{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:42:59Z","timestamp":1792006979693,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Gerontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T19:26:46Z","timestamp":1746905206000},"page":"112778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association between METS-VF and sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults in China: The first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"206","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meilan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianhan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyuan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6","article-title":"Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale)","volume":"10","author":"Andresen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0010","article-title":"Metformin restores autophagic flux and mitochondrial function in late passage myoblast to impede age-related muscle loss","volume":"180","author":"Bang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E297","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00353.2017","article-title":"Do skeletal muscle-secreted factors influence the function of pancreatic \u03b2-cells?","volume":"314","author":"Barlow","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12483","article-title":"Sarcopenia: A Time for Action","volume":"10","author":"Bauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"An SCWD Position Paper. Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0883","article-title":"METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is predictive of visceral adiposity and incident type 2 diabetes","volume":"178","author":"Bello-Chavolla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.07.012","article-title":"Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS-VF), a novel estimator of intra-abdominal fat content and cardio-metabolic health","volume":"39","author":"Bello-Chavolla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10030308","article-title":"Diet Quality and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review","volume":"10","author":"Bloom","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2024.111941","article-title":"Sarcopenia: A dive into metabolism to promote a multimodal, preventive, and regenerative approach","volume":"219","author":"Boccardi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.45.2.15","article-title":"Trends in Dietary Patterns and Diet-related Behaviors in China","volume":"45","author":"Bu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155637","article-title":"Diet for the prevention and management of sarcopenia","volume":"146","author":"Calvani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0055","article-title":"Quality matters: chronic kidney disease progression is associated with reduced muscle strength independently of changes in skeletal muscle mass: an observational study","volume":"18(3):sfaf036","author":"Chatrenet","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Kidney J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","article-title":"Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.09.020","article-title":"Western Diet and the Immune System: An Inflammatory Connection","volume":"51","author":"Christ","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R67","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-15-0533","article-title":"Insulin resistance and sarcopenia: mechanistic links between common co-morbidities","volume":"229","author":"Cleasby","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15122749","article-title":"Global Impacts of Western Diet and Its Effects on Metabolism and Health: A Narrative Review","volume":"15","author":"Clemente-Su\u00e1rez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"10191","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31138-9","article-title":"Sarcopenia","volume":"393","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064071","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"147","author":"Damluji","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.60","article-title":"Epidemiology of sarcopenia and insight into possible therapeutic targets","volume":"13","author":"Dennison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2018.07.011","article-title":"Mitochondrial dynamics in skeletal muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes","volume":"202","author":"Fealy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Translational research: the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2024.03.018","article-title":"Waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage as risk factors for ischemic cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study from UK Biobank","volume":"119","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114521004116","article-title":"Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat: a novel predictor for the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"128","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnac057","article-title":"Assessing Patterns and Stability of ADL Hierarchical Scales for Functional Disability Assessment","volume":"63","author":"Fong","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101264","article-title":"Association between sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study","volume":"44","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2021.100943","article-title":"Socioeconomic gradients in the Westernization of diet in China over 20 years","volume":"16","author":"Howard","year":"2021","journal-title":"SSM - population health."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-06357-x","article-title":"Exploring the protective effect of metformin against sarcopenia: insights from cohort studies and genetics","volume":"23","author":"Hu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2944","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13081","article-title":"Sarcopenia and mild cognitive impairment among elderly adults: The first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS","volume":"13","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.08.017","article-title":"High-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and risk of muscle strength decline and sarcopenia in older adults","volume":"43","author":"Hua","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5870","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15959","article-title":"Association of metabolic score for visceral fat with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality: A prospective cohort study","volume":"26","author":"Jia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155557","article-title":"Sarcopenia in youth","volume":"144","author":"Jung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(72)90027-6","article-title":"Indices of relative weight and obesity","volume":"25","author":"Keys","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Chronic Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13226","article-title":"High visceral fat attenuation and long-term mortality in a health check-up population","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12901","article-title":"Pathogenesis of sarcopenia and the relationship with fat mass: descriptive review","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546988","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1546988","article-title":"Predictive model for sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: a nomogram and machine learning approach using CHARLS data","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13168-y","article-title":"Clinical, social, and policy factors in COVID-19 cases and deaths: methodological considerations for feature selection and modeling in county-level analyses","volume":"22","author":"Madlock-Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103519","article-title":"Metabolic Syndrome and Sarcopenia","volume":"13","author":"Nishikawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12783","article-title":"Global prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Petermann-Rocha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2024.102998","article-title":"Metformin Improves Sarcopenia-Related Quality of Life in Geriatric Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"55","author":"Qaisar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaa213","article-title":"Use of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to identify confounders in applied health research: review and recommendations","volume":"50","author":"Tennant","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0200","first-page":"551","article-title":"Anthropometric equation for estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass in Chinese adults","volume":"20","author":"Wen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.00102","article-title":"Sarcopenia in the Older Adult With Cancer","volume":"39","author":"Williams","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of clinical oncology: official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI88880","article-title":"Skeletal muscle inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity","volume":"127","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11268-8","article-title":"Sarcopenia and nervous system disorders","volume":"269","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-024-02201-1","article-title":"The association between the triglyceride-glucose index and sarcopenia: data from the NHANES 2011\u20132018","volume":"23","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0225","article-title":"Epidemiology of sarcopenia: Prevalence, risk factors, and consequences","volume":"144","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metab. Clin. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.131539","article-title":"Ambient PM(2.5), ozone and mortality in Chinese older adults: A nationwide cohort analysis (2005\u20132018)","volume":"454","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys203","article-title":"Cohort profile: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)","volume":"43","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["Experimental Gerontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S053155652500107X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S053155652500107X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T02:07:41Z","timestamp":1762308461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S053155652500107X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S053155652500107X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778","relation":{},"ISSN":["0531-5565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0531-5565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association between METS-VF and sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults in China: The first longitudinal evidence from CHARLS","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Gerontology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112778","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112778"}}