{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:51:11Z","timestamp":1786989071506,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,17]],"date-time":"2019-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T11:28:54Z","timestamp":1568114934000},"page":"113063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Amelioration of visual deficits and visual system pathology after mild TBI via the cannabinoid Type-2 receptor inverse agonism of raloxifene"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"322","author":[{"given":"Marcia G.","family":"Honig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobel A.","family":"Del Mar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desmond L.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler D.","family":"Ragsdale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Doty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jake H.","family":"Driver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Fortugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William M.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bob M.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2146-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Reiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12670","article-title":"Visual problems associated with traumatic brain injury","volume":"101","author":"Armstrong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Optom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2174\/157015907780866884","article-title":"The cannabinoid CB2 receptor as a target for inflammation-dependent neurodegeneration","volume":"5","author":"Ashton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2011.12.001","article-title":"CB\u2082: therapeutic target-in-waiting","volume":"38","author":"Atwood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06149.x","article-title":"Two types of melanopsin retinal ganglion cell differentially innervate the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus and the olivary pretectal nucleus","volume":"27","author":"Baver","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e318256d3d3","article-title":"The relation between posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury acquired during operations enduring freedom and Iraqi freedom","author":"Bazarian","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Head Trauma Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00417","article-title":"Non-visual photopigments effects of constant light-emitting diode light exposure on the inner retina of Wistar rats","volume":"8","author":"Benedetto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22381","article-title":"Morphology and mosaics of melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cell types in mice","volume":"518","author":"Berson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.599","article-title":"Rates of major depressive disorder and clinical outcomes following traumatic brain injury","volume":"303","author":"Bombardier","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2009.06935.x","article-title":"Loss of photic entrainment at low illuminances in rats with acute photoreceptor degeneration","volume":"30","author":"Boudard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131921","article-title":"Neurodegeneration and vision loss after mild blunt trauma in the C57Bl\/6 and DBA\/2J mouse","volume":"10","author":"Bricker-Anthony","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4853","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14353","article-title":"Molecular changes and vision loss in a mouse model of closed-globe blast trauma","volume":"55","author":"Bricker-Anthony","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000898","article-title":"Erythropoietin either prevents or exacerbates retinal damage from eye trauma depending on treatment timing","volume":"94","author":"Bricker-Anthony","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.088799","article-title":"Traumatic homonymous hemianopia","volume":"77","author":"Bruce","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00449","article-title":"Mild traumatic brain injury produces neuron loss that can be rescued by modulating microglial activation using a CB2 receptor inverse agonist","volume":"10","author":"Bu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.01.017","article-title":"Brain-behavior relationships in young traumatic brain injury patients: fractional anisotropy measures are highly correlated with dynamic visuomotor tracking performance","volume":"48","author":"Caeyenberghs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000825","article-title":"Visual dysfunctions at different stages after blast and non-blast mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"94","author":"Cap\u00f3-Aponte","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7130","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-17467","article-title":"Full-field pupillary light responses, luminance thresholds, and light discomfort thresholds in CEP290 Leber congenital amaurosis patients","volume":"56","author":"Collison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3518","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24013","article-title":"Cholinergic interneurons in the Q140 knockin mouse model of Huntington's disease: reductions in dendritic branching and thalamostriatal input","volume":"524","author":"Deng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500481","article-title":"Raloxifene decreases serum IGF-I in male patients with active acromegaly","volume":"150","author":"Dimaraki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8219","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13078219","article-title":"The neuroprotective functions of transforming growth factor beta proteins","volume":"13","author":"Dobolyi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2014-1985","article-title":"Early increase of cannabinoid receptor density after experimental traumatic brain injury in the newborn piglet","volume":"74","author":"Donat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol. Exp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00208","article-title":"Microglial activation in traumatic brain injury","volume":"9","author":"Donat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-62","article-title":"TGF\u03b2 signaling in the brain increases with aging and signals to astrocytes and innate immune cells in the weeks after stroke","volume":"7","author":"Doyle","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650110615","article-title":"A controlled trial of raloxifene (LY139481) HCl: impact on bone turnover and serum lipid profile in healthy postmenopausal women","volume":"11","author":"Draper","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050500149817","article-title":"Elevated