{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T09:04:04Z","timestamp":1789549444942,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Gerontology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:21:19Z","timestamp":1785453679000},"page":"113258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Three-dimensional ultrasound shape analysis reveals distinct structural patterns in muscle aging and sarcopenia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"223","author":[{"given":"Jeremie","family":"Huet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Piecuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Gossard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Sophie","family":"Boureau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Mateus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Nordez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.03.06.db05-1237","article-title":"Muscle weakness: a progressive late complication in diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy","volume":"55","author":"Andreassen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00638.2021","article-title":"A new framework for analysis of three-dimensional shape and architecture of human skeletal muscles from in vivo imaging data","volume":"132","author":"Bolsterlee","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0015","series-title":"Statistical Shape and Deformation Analysis","first-page":"257","article-title":"ShapeWorks","author":"Cates","year":"2017"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/63.8.829","article-title":"Sarcopenia \u2260 dynapenia","volume":"63","author":"Clark","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101883","article-title":"An elusive consensus definition of sarcopenia impedes research and clinical treatment: a narrative review","volume":"86","author":"Coletta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28047","article-title":"Longitudinal study of muscle strength, quality, and adipose tissue infiltration","volume":"90","author":"Delmonico","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.02.012","article-title":"Validity and reliability of 3-D ultrasound imaging to measure hamstring muscle and tendon volumes","volume":"49","author":"Frouin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0045","author":"Gossard"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2023.111878","article-title":"Validation of a scanning technique with minimal compression for measuring muscle volume with freehand 3D ultrasound","volume":"162","author":"Huet","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13648","article-title":"Concordance of freehand 3D ultrasound muscle measurements with sarcopenia parameters in a geriatric rehabilitation ward","volume":"16","author":"Huet","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2021.104499","article-title":"Weak hip flexor strength predicts progression of functional capacity decline due to locomotor system dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults: a longitudinal cohort study","volume":"97","author":"Ikezoe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-009-1059-y","article-title":"Sarcopenia: etiology, clinical consequences, intervention, and assessment","volume":"21","author":"Lang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.250198","article-title":"Landmark-free statistical shape modelling reveals effects of age and sex on whole muscle morphology among the triceps surae","volume":"12","author":"Lindemann","year":"2025","journal-title":"R. Soc. Open Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13864","article-title":"Architectural anatomy of the human tibialis anterior presents morphological asymmetries between superficial and deep unipennate regions","volume":"243","author":"Martin-Rodriguez","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B207","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/54.5.B207","article-title":"Muscle quality and age: cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons","volume":"54","author":"Metter","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-247","article-title":"Deltoid muscle shape analysis with magnetic resonance imaging in patients with chronic rotator cuff tears","volume":"14","author":"Meyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12720","article-title":"Age-related alterations in muscle architecture are a signature of sarcopenia: the ultrasound sarcopenia index","volume":"12","author":"Narici","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00768.2022","article-title":"Human skeletal muscle-specific atrophy with aging: a comprehensive review","volume":"134","author":"Naruse","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12783","article-title":"Global prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Petermann-Rocha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0105","author":"Piecuch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0110","series-title":"2025 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Unsupervised anomaly detection on implicit shape representations for sarcopenia detection","author":"Piecuch","year":"2025"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13405","article-title":"Marked irregular myofiber shape is a hallmark of human skeletal muscle ageing and is reversed by heavy resistance training","volume":"15","author":"Soendenbroe","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12477","article-title":"The Copenhagen Sarcopenia Study: lean mass, strength, power, and physical function in a Danish cohort aged 20\u201393 years","volume":"10","author":"Suetta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Cachexia. Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00997.2024","article-title":"Skeletal muscle shape influences joint torque exertion through the mechanical advantages","volume":"138","author":"Umehara","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.3.324","article-title":"Muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle fat infiltration as predictors of incident mobility limitations in well-functioning older persons","volume":"60","author":"Visser","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101200","article-title":"Sarcopenia \u2013 molecular mechanisms and open questions","volume":"65","author":"Wiedmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."}],"container-title":["Experimental Gerontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0531556526002378?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0531556526002378?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T08:11:01Z","timestamp":1789546261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0531556526002378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S0531556526002378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258","relation":{},"ISSN":["0531-5565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0531-5565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Three-dimensional ultrasound shape analysis reveals distinct structural patterns in muscle aging and sarcopenia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Gerontology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exger.2026.113258","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113258"}}