{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T06:59:59Z","timestamp":1774421999379,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5 T32 EY 7043-25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 T32 EY 7043-25"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY12392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY12392"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,22]],"date-time":"2007-06-22T07:22:43Z","timestamp":1182496963000},"page":"431-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The albino chick as a model for studying ocular developmental anomalies, including refractive errors, associated with albinism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Jodi","family":"Rymer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Choh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shrikant","family":"Bharadwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Varuna","family":"Padmanabhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Modilevsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Jovanovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huanxian","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine F.","family":"Wildsoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(91)90063-B","article-title":"Visual resolution limits in human albinism","volume":"31","author":"Abadi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(89)90044-4","article-title":"Dopa and oxygen inhibit proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells in vitro","volume":"49","author":"Akeo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib3","first-page":"515","article-title":"Efficacy of spectacles in persons with albinism","volume":"8","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Assoc. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)33493-3","article-title":"Possible involvement of proteolytic degradation of tyrosinase in the regulatory effect of fatty acids on melanogenesis","volume":"40","author":"Ando","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.54.10.778","article-title":"High quality RNA isolation from tumors with low cellularity and high extracellular matrix component for cDNA microarrays: application to chondrosarcoma","volume":"54","author":"Baelde","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800001565","article-title":"Constant light affects retinal dopamine levels and blocks deprivation myopia but not lens-induced refractive errors in chickens","volume":"11","author":"Bartmann","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-148-38721","article-title":"Dimensional and physiological lesions in the chick eye as influenced by the light environment","volume":"148","author":"Chiu","year":"1975","journal-title":"Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib7","article-title":"Colchicine attenuates the minus lens but not plus lens compensation in chick","volume":"46","author":"Choh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib8","first-page":"545","article-title":"An experimental study of the avian visual system","volume":"95","author":"Cowan","year":"1961","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1126\/science.684419","article-title":"Visual system anomalies in human ocular albinos","volume":"201","author":"Creel","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6716","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.19.6716","article-title":"Calcium binding in pigmented and albino eyes","volume":"82","author":"Drager","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00178-3","article-title":"Colchicinecauses excessive ocular growth and myopia in chicks","volume":"39","author":"Fischer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1017\/S095252380118209X","article-title":"Rod photopigment deficits in albinos are specific to mammals and arise during retinal development","volume":"18","author":"Grant","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902260203","article-title":"Abnormal central visual pathways in the brain of an albino green monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops)","volume":"226","author":"Guillery","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib13","first-page":"467","article-title":"Albinism. Recent advances","volume":"100","author":"Jay","year":"1980","journal-title":"Trans. Ophthalmol. Soc. U. K."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(96)10080-1","article-title":"The albino retina: an abnormality that provides insight into normal retinal development","volume":"20","author":"Jeffery","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"issue":"Pt 3b","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1998.137","article-title":"The retinal pigment epithelium as a developmental regulator of the neural retina","volume":"12","author":"Jeffery","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1994.tb00311.x","article-title":"Melanin and the regulation of mammalian photoreceptor topography","volume":"6","author":"Jeffery","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903260410","article-title":"Translaminar deficits in the retinae of albinos","volume":"326","author":"Jeffery","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00227278","article-title":"Is abnormal retinal development in albinism only a mammalian problem? Normality of a hypopigmented avian retina","volume":"100","author":"Jeffery","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib19","first-page":"422","article-title":"Might the refractive state in oculocutaneous albino patients be a clue for distinguishing between tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-negative forms of oculocutaneous albinism?","volume":"5","author":"Kasmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ger. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.97.6.928","article-title":"Optokinetic nystagmus in progressive retinal degeneration","volume":"97","author":"Komenda","year":"1983","journal-title":"Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1993.1080","article-title":"A comparison of phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelium in normal and delayed amelanotic chickens","volume":"56","author":"Lahiri","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03657.x","article-title":"Ectopic expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the pigmented epithelium rescues the retinal abnormalities and visual function common in albinos in the absence of melanin","volume":"96","author":"Lavado","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-199203210-00015","article-title":"Albinism","volume":"32","author":"McHam","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol. Clin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib24","first-page":"11","article-title":"Detailed histopathologic charachterization of the retinopathy, globe enlarged (rge) chick phenotype","volume":"11","author":"Montiani-Ferreira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688509000850","article-title":"Biochemical and physiological effects of S-32-468, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist with possible oculoselectivity","volume":"4","author":"Nathanson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1994.tb00629.x","article-title":"Analysis of tyrosinase mutations associated with tyrosinase-related oculocutaneous albinism (OCA1)","volume":"7","author":"Oetting","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pigm. