bitar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.18870\/hlrc.v14i1.1436","article-title":"Relationships between pedagogical practices and affective states for effective teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from university professors","volume":"14","author":"Bruna","year":"2024","journal-title":"High Learning Research Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib15","unstructured":"CfHE (CHE), \"Institutions of Higher Education,\" [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/che.org.il\/en\/institutions-higher-education-2\/\u3009. [Accessed 23 Oct. 2025]."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.5539\/jel.v9n5p15","article-title":"The development of online learning in Israeli higher education","volume":"9","author":"Cohen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Education and Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stueduc.2024.101342","article-title":"Performance evaluation in teaching: Dissecting student evaluations in higher education","volume":"81","author":"Cook","year":"2024","journal-title":"Studies in Educational Evaluation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib18","unstructured":"J.W. Creswell, \"Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches,\" (4th ed.), Sage Publications, Inc, 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib19","first-page":"308","article-title":"Academic staff in Israeli higher education: Centralized promotion, institutional change, and managerial roles","volume":"43","author":"Davidovitch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.32674\/jcihe.v15i5.5391","article-title":"Returning to the academic campus as the end of the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a student survey in Israel","volume":"15","author":"Davidovitch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPPM-01-2018-0012","article-title":"Factors affecting employee performance: an empirical approach","volume":"68","author":"Diamantidis","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-021-10675-0","article-title":"The coping of academic staff with an extreme situation: The transition from conventional teaching to online teaching","volume":"27","author":"Dorfsman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Education and Information Technologies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib23","series-title":"EDUCAUSE","article-title":"2024 EDUCAUSE Horizon Report: Teaching and learning edition","author":"EDUCAUSE","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1741143209351660","article-title":"Introduction of formal performance appraisal of academic staff: The management challenges associated with effective implementation","volume":"38","author":"Egginton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Educational Management Administration & Leadership"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1002\/ase.2224","article-title":"\"Has pedagogy, technology, and Covid-19 killed the face-to-face lecture?","volume":"15","author":"Evans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anatomical Sciences Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.638898","article-title":"It\u2019s a challenge, not a threat: Lecturers\u2019 satisfaction during the COVID-19 summer semester of 2020","volume":"12","author":"Feldhammer-Kahr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib27","series-title":"The scholarship of teaching and learning: An evidence-based perspective","first-page":"93","article-title":"Identifying exemplary teachers and teaching: Evidence from student ratings","author":"Feldman","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1080\/02619768.2020.1824253","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on teacher education","volume":"43","author":"Flores","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Journal of Teacher Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib29","article-title":"CHLOE 8: Student demand moves higher ed toward a multi-modal future","author":"Garrett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Quality Matters Eduventures Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib30","first-page":"453","article-title":"Transformation of Israeli teacher-training colleges: From teaching to research institutions","volume":"12","author":"Giladi","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Higher Education"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3467(07)60142-6","article-title":"Writing narrative literature reviews for peer-reviewed journals: Secrets of the trade","volume":"5","author":"Greenn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Chiropractic Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-022-00867-z","article-title":"It\u2019s where learning and teaching begins-is this relationship\u201d\u2014insights on the teacher-student relationship at university from the teachers\u2019 perspective","volume":"85","author":"Hagenauer","year":"2023","journal-title":"High Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1080\/03054985.2014.921613","article-title":"Teacher\u2013student relationship at university: An important yet under-researched field","volume":"40","author":"Hagenauer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oxford Review of Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1080\/00313831.2021.2021444","article-title":"Transition to distance education in 2020 \u2013 challenges among university faculty in Sweden","volume":"67","author":"Hietanen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s44217-024-00114-w","article-title":"Exploring the opportunities and challenges of ChatGPT in academia","volume":"3","author":"Islam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discover Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib36","unstructured":"S.C. o Israel, \"Higher education: Teaching quality model (Report No. 301). State Comptroller and Ombudsman of Israel,\" 2025, October."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci11030139","article-title":"\"Lecturer readiness for online classes during the pandemic: A survey research","volume":"11","author":"Junus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci12090607","article-title":"A latent class analysis of university lecturers\u2019 switch to online teaching during the First COVID-19 lockdown: The role of educational technology, self-efficacy, and institutiona lSupport","volume":"12","author":"Kaqinari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib39","unstructured":"D. Kirkpatrick and J.D. Kirkpatrick, \"The Kirkpatrick four levels,\" Kirkpatrick Partners, 2011."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1353\/csd.0.0137","article-title":"Role of student\u2013faculty interactions in developing college students' academic self-concept, motivation, and achievement","volume":"51","author":"Komarraju","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of College Student Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.2307\/973677","article-title":"The science of muddling through","volume":"19","author":"Lindblom","year":"1959","journal-title":"Public Administration Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib42","first-page":"226","article-title":"\"Teaching amidst turmoil: Challenges for online higher education in Ukraine from the teachers\u2019 perspective","volume":"21","author":"Loboda","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib43","unstructured":"C. Marshall and G.B. Rossman, \"Designing qualitative research,\" Sage Publications, 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci14080819","article-title":"COVID-19 and digital transformation in higher education: A systematic literature review within a social justice framework","volume":"14","author":"Matsieli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s10671-021-09290-0","article-title":"Measures and features of teacher effectiveness evaluation: Perspectives from Iranian EFL lecturers","volume":"21","author":"Mazandarani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Educational Research for Policy and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib46","unstructured":"N. Muscanell, \"2023 Faculty and Technology Report: A first look at teaching preferences since the pandemic,\" EDUCAUSE, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/1477971420947738","article-title":"Reimagining higher education during and post COVID-19: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"27","author":"Neuwirth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Adult and Continuing Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.25304\/rlt.v33.3353","article-title":"How do higher education staff understand the terms hybrid, hyflex and blended learning?Choice, modality and uncertainty","author":"Nordmann","year":"2025","journal-title":"Res Learn Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1080\/09518398.2024.2388673","article-title":"A qualitative study to understand the benefits and difficulties of virtual teaching and learning: The perspectives of students and faculty","volume":"38","author":"Ocloo","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib50","unstructured":"OECD, \"Education Policy Outlook\u2014Post-pandemic trends in teaching and learning,\" OECD, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib51","article-title":"21st-Century workplace challenges: Perspectives and implications for relationships in new era organizations","author":"Rabenu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lexington Books"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L. Richards and J.M. Morse, \"Readme First for a User's Guide to Qualitative Methods,\" 3rd ed., Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, 2013.