{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T14:53:00Z","timestamp":1787237580187,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684454400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":322,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08EY031755"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08EY031755"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007126","name":"Syracuse University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007126","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007826","name":"American Glaucoma Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]],"date-time":"2022-05-04T20:56:44Z","timestamp":1651697804000},"page":"109102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Engineering a 3D hydrogel system to study optic nerve head astrocyte morphology and behavior"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"220","author":[{"given":"Ana N.","family":"Strat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Kirschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayushi","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Bagu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Herberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5736-7485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Preethi S.","family":"Ganapathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.09.035","article-title":"Application of UVA-riboflavin crosslinking to enhance the mechanical properties of extracellular matrix derived hydrogels","volume":"54","author":"Ahearne","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib2","series-title":"Engineering a Thixotropic and Biochemically Tunable Hyaluronan and Collagen Bioink for Biofabrication of Multiple Tissue Construct Types","author":"Aleman","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10300","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10300","article-title":"Social and novel contexts modify hippocampal CA2 representations of space","volume":"7","author":"Alexander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270988","article-title":"Role of astrocyte-synapse interactions in CNS disorders","volume":"595","author":"Blanco-Suarez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib5","article-title":"Towards optic nerve head on a chip: a tool for understanding glaucomatous optic neuropathy","volume":"60","author":"Boazak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2015.02.024","article-title":"Mechanical properties of gray and white matter brain tissue by indentation","volume":"46","author":"Budday","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.06.024","article-title":"Rheological characterization of human brain tissue","volume":"60","author":"Budday","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01184071","article-title":"Three-dimensional morphology of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the intact mouse optic nerve","volume":"23","author":"Butt","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurocytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3839","article-title":"A practical guide to hydrogels for cell culture","volume":"13","author":"Caliari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.06.014","article-title":"Isolation of intact astrocytes from the optic nerve head of adult mice","volume":"137","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3484","article-title":"Emerging roles of astrocytes in neural circuit development","volume":"14","author":"Clarke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1896","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1800165115","article-title":"Normal aging induces A1-like astrocyte reactivity","volume":"115","author":"Clarke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0542-0","article-title":"Astrocyte remodeling without gliosis precedes optic nerve Axonopathy","volume":"6","author":"Cooper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18810","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2009425117","article-title":"Redistribution of metabolic resources through astrocyte networks mitigates neurodegenerative stress","volume":"117","author":"Cooper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.08.004","article-title":"Glaucomatous cupping of the lamina cribrosa: a review of the evidence for active progressive remodeling as a mechanism","volume":"93","author":"Crawford Downs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-00783-4","article-title":"Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions","volume":"24","author":"Escartin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib17","article-title":"Morphometric analysis of rat optic nerve head (ONH) astrocytes grown in a 3D cell culture system","volume":"62","author":"Foltz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmat.2011.07.004","article-title":"Lamina cribrosa thickening in early glaucoma predicted by a microstructure motivated growth and remodeling approach","volume":"44","author":"Grytz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mech. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-015-0224-4","article-title":"Riboflavin-induced photo-crosslinking of collagen hydrogel and its application in meniscus tissue engineering","volume":"6","author":"Heo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16895","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16895","article-title":"Biophysical regulation of chromatin architecture instills a mechanical memory in mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"5","author":"Heo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(99)00017-8","article-title":"The optic nerve head in glaucoma: role of astrocytes in tissue remodeling","volume":"19","author":"Hernandez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(86)90134-0","article-title":"Extracellular matrix of the human optic nerve head","volume":"102","author":"Hernandez","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib23","first-page":"78","article-title":"Cell culture of the human lamina cribrosa","volume":"29","author":"Hernandez","year":"1988","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200706181","article-title":"Axons of retinal ganglion cells are insulted in the optic nerve early in DBA\/2J glaucoma","volume":"179","author":"Howell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41427-021-00304-0","article-title":"Matrix stiffness changes affect astrocyte phenotype in an in vitro injury model","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"NPG Asia Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-3213-x","article-title":"Scleral cross-linking by riboflavin and blue light application in young rabbits: damage threshold and eye growth inhibition","volume":"254","author":"Iseli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.08.004","article-title":"Statins reduce TGF-beta2-modulation of the extracellular matrix in cultured astrocytes of the human optic nerve head","volume":"164","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244123","article-title":"The role of aquaporin-4 in optic nerve head astrocytes in experimental glaucoma","volume":"16","author":"Kimball","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108791","article-title":"Mechanosensitive channel inhibition attenuates TGFbeta2-induced actin cytoskeletal remodeling and reactivity in mouse optic nerve head astrocytes","volume":"212","author":"Kirschner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib30","article-title":"Regional