{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T19:31:08Z","timestamp":1793043068077,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T11:15:52Z","timestamp":1690888552000},"page":"109610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["N-Acetylcysteine amide (NACA) and diNACA inhibit H2O2-induced cataract formation ex vivo in pig and rat lenses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"234","author":[{"given":"R.M.","family":"Martis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.C.","family":"Grey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.M.","family":"Wall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.J.","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6307-7297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.C.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-021-03211-z","article-title":"Comparing N-acetylcysteine and 4-methylpyrazole as antidotes for acetaminophen overdose","volume":"96","author":"Akakpo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.03889.x","article-title":"A novel thiol antioxidant that crosses the blood brain barrier protects dopaminergic neurons in experimental models of Parkinson's disease","volume":"21","author":"Bahat-Stroomza","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2008.2119","article-title":"Oxidative stress, lens gap junctions, and cataracts","volume":"11","author":"Berthoud","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antioxidants Redox Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e339","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70113-X","article-title":"Vision Loss Expert (2013) Causes of vision loss worldwide, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis","volume":"1","author":"Bourne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib5","first-page":"249","article-title":"Cataract blindness: challenges for the 21st century","volume":"79","author":"Brian","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.12.017","article-title":"In vivo inhibition of l-buthionine-(S, R)-sulfoximine-induced cataracts by a novel antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine amide","volume":"50","author":"Carey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.66.1.35","article-title":"Prevalence and aetiology of cataract in Punjab","volume":"66","author":"Chatterjee","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib8","article-title":"Compared with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA) provides increased protection of cone function in a model of retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"55","author":"Dong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2008.08.006","article-title":"Glutathione: overview of its protective roles, measurement, and biosynthesis","volume":"30","author":"Forman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Aspect. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2000.16.121","article-title":"Glutathione: a vital lens antioxidant","volume":"16","author":"Giblin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Ocul. Pharmacol. Therapeut."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.06.039","article-title":"Smoking and cataract: review of causal association","volume":"31","author":"Kelly","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cataract Refract. Surg."},{"issue":"43","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib13","first-page":"695","article-title":"Cataract surgery with implantation of an artificial lens","volume":"106","author":"Kohnen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Deutsch. \u00c4rztebl. Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000910","article-title":"Advances in drug therapy and delivery for cataract treatment","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.22508","article-title":"N\u2010acetylcysteine promotes long\u2010term survival of cones in a model of retinitis pigmentosa","volume":"226","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0156","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the cystine\/glutamate exchanger and the excitatory amino acid transporters in the rat lens","volume":"46","author":"Lim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2006.01.028","article-title":"Molecular identification and characterisation of the glycine transporter (GLYT1) and the glutamine\/glutamate transporter (ASCT2) in the rat lens","volume":"83","author":"Lim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.09.002","article-title":"Molecular identification and cellular localization of a potential transport system involved in cystine\/cysteine uptake in human lenses","volume":"116","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19142","article-title":"Characterization of the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on the biochemical and optical properties of the bovine lens","volume":"57","author":"Lim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(03)00050-8","article-title":"Redox regulation in the lens","volume":"22","author":"Lou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689508995135","article-title":"Further studies on the dynamic changes of glutathione and protein-thiol mixed disulfides in H2O2 induced cataract in rat lenses: distributions and effect of aging","volume":"14","author":"Lou","year":"1995","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib22","series-title":"Effects of N-Acetylcysteine Amide in Preventing\/treating Cataracts","author":"Maddirala","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.02.006","article-title":"N-acetylcysteineamide protects against manganese-induced toxicity in SHSY5Y cell line","volume":"1608","author":"Maddirala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-017-0443-1","article-title":"Prevention and reversal of selenite-induced cataracts by N-acetylcysteine amide in Wistar rats","volume":"17","author":"Maddirala","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2004.02428.x","article-title":"A low molecular weight copper chelator crosses the blood\u2013brain barrier and attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"89","author":"Offen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2011.02326.x","article-title":"The prevalence of cataract in a population with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"90","author":"Olafsdottir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000243","article-title":"Overweight, obesity, and age-related cataract: a meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Pan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.06.029","article-title":"The presence of a transsulfuration pathway in the lens: a new oxidative stress defense system","volume":"79","author":"Persa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90127-G","article-title":"Glutathione and its function in the lens\u2014an overview","volume":"50","author":"Reddy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.04.016","article-title":"The chemistry and biological activities of N-acetylcysteine","volume":"1830","author":"Samuni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Gen. Subj."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2013.781595","article-title":"N-Acetylcysteine amide: a derivative to fulfill the promises of N-Acetylcysteine","volume":"47","author":"Sunitha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4236\/abc.2014.41005","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine amide protects against dexamethasone-induced cataract related changes in cultured rat lenses","author":"Tobwala","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2004.12.007","article-title":"Age-related nuclear cataract - oxidation is the key","volume":"80","author":"Truscott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.10.010","article-title":"Functional characterisation of glutathione export from the rat lens","volume":"166","author":"Umapathy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib35","series-title":"Method for Preparation of N-Acetyl Cysteine Amide and Derivatives Thereof. US11548851B2 (United States)","author":"Wall","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1996.0251","article-title":"Relationship of protein-glutathione mixed disulfide and thioltransferase in H2O2-induced cataract in cultured pig lens","volume":"64","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.5.15","article-title":"Oxysterol compounds in mouse mutant \u03b1A-and \u03b1B-crystallin lenses can improve the optical properties of the lens","volume":"63","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802158","article-title":"A prospective study of the relationship between body mass index and cataract extraction among US women and men","volume":"26","author":"Weintraub","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3914","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19592","article-title":"Evidence of dual mechanisms of glutathione uptake in the rodent lens: a novel role for vitreous humor in lens glutathione homeostasis","volume":"58","author":"Whitson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-1960","article-title":"Advances in pharmacotherapy of cataracts","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3885","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9820","article-title":"Smoking and risk of age-related cataract: a meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Ye","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610_bib43","article-title":"A macrocyclic molecule with multiple antioxidative activities protects the lens from oxidative damage","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Chem."}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483523002312?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483523002312?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T05:35:36Z","timestamp":1762148136000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483523002312"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0014483523002312"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"N-Acetylcysteine amide (NACA) and diNACA inhibit H2O2-induced cataract formation ex vivo in pig and rat lenses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109610","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109610"}}