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781071909898"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12525-021-00501-3","article-title":"On the stress potential of videoconferencing: Definition and root causes of Zoom fatigue","volume":"32","author":"Riedl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Electronic Markets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.B. Rossman and S.F. Rallis, \"Learning in the field: An introduction to qualitative research,\" Sage, 2016.","DOI":"10.4135\/9781071802694"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib55","first-page":"127","article-title":"Marketing standpoints of international students","author":"Shkoler","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Student Mobil and Access to High Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib56","unstructured":"D. Silverman, \" Doing qualitative research,\" 3rd Edition. London: Sage, 2010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.2307\/1884852","article-title":"A behavioral model of rational choice","volume":"69","author":"Simon","year":"1955","journal-title":"The Quarterly Journal of Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib58","series-title":"The new Palgrave: A dictionary of economics","article-title":"Satisficing","author":"Simon","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11092-019-09294-8","article-title":"Top-down and bottom-up approaches to improve educational quality: their intended and unintended consequences","volume":"31","author":"Skedsmo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Educational Assess Evaluation and Account"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/feduc.2022.762766","article-title":"Linking high school students\u2019 achievement goal orientations with their competence beliefs and their perception of teachers\u2019 emotional support during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2019.07.039","article-title":"Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines","volume":"104","author":"Snyder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.5465\/amj.2006.22083020","article-title":"From the editors: What grounded theory is not","volume":"49","author":"Suddaby","year":"2006","journal-title":"Academy of Management J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-020-0678-8","article-title":"Coronavirus pushes education online","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Materials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.18844\/cjes.v15i5.5151","article-title":"Implementation of distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in faculty of education and teacher training","volume":"15","author":"Sutiah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cypriot Journal of Educational Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1108\/GKMC-05-2021-0087","article-title":"University lecturers acceptance of moodle platform in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"72","author":"Taamneh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Global Knowledge Memory and Communication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1108\/JEA-09-2020-0198","article-title":"Cracking culture of resource allocation within a national reform implementation","volume":"59","author":"Tamir","year":"2021","journal-title":"of Educational Administration"},{"issue":"79","key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib67","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fostering Resilience in Higher Education: Middle Management Strategies for Institutional Survival","volume":"4","author":"Tamir","year":"2025","journal-title":"Highee Education Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.J. Taylor, R. Bogdan and M.L. DeVault, \"Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource,\" 4th ed., Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2016.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394260485"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci11080446","article-title":"Higher education during the pandemic: The predictive factors of learning effectiveness in COVID-19 online learning","volume":"11","author":"Tsang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Education Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10734-022-00906-9","article-title":"A meta-synthesis on academic identity in the neoliberal context of academy","volume":"86","author":"T\u00fcl\u00fcba\u015f","year":"2023","journal-title":"High Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib71","unstructured":"Tyton Partners, \"Time for Class 2023: Bridging student and faculty perspectives on digital learning,\" Tyton Partners, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Tziner and A.E. Rabenu, \"Improving Performance Appraisal at Work: Evolution and Change,\" Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, 2018.","DOI":"10.4337\/9781788115216"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib73","first-page":"121","article-title":"Employees of greatness: Signifying values in performance appraisal criteria","volume":"11","author":"Ulfsdotter-Eriksson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s11162-004-1598-1","article-title":"Faculty do matter: The role of college faculty in student learning and engagement","volume":"46","author":"Umbach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Research in Higher Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib75","unstructured":"UNESCO, \"Education in emergencies: Distance modalities and resilience,\" UNESCO, Paris, 2025."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1080\/00131911.2017.1363718","article-title":"Let me entertain you: The ambivalent role of university","volume":"71","author":"Wong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Educational Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23805","article-title":"Online lessons of human anatomy: Experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"35","author":"Zarcone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib78","first-page":"223","article-title":"Continuity of learning in Ukrainian universities during the Russian invasion: Challenges and strategies","volume":"71","author":"Zayachuk","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Review of Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3390\/jrfm13030055","article-title":"Suspending classes without stopping learning: China\u2019s education emergency management policy in the COVID-19 outbreak","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Risk and Financial Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10833-021-09417-3","article-title":"The changes we need: Education post-COVID-19","volume":"22","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Educational Change"}],"container-title":["Evaluation and Program Planning"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149718926000212?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149718926000212?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T20:22:23Z","timestamp":1781122943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0149718926000212"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["S0149718926000212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-7189"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-7189","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"How did the transition toward virtual education change lecturers\u2019 appraisal forms?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Evaluation and Program Planning","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.evalprogplan.2026.102771","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102771"}}