{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T08:15:27Z","timestamp":1782202527422,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559692800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":277,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY019287"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY019287"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 EY02687"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 EY02687"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009784","name":"Starr Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009784","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Carl Marshall Reeves and Mildred Almen Reeves Foundation"},{"name":"Bill and Emily Kuzma Family Gift"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jeffrey Fort Innovation Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001642","name":"Glenn Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Macula Society Cox Research Award"},{"name":"Thome Foundation"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences of Washington University School of Medicine"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Washington University in St. Louis Medical Scientist Training Program","award":["T32 GM07200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 GM07200"]}]},{"name":"VitreoRetinal Surgery Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 GM07200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 GM07200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002345"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TL1 TR002344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TL1 TR002344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T05:51:34Z","timestamp":1527832294000},"page":"107-112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["WNT7A\/B promote choroidal neovascularization"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Joseph B.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Sene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luke A.","family":"Wiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Santeford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Nudleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rei","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan B.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harsh V.","family":"Moolani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajendra S.","family":"Apte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e310","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030310","article-title":"Macrophages inhibit neovascularization in a murine model of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"3","author":"Apte","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/1.7.461","article-title":"Mutations in the candidate gene for Norrie disease","volume":"1","author":"Berger","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1093-180","article-title":"A mutation in the Norrie disease gene (NDP) associated with X-linked familial exudative vitreoretinopathy","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2007.0614","article-title":"Effect of senescence on macrophage polarization and angiogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Dace","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rejuvenation Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805165106","article-title":"Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling is required for CNS, but not non-CNS, angiogenesis","volume":"106","author":"Daneman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2147\/EB.S94452","article-title":"Wnt signaling pathway in retinal vascularization","volume":"8","author":"Drenser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.111.091769","article-title":"Postnatal deletion of Wnt7a inhibits uterine gland morphogenesis and compromises adult fertility in mice","volume":"85","author":"Dunlap","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"issue":"123","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib8","first-page":"1570","article-title":"A simplified severity scale for age-related macular degeneration: AREDS Report No. 18","volume":"1960","author":"Ferris","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthalmol. Chic. Ill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.117.013896","article-title":"WNT signaling in cardiac and vascular disease","volume":"70","author":"Foulquier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4161\/org.4.2.5850","article-title":"Wnt signaling in eye organogenesis","volume":"4","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Organogenesis"},{"issue":"138","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib11","article-title":"WNT\/\u03b2-Catenin signaling in vertebrate eye development","volume":"4","author":"Fujimura","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1258\/0023677011911525","article-title":"A simple polymerase chain reaction assay for genotyping the retinal degeneration mutation (Pdeb(rd1)) in FVB\/N-derived transgenic mice","volume":"35","author":"Gim\u00e9nez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lab. Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10281","article-title":"Pathogenic role of the Wnt signaling pathway activation in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization","volume":"54","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1086\/425080","article-title":"Autosomal recessive familial exudative vitreoretinopathy is associated with mutations in LRP5","volume":"75","author":"Jiao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4233","article-title":"Can we safely target the WNT pathway?","volume":"13","author":"Kahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3421","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32430","article-title":"Senescence regulates macrophage activation and angiogenic fate at sites of tissue injury in mice","volume":"117","author":"Kelly","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2015.48.9.140","article-title":"Wnt5a attenuates the pathogenic effects of the Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway in human retinal pigment epithelial cells via down-regulating \u03b2-catenin and Snail","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMB Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.4161\/org.4.2.5851","article-title":"Wnt signal transduction pathways","volume":"4","author":"Komiya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Organogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2008.0169","article-title":"Wnt-signaling in retinal development and disease","volume":"18","author":"Lad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.135","article-title":"Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization model to study age-related macular degeneration in mice","volume":"8","author":"Lambert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.120157","article-title":"Macrophage microRNA-150 promotes pathological angiogenesis as seen in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"3","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03928","article-title":"WNT7b mediates macrophage-induced programmed cell death in patterning of the vasculature","volume":"437","author":"Lobov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.113126","article-title":"The Wnt signaling pathway in development and disease","volume":"20","author":"Logan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib24","first-page":"2921","article-title":"The Rd8 mutation of the Crb1 gene is present in vendor lines of C57BL\/6N mice and embryonic stem cells, and confounds ocular induced mutant phenotypes. Invest. Ophthalmol","volume":"53","author":"Mattapallil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"7847","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib25","article-title":"IL10-driven STAT3 signalling in senescent macrophages promotes pathological eye angiogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Nakamura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2009.12.016","article-title":"Next-generation sequencing of a 40 Mb linkage interval reveals TSPAN12 mutations in patients with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy","volume":"86","author":"Nikopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.21250","article-title":"Overview of the mutation spectrum in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and Norrie disease with identification of 21 novel variants in FZD4, LRP5, and NDP","volume":"31","author":"Nikopoulos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2017.05.001","article-title":"Defects in the cell signaling mediator \u03b2-catenin cause the retinal vascular condition FEVR","volume":"100","author":"Panagiotou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2001.0373","article-title":"Wnt7b regulates placental development in mice","volume":"237","author":"Parr","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.06.003","article-title":"Animal models of age related macular degeneration","volume":"33","author":"Pennesi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Aspect. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2010.01.012","article-title":"Mutations in TSPAN12 cause autosomal-dominant familial exudative vitreoretinopathy","volume":"86","author":"Poulter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"1263","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib32","article-title":"Sci. Rep","volume":"7","author":"Qiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Decreased Circulating Levels of Dickkopf-1 in Patients with Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/ng957","article-title":"Mutant frizzled-4 disrupts retinal angiogenesis in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy","volume":"32","author":"Robitaille","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.009","article-title":"Impaired cholesterol efflux in senescent macrophages promotes age-related macular degeneration","volume":"17","author":"Sene","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69552","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069552","article-title":"Choroid sprouting assay: an ex vivo model of microvascular angiogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Shao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1164594","article-title":"Canonical Wnt signaling regulates organ-specific assembly and differentiation of CNS vasculature","volume":"322","author":"Stenman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1086\/383202","article-title":"Mutations in LRP5 or FZD4 underlie the common familial exudative vitreoretinopathy locus on chromosome 11q","volume":"74","author":"Toomes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"330","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib38","article-title":"Wnt signaling in age-related macular degeneration: human macular tissue and mouse model","volume":"13","author":"Tuo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-017-0947-4","article-title":"Aerobic glycolysis hypothesis through WNT\/beta-catenin pathway in exudative age-related macular degeneration","volume":"62","author":"Vall\u00e9e","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci. MN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.10.042","article-title":"Norrin\/Frizzled4 signaling in retinal vascular development and blood brain barrier plasticity","volume":"151","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00216-8","article-title":"Vascular development in the retina and inner ear: control by Norrin and Frizzled-4, a high-affinity ligand-receptor pair","volume":"116","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.07.047","article-title":"Norrin, frizzled-4, and Lrp5 signaling in endothelial cells controls a genetic program for retinal vascularization","volume":"139","author":"Ye","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.304","article-title":"Wnt signaling in cancer","volume":"36","author":"Zhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4371","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4278","article-title":"The pathogenic role of the canonical Wnt pathway in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"51","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483518303154?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483518303154?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T04:58:13Z","timestamp":1757998693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483518303154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0014483518303154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"WNT7A\/B promote choroidal neovascularization","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2018.05.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}