{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T16:41:56Z","timestamp":1782578516043,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":341,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY036114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY036114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 EY031631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 EY031631"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,4]],"date-time":"2025-01-04T11:20:32Z","timestamp":1735989632000},"page":"110231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Mass spectrometric detection of keratins in tear fluid"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"251","author":[{"given":"Saleh","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Altman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garrett","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae Jin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle M.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Zhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shruti","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9597-4374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4068","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e10-08-0703","article-title":"Novel function of keratins 5 and 14 in proliferation and differentiation of stratified epithelial cells","volume":"22","author":"Alam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib2","first-page":"43","article-title":"Making the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome in patients with dry eye","volume":"10","author":"Beckman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2019.03.010","article-title":"Desmoplakin is required for epidermal integrity and morphogenesis in the Xenopus laevis embryo","volume":"450","author":"Bharathan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01015-w","article-title":"Single cell transcriptomics reveals the heterogeneity of the human cornea to identify novel markers of the limbus and stroma","volume":"11","author":"Catal\u00e0","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib5","series-title":"Biochemistry, Tear Film","author":"Chang","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13221","article-title":"Highly abundant defense proteins in human sweat as revealed by targeted proteomics and label\u2010free quantification mass spectrometry","volume":"29","author":"Cs\u0151sz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-020-09307-5","article-title":"Tear proteomic profile in three distinct ocular surface diseases: keratoconus, pterygium, and dry eye related to graft-versus-host disease","volume":"17","author":"de Almeida Borges","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Proteonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.665","article-title":"Keratin 17 promotes epithelial proliferation and tumor growth by polarizing the immune response in skin","volume":"42","author":"DePianto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2015.10.008","article-title":"Keratins K2 and K10 are essential for the epidermal integrity of plantar skin","volume":"81","author":"Fischer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1039\/B714802J","article-title":"Human K10 epithelial keratin is the most abundant protein in airborne dust of both occupied and unoccupied school rooms","volume":"10","author":"Fox","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Monit."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.356","article-title":"Keratin 9 is required for the structural integrity and terminal differentiation of the palmoplantar epidermis","volume":"134","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-01993-x","article-title":"Association of tear fluid amyloid and tau levels with disease severity and neurodegeneration","volume":"11","author":"Gijs","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.53165","article-title":"Keratin 14-dependent disulfides regulate epidermal homeostasis and barrier function via 14-3-3\u03c3 and YAP1","volume":"9","author":"Guo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI69071","article-title":"Desmoglein-1, differentiation, and disease","volume":"123","author":"Hammers","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2005.07.009","article-title":"Pathological keratinisation in the conjunctival epithelium of Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"82","author":"Hirai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2013.02.023","article-title":"Cleaning up the masses: exclusion lists to reduce contamination with HPLC-MS\/MS","volume":"88","author":"Hodge","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Proteonomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041450202","article-title":"Altered expression of keratin and vimentin in human retinal pigment epithelial cells in vivo and in vitro","volume":"145","author":"Hunt","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4824","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19757","article-title":"Tear interferon-gamma as a biomarker for evaporative dry eye disease","volume":"57","author":"Jackson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23042307","article-title":"Comparison of different mass spectrometry workflows for the proteomic analysis of tear fluid","volume":"23","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2008.04.043","article-title":"Interferences and contaminants encountered in modern mass spectrometry","volume":"627","author":"Keller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04659","article-title":"A keratin cytoskeletal protein regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth","volume":"441","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01606063","article-title":"Expression of keratin 13 in human epithelial neoplasms","volume":"418","author":"Malecha","year":"1991","journal-title":"Virchows Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00986.x","article-title":"Keratin 17 expression in the hard epithelial context of the hair and nail, and its relevance for the pachyonychia congenita phenotype","volume":"114","author":"McGowan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.04.009","article-title":"Cytokeratins 