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131S","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12399447","article-title":"Molecular basis of oculocutaneous albinism","volume":"103","author":"Oetting","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib28","first-page":"5","article-title":"Albinism and the associated ocular defects","volume":"17","author":"Oetting","year":"1994","journal-title":"Metab. Pediatr. Syst. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199208000-00005","article-title":"Vision defects in albinism","volume":"69","author":"Perez-Carpinell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1994.1192","article-title":"Blue-light-induced dysfunction of the blood-retinal barrier at the pigment epithelium in albino versus pigmented rabbits","volume":"58","author":"Putting","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4249","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-11-04249.2002","article-title":"Spatiotemporal features of early neuronogenesis differ in wild-type and albino mouse retina","volume":"22","author":"Rachel","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523805223015","article-title":"The role of the retinal pigment epithelium in\u00a0eye growth regulation and myopia: a review","volume":"22","author":"Rymer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1054\/ceca.2000.0111","article-title":"Calcium uptake, release and ryanodine binding in melanosomes from retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"27","author":"Salceda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800002637","article-title":"Diurnal control of rod function in the chicken","volume":"6","author":"Schaeffel","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689609008911","article-title":"Validation of laser Doppler interferometric measurements in vivo of axial eye length and thickness of fundus layers in chicks","volume":"15","author":"Schmid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.2000.0834","article-title":"Timolol lowers intraocular pressure but does not inhibit the development of experimental myopia in chick","volume":"70","author":"Schmid","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1997.96000403.x","article-title":"The sensitivity of the chick eye to refractive defocus","volume":"17","author":"Schmid","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(97)00446-X","article-title":"Assessment of visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in the chick using an optokinetic nystagmus paradigm","volume":"38","author":"Schmid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0749.2001.140403.x","article-title":"Ocular albinism type 1: more than meets the eye","volume":"14","author":"Shen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pigm. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib40","series-title":"Myopia and Near Work","first-page":"57","article-title":"Environmentally induced refractive errors in animals","author":"Smith","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.2.704","article-title":"Retinal dopamine and form-deprivation myopia","volume":"86","author":"Stone","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9975(84)90026-4","article-title":"Histopathological changes of the retina and optic nerve in the albino mutant quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","volume":"94","author":"Takatsuji","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib43","article-title":"Retinal image degradation by optical aberrations and light scatter in normal and albino chick eyes","volume":"6426","author":"Tian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/79.1.46","article-title":"Autosomal albino chicken mutation (ca\/ca) deletes hexanucleotide (-deltaGACTGG817) at a copper-binding site of the tyrosinase gene","volume":"79","author":"Tobita-Teramoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib44","article-title":"The role of retinal image contrast in eye growth modulation in chicks","volume":"46","author":"Tran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688709034870","article-title":"Visual deprivation causes myopia in chicks with optic nerve section","volume":"6","author":"Troilo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523801184105","article-title":"Development of postreceptoral function in pigmented and albino guinea pigs","volume":"18","author":"Vingrys","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(89)32662-5","article-title":"Electroretinographic findings in human oculocutaneous albinism","volume":"96","author":"Wack","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib48","first-page":"299","article-title":"Visual system degeneration in the glaucomatous albino quail","volume":"29","author":"Weidner","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Hirnforsch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib49","article-title":"The effect of albinism on emmetropization. A study using chickens as animal model for human albinism","volume":"43","author":"Wildsoet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Albinism: its implications for refractive development","volume":"41","author":"Wildsoet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib51","first-page":"311","article-title":"Kainic acid-induced eye enlargement in chickens: differential effects on anterior and posterior segments","volume":"29","author":"Wildsoet","year":"1988","journal-title":"Investig. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00958.2003","article-title":"Light-evoked responses of the mouse retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"91","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483507001650?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483507001650?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T04:51:23Z","timestamp":1757998283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483507001650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0014483507001650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The albino chick as a model for studying ocular developmental anomalies, including refractive errors, associated with albinism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2007.06.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}