{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T12:26:25Z","timestamp":1783340785851,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017649","name":"Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25,103,918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25,103,918"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017649","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013093","name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JCYJ20210324130809025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20210324130809025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1-WZ24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1-WZ24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004377","name":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UAG4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UAG4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001704","name":"Uniting Against Lung Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001704","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010877","name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010877","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009707","name":"Electrochemical Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009707","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T02:10:55Z","timestamp":1708308655000},"page":"109834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The response of retinal ganglion cells to optical defocused visual stimuli in mouse retinas"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"241","author":[{"given":"Chunghim","family":"So","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunting","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De Lestrange-Anginieur","family":"Elie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5256-4380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E006","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523817000037","article-title":"Connexin 36 expression is required for electrical coupling between mouse rods and cones","volume":"34","author":"Asteriti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nature16468","article-title":"The functional diversity of retinal ganglion cells in the mouse","volume":"529","author":"Baden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E530","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9030530","article-title":"Defocused images change multineuronal firing patterns in the mouse retina","volume":"9","author":"Banerjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00124","article-title":"Increased Connexin36 phosphorylation in AII amacrine cell coupling of the mouse myopic retina","volume":"14","author":"Banerjee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2008.01.004","article-title":"Two models of experimental myopia in the mouse","volume":"48","author":"Barathi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902080306","article-title":"A physiological and morphological study of the horizontal cell types of the rabbit retina","volume":"208","author":"Bloomfield","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10972","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1241-13.2013","article-title":"Two-photon imaging of nonlinear glutamate release dynamics at bipolar cell synapses in the mouse retina","volume":"33","author":"Borghuis","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.09.016","article-title":"Retinal stretching limits peripheral visual acuity in myopia","volume":"45","author":"Chui","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.02.017","article-title":"Subtype-specific regeneration of retinal ganglion cells following axotomy: effects of osteopontin and mTOR signaling","volume":"85","author":"Duan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4852","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-13-04852.2001","article-title":"Synaptic currents generating the inhibitory surround of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina","volume":"21","author":"Flores-Herr","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(95)80046-8","article-title":"Does a tilted retina cause astigmatism? The ocular imagery and the retinoscopic reflex resulting from a tilted retina","volume":"40","author":"Flueler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00189-8","article-title":"The effects of spectacle wear in infancy on eye growth and refractive error in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)","volume":"39","author":"Graham","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6428","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6757","article-title":"Effects of foveal ablation on the pattern of peripheral refractive errors in normal and form-deprived infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)","volume":"52","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0895-761","article-title":"Spectacle lenses alter eye growth and the refractive status of young monkeys","volume":"1","author":"Hung","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1992.tb00315.x","article-title":"Refractive plasticity of the developing chick eye","volume":"12","author":"Irving","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt. : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8936","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-21-08936.1998","article-title":"The major cell populations of the mouse retina","volume":"18","author":"Jeon","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20272-w","article-title":"A highly efficient murine model of experimental myopia","volume":"8","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180091","article-title":"Four alpha ganglion cell types in mouse retina: function, structure, and molecular signatures","volume":"12","author":"Krieger","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2013.836541","article-title":"From mechanosensitivity to inflammatory responses: new players in the pathology of glaucoma","volume":"39","author":"Krizaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib20","article-title":"The role of ipRGCs in ocular growth and myopia development","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1089\/089771504772695959","article-title":"Effect of acute calcium influx after mechanical stretch injury in vitro on the viability of hippocampal neurons","volume":"21","author":"Lusardi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.12.033","article-title":"Circuit mechanisms of a retinal ganglion cell with stimulus-dependent response latency and activation beyond its dendrites","volume":"27","author":"Mani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Biol. : CB"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.01023","article-title":"Investigating the effects of mechanical stimulation on