8 and 18 in adult human corneal endothelium","volume":"89","author":"Merjava","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-008-0435-6","article-title":"The human keratins: biology and pathology","volume":"129","author":"Moll","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2018.1501803","article-title":"Comparison of collection methods for the measure of human meibum and tear film-derived lipids using mass spectrometry","volume":"43","author":"Ngo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-019-00238-z","article-title":"Mass spectrometry analysis of the exhaled breath condensate and proposal of dermcidin and S100A9 as possible markers for lung cancer prognosis","volume":"197","author":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Naveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689109024128","article-title":"Evidence for keratin proteins in normal and abnormal human meibomian fluids","volume":"10","author":"Ong","year":"1991","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108115","article-title":"Biological functions of tear film","volume":"197","author":"Pflugfelder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2245","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672121998922","article-title":"Tear fluid collection methods: review of current techniques","volume":"31","author":"Pieczy\u0144ski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000457","article-title":"Immunocytochemical diagnosis of limbal stem cell deficiency: comparative analysis of current corneal and conjunctival biomarkers","volume":"34","author":"Poli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9411","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-7049","article-title":"Keratin 13 immunostaining in corneal impression cytology for the diagnosis of limbal stem cell deficiency","volume":"52","author":"Poli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2012.10.001","article-title":"Schirmer strip vs. capillary tube method: non-invasive methods of obtaining proteins from tear fluid","volume":"195","author":"Posa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib35","first-page":"1652","article-title":"Keratin 13 is a more specific marker of conjunctival epithelium than keratin 19","volume":"17","author":"Ramirez-Miranda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Vis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib36","article-title":"An update on ocular surface epithelial stem cells: cornea and conjunctiva","volume":"2015","author":"Ramos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-314466","article-title":"Histopathology and selective biomarker expression in human meibomian glands","volume":"104","author":"Reneker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700041","article-title":"Generation of multiple stable dermcidin-derived antimicrobial peptides in sweat of different body sites","volume":"126","author":"Rieg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib39","first-page":"5269","article-title":"Keratin 1 maintains skin integrity and participates in an inflammatory network in skin through interleukin-18","volume":"125","author":"Roth","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.103.1.49","article-title":"Differentiation-related expression of a major 64K corneal keratin in vivo and in culture suggests limbal location of corneal epithelial stem cells","volume":"103","author":"Schermer","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2007.02.032","article-title":"Hair follicle-specific keratins and their diseases","volume":"313","author":"Schweizer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.03.006","article-title":"The analysis of human conjunctival epithelium proteome in ocular surface diseases using impression cytology and 2D-DIGE","volume":"167","author":"Soria","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2020.0091","article-title":"Increased cell survival of human primary conjunctival stem cells in dimethyl sulfoxide-based cryopreservation media","volume":"19","author":"van Velthoven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biopreserv. Biobanking"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/ina.12326","article-title":"Fluorescence detection of protein content in house dust: the possible role of keratin","volume":"27","author":"Voloshina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indoor Air"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.07.015","article-title":"Tears as a source of biomarkers for ocular and systemic diseases","volume":"117","author":"von","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib46","series-title":"Skin Keratins, Methods in Enzymology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2015.09.032","author":"Wang","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.12.6.8","article-title":"Differentially expressed tear proteins in sjogren's syndrome keratoconjunctivitis sicca","volume":"12","author":"Yoon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3471","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI65380","article-title":"Defending the cornea with antibacterial fragments of keratin","volume":"122","author":"Zasloff","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080807","article-title":"Keratin 6, 16 and 17\u2014critical barrier alarmin molecules in skin wounds and psoriasis","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"}],"container-title":["Experimental Eye Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483525000028?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014483525000028?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:24:03Z","timestamp":1777350243000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014483525000028"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0014483525000028"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4835"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4835","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mass spectrometric detection of keratins in tear fluid","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Eye Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exer.2025.110231","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110231"}}