mechanical strains in mouse astrocytic lamina and peripapillary sclera after chronic IOP elevation","volume":"61","author":"Korneva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2021.108472","article-title":"A tissue-engineered human trabecular meshwork hydrogel for advanced glaucoma disease modeling","volume":"205","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib32","article-title":"Extracellular Matrix Stiffness and TGFbeta2 Regulate YAP\/TAZ Activity in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21029","article-title":"Neurotoxic reactive astrocytes are induced by activated microglia","volume":"541","author":"Liddelow","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25863","article-title":"Characterizing the collagen network structure and pressure-induced strains of the human lamina cribrosa","volume":"60","author":"Ling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib35","series-title":"Polymer Chemistry","author":"Lodge","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10109","article-title":"Morphology of astrocytes in a glaucomatous optic nerve","volume":"54","author":"Lye-Barthel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.8b01356","article-title":"Pleural effusion aspirate for use in 3D lung cancer modeling and chemotherapy screening","volume":"5","author":"Mazzocchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/aae543","article-title":"Optimization of collagen type I-hyaluronan hybrid bioink for 3D bioprinted liver microenvironments","volume":"11","author":"Mazzocchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.08.005","article-title":"Pathophysiology of human glaucomatous optic nerve damage: insights from rodent models of glaucoma","volume":"93","author":"Morrison","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-017-1967-5","article-title":"Development of a platform for studying 3D astrocyte mechanobiology: compression of astrocytes in collagen gels","volume":"46","author":"Mulvihill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0092762","article-title":"Osteopontin is induced by TGF-beta2 and regulates metabolic cell activity in cultured human optic nerve head astrocytes","volume":"9","author":"Neumann","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4707-08.2009","article-title":"Uniquely hominid features of adult human astrocytes","volume":"29","author":"Oberheim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.83.2.209","article-title":"Transforming growth factor beta isoforms in human optic nerve heads","volume":"83","author":"Pena","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9566","DOI":"10.1039\/D0TB01731K","article-title":"Rapid and cytocompatible cell-laden silk hydrogel formation via riboflavin-mediated crosslinking","volume":"8","author":"Piluso","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.11.046","article-title":"Human astrocytes develop physiological morphology and remain quiescent in a novel 3D matrix","volume":"42","author":"Placone","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-301132","article-title":"The role of transforming growth factor beta in glaucoma and the therapeutic implications","volume":"97","author":"Prendes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2021.10.006","article-title":"Dynamic self-reinforcement of gene expression determines acquisition of cellular mechanical memory","volume":"120","author":"Price","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-328X(00)00150-9","article-title":"Selective expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-180 in optic nerve head astrocytes exposed to elevated hydrostatic pressure in vitro","volume":"81","author":"Ricard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.73","article-title":"Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method","volume":"3","author":"Schmittgen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.05.005","article-title":"Predicted extension, compression and shearing of optic nerve head tissues","volume":"85","author":"Sigal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2014.03.005","article-title":"Mechanisms of astrocyte development and their contributions to neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"27","author":"Sloan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.21899","article-title":"Glaucoma in adults-screening, diagnosis, and management: a review","volume":"325","author":"Stein","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108271","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonist NLY01 reduces retinal inflammation and neuron death secondary to ocular hypertension","volume":"33","author":"Sterling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22058","article-title":"The morphology and spatial arrangement of astrocytes in the optic nerve head of the mouse","volume":"516","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20160412","article-title":"Optic nerve astrocyte reactivity protects function in experimental glaucoma and other nerve injuries","volume":"214","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0167364","article-title":"Astrocyte structural and molecular response to elevated intraocular pressure occurs rapidly and precedes axonal tubulin rearrangement within the optic nerve head in a rat model","volume":"11","author":"Tehrani","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25447","article-title":"Optic nerve head astrocytes display axon-dependent and -independent reactivity in response to acutely elevated intraocular pressure","volume":"60","author":"Tehrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.06.003","article-title":"Glia-neuron interactions in the mammalian retina","volume":"51","author":"Vecino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000627","article-title":"Targeting transforming growth factor-beta signaling in primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-20571","article-title":"Astrocytes in the optic nerve head of glaucomatous mice display a characteristic reactive phenotype","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3192","article-title":"The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma: a review","volume":"311","author":"Weinreb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)02220-1","article-title":"Riboflavin\/ultraviolet-a-induced collagen crosslinking for the treatment of keratoconus","volume":"135","author":"Wollensak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3889","article-title":"Mechanical memory and dosing influence stem cell fate","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102_bib64","first-page":"1745","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta2 increases extracellular matrix proteins in optic nerve head cells via activation of the Smad signaling pathway","volume":"17","author":"Zode","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483522001828?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483522001828?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T05:32:33Z","timestamp":1762147953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483522001828"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S0014483522001828"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Engineering a 3D hydrogel system to study optic nerve head astrocyte morphology and behavior","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109102","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109102"}}