{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T18:39:38Z","timestamp":1789324778309,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018YFC1106000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFC1106000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T11:01:26Z","timestamp":1654513286000},"page":"109140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Tear film cytokines as prognostic indicators for predicting early recurrent pterygium"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"222","author":[{"given":"Qi","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengxia","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqi","family":"cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210701700602","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in primary and recurrent pterygium","volume":"17","author":"Adiguzel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib2","first-page":"563","article-title":"The role of heredity in pterygium development","volume":"7","author":"Anguria","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-13-6","article-title":"Over-expression of human cystatin C in pterygium versus healthy conjunctiva","volume":"13","author":"Barba-Gallardo","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1076\/ocii.11.2.115.15913","article-title":"The roles of T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), HLA-DR receptor, and mast cells in etiopathogenesis of pterygium","volume":"11","author":"Beden","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ocul. Immunol. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201202500307","article-title":"Immunohistochemical profile of VEGF, TGF-beta and PGE(2) in human pterygium and normal conjunctiva: experimental study and review of the literature","volume":"25","author":"Bianchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib6","first-page":"3430","article-title":"UVB-mediated induction of interleukin-6 and -8 in pterygia and cultured human pterygium epithelial cells","volume":"43","author":"Di Girolamo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib7","first-page":"671","article-title":"Expression of MMPs and TIMPs in human pterygia and cultured pterygium epithelial cells","volume":"41","author":"Di Girolamo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib8","first-page":"522","article-title":"Clinical analysis of risk factors contributing to recurrence of pterygium after excision and graft surgery","volume":"8","author":"Ha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib9","first-page":"892","article-title":"Semaphorin 7a participants in pterygium by regulating vascular endothelial growth factor","volume":"12","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000037","article-title":"Bevacizumab in the treatment of pterygium: a meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20194670","article-title":"Activation of the sphingosine 1 phosphate-rho pathway in pterygium and in ultraviolet-irradiated normal conjunctiva","volume":"20","author":"Igarashi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2014.01.001","article-title":"Surgical management of pterygium","volume":"12","author":"Janson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ocul. Surf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e227","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13176","article-title":"Role of artificial tears in reducing the recurrence of pterygium after surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"95","author":"Kampitak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.08.002","article-title":"Randomized trial of pterygium surgery with mitomycin C application using conjunctival autograft versus conjunctival-limbal autograft","volume":"119","author":"Kheirkhah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib15","article-title":"Inhibition of pterygium fibroblast migration and outgrowth by bevacizumab and cyclosporine A involves down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases-3 and -13","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2020.1788102","article-title":"Rete ridges in eyelid margin and inflammatory cytokines in meibomian gland dysfunction associated with dry eye symptom","volume":"46","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702186","article-title":"Tear function and goblet cell density after pterygium excision","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S238016","article-title":"Astigmatic outcomes of single, non-paired intrastromal limbal relaxing incisions during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery based on a custom nomogram","volume":"14","author":"Lim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib19","first-page":"166","article-title":"Lymphatic microvessel density as a predictive marker for the recurrence time of pterygium: a three-year follow-up study","volume":"19","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003787","article-title":"Geographical prevalence and risk factors for pterygium: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181a16578","article-title":"Analysis of inflammatory cytokines in the tears of dry eye patients","volume":"28","author":"Massingale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S186543","article-title":"How to minimize pterygium recurrence rates: clinical perspectives","volume":"12","author":"Nuzzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.10.11.13","article-title":"Comparison of corneal irregularity after recurrent and primary pterygium surgery using fourier harmonic analysis","volume":"10","author":"Ono","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65376-4","article-title":"Long-term changes and effect of pterygium size on corneal topographic irregularity after recurrent pterygium surgery","volume":"10","author":"Ono","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.02.026","article-title":"Efficacy of subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil and triamcinolone injection in impending recurrent pterygium","volume":"113","author":"Prabhasawat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.03.001","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of pterygium: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Rezvan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib27","article-title":"Pterygium: an update on pathophysiology, clinical features, and management","volume":"13","author":"Shahraki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib28","first-page":"2154","article-title":"Regulation of collagenase, stromelysin, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator in primary pterygium body fibroblasts by inflammatory cytokines","volume":"41","author":"Solomon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4598173","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab in the treatment of pterygium: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100160405001","article-title":"Effect of pterygium morphology on pterygium recurrence in a controlled trial comparing conjunctival autografting with bare sclera excision","volume":"115","author":"Tan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000493544","article-title":"Dry-eye disease in recurrent pterygium","volume":"61","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120945903","article-title":"Bcl-2, p53, and Ki-67 expression in pterygium and normal conjunctiva and their relationship with pterygium recurrence","volume":"30","author":"Turan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/863498","article-title":"Effect of pterygium surgery on tear osmolarity","author":"Turkyilmaz","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071567","article-title":"Pterygium-the good, the bad, and the ugly","volume":"10","author":"Van Acker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9416262","article-title":"Pterygium pathology: a prospective case-control study on tear film cytokine levels","author":"Van Acker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1159\/000321531","article-title":"Changes of tear film function after pterygium operation","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8327","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12132","article-title":"Tear cytokine profile as a noninvasive biomarker of inflammation for ocular surface diseases: standard operating procedures","volume":"54","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-019-01174-8","article-title":"Tear inflammatory cytokines and ocular surface changes in patients with active thyroid eye disease treated with high-dose intravenous glucocorticoids","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632017742505","article-title":"Local pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide responses are elevated in patients with pterygium","volume":"30","author":"Zidi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483522002202?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483522002202?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T05:32:44Z","timestamp":1762147964000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483522002202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0014483522002202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Tear film cytokines as prognostic indicators for predicting early recurrent pterygium","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2022.109140","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109140"}}