retinal ganglion cell spontaneous spiking activity","volume":"13","author":"Marrese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.02.009","article-title":"Retinal pathway origins of the pattern ERG of the mouse","volume":"89","author":"Miura","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4022","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-11-04022.1998","article-title":"Modulation of neuronal activity by glial cells in the retina","volume":"18","author":"Newman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.40.2.59","article-title":"Animal models of myopia: learning how vision controls the size of the eye","volume":"40","author":"Norton","year":"1999","journal-title":"ILAR J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091517-034133","article-title":"Plasticity of retinal gap junctions: roles in synaptic physiology and disease","volume":"4","author":"O'brien","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annual Rev. vision Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E640","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070640","article-title":"Defocused image changes signaling of ganglion cells in the mouse retina","volume":"8","author":"Pan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22254","article-title":"Connexin36 is required for gap junctional coupling of most ganglion cell subtypes in the mouse retina","volume":"518","author":"Pan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6679","DOI":"10.1113\/JP272267","article-title":"Inhibitory masking controls the threshold sensitivity of retinal ganglion cells","volume":"594","author":"Pan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800011020","article-title":"Alpha ganglion cells in mammalian retinae: common properties, species differences, and some comments on other ganglion cells","volume":"7","author":"Peichl","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(84)90325-0","article-title":"A new microspectrophotometric method for measuring absorbance of rat photoreceptors","volume":"24","author":"Penn","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108000","article-title":"Retinal control of lens-induced astigmatism in chicks","volume":"194","author":"Popa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02185-z","article-title":"Loss of Gap Junction Delta-2 (GJD2) gene orthologs leads to refractive error in zebrafish","volume":"4","author":"Quint","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raviola, E. & Wiesel, T.N. Neural control of eye growth and experimental myopia in primates. Ciba Foundat. Sympos. 155, 22-38; discussion 39-44 (1990).","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470514023.ch3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4904","DOI":"10.2741\/3049","article-title":"Test systems for measuring ocular parameters and visual function in mice","volume":"13","author":"Schaeffel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Front. Biosci. : J. Vis. Literacy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib37","series-title":"Myopia \u2013 Animal Models to Clinical Trials","first-page":"303","article-title":"The mouse model of myopia","author":"Schaeffel","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(88)90113-7","article-title":"Accommodation, refractive error and eye growth in chickens","volume":"28","author":"Schaeffel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20510","article-title":"Connexin36 mediates gap junctional coupling of alpha-ganglion cells in mouse retina","volume":"485","author":"Schubert","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.1999.tb05401.x","article-title":"Effect of interrupted lens wear on compensation for a minus lens in tree shrews","volume":"76","author":"Shaikh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci. : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1627","article-title":"Expression and functions of neuronal gap junctions","volume":"6","author":"S\u00f6hl","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06531.x","article-title":"Initial calcium release from intracellular stores followed by calcium dysregulation is linked to secondary axotomy following transient axonal stretch injury","volume":"112","author":"Staal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(00)00209-1","article-title":"Developmental compensation of imposed astigmatism is not initiated by astigmatic accommodation in chickens","volume":"40","author":"Thomas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688709034870","article-title":"Visual deprivation causes myopia in chicks with optic nerve section","volume":"6","author":"Troilo","year":"1987","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2554","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analyses of multiancestry cohorts identify multiple new susceptibility loci for refractive error and myopia","volume":"45","author":"Verhoeven","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15282","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001315RR","article-title":"Unmasking inhibition prolongs neuronal function in retinal degeneration mouse model","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Faseb. J. : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib47","article-title":"The effect of low-dose atropine on alpha ganglion cell signaling in the mouse retina","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109616","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cells encode differently in the myopic mouse retina?","volume":"234","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02358-2","article-title":"Prevalence of and factors associated with astigmatism in preschool children in Wuxi City, China","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001998","article-title":"Epidemiology and burden of astigmatism: a systematic literature review","volume":"100","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci. : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2008.01.030","article-title":"Biometric measurement of the mouse eye using optical coherence tomography with focal plane advancement","volume":"48","author":"Zhou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vis. Res."}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483524000551?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483524000551?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T19:24:37Z","timestamp":1777404277000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483524000551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0014483524000551"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The response of retinal ganglion cells to optical defocused visual stimuli in mouse retinas","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2024.109834","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109834"}}