dark adaptation thresholds in traumatic brain injury","volume":"19","author":"Du","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00235","article-title":"Microglia morphological categorization in a rat model of neuroinflammation by hierarchical cluster and principal components analysis","volume":"11","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Arjona","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2015.05.003","article-title":"Alternatively activated microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system","volume":"131","author":"Franco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.037267.114","article-title":"Sex steroid hormones matter for learning and memory: estrogenic regulation of hippocampal function in male and female rodents","volume":"22","author":"Frick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31827f15a1","article-title":"Mechanisms of TBI and visual consequences in military and veteran populations","volume":"90","author":"Goodrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.3886","article-title":"A novel closed-head model of mild traumatic brain injury using focal primary overpressure blast to the cranium in mice","volume":"33","author":"Guley","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2019.03.013","article-title":"Amelioration of visual deficits and visual system pathology after mild TBI with the cannabinoid type-2 receptor inverse agonist SMM-189","volume":"182","author":"Guley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"3\u201314","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0160","article-title":"Regulation of brain microglia by female gonadal steroids","volume":"146","author":"Habib","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2013.00065","article-title":"Functional diversity of microglia - how heterogeneous are they to begin with?","volume":"7","author":"Hanisch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00002","article-title":"A novel closed-head model of mild traumatic brain injury caused by primary overpressure blast to the cranium produces sustained emotional deficits in mice","volume":"5","author":"Heldt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.03.013","article-title":"A mouse model of ocular blast injury that induces closed globe anterior and posterior pole damage","volume":"99","author":"Hines-Beard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4677","article-title":"Longitudinal study of postconcussion syndrome: not everyone recovers","volume":"34","author":"Hiploylee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.07.010","article-title":"Nonuniform distribution and spectral tuning of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells of the mouse retina","volume":"23","author":"Hughes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-013-0389-5","article-title":"Neuro-ophthalmic deficits after head trauma","volume":"13","author":"Jacobs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2015.11.003","article-title":"Functional polarization of neuroglia: implications in neuroinflammation and neurological disorders","volume":"103","author":"Jha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.06.008","article-title":"Neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury: opportunities for therapeutic intervention","volume":"26","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.04.040","article-title":"Identification of raloxifene as a novel CB2 inverse agonist","volume":"435","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2015.4268","article-title":"Microglial\/macrophage polarization dynamics following traumatic brain injury","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2004.06.007","article-title":"Texture segregation in traumatic brain injury \u2013 a VEP study","volume":"44","author":"Lachapelle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vis. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3088","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of macrophage polarization: enabling diversity with identity","volume":"11","author":"Lawrence","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-016-9913-z","article-title":"Estrogen-like neuroprotection of isopsoralen against spinal cord injury through estrogen receptor ER\u03b1","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068084","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cells are resistant to photoreceptor loss in retinal degeneration","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0235","article-title":"Abnormalities in dynamic brain activity caused by mild traumatic brain injury are partially rescued by the cannabinoid type-2 receptor inverse agonist SMM-189","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"eNeuro.18"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.08.018","article-title":"Microglia in the TBI brain: the good, the bad, and the dysregulated","volume":"3","author":"Loane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol. 275 Pt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.093500","article-title":"A novel cannabinoid peripheral cannabinoid receptor-selective inverse agonist blocks leukocyte recruitment in vivo","volume":"316","author":"Lunn","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707480","article-title":"Biology and therapeutic potential of cannabinoid CB2 receptor inverse agonists","volume":"153","author":"Lunn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00964","article-title":"Early microglial activation following closed-head concussive injury is dominated by pro-inflammatory M-1 type","volume":"9","author":"Madathil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6063","article-title":"Role of CB2 receptor in the recovery of mice after traumatic brain injury","author":"Magid","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2012.09.012","article-title":"Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells are the primary but not exclusive circuit for light aversion","volume":"105","author":"Matynia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.05.025","article-title":"Light aversion and corneal mechanical sensitivity are altered by intrinscally photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in a mouse model of corneal surface damage","volume":"137","author":"Matynia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2016.00060","article-title":"Peripheral sensory neurons expressing melanopsin respond to light","volume":"10","author":"Matynia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neural Circuits"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148001","article-title":"Call off the dog(ma): M1\/M2 polarization is concurrent following traumatic brain injury","volume":"11","author":"Morganti","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0285","first-page":"5418","article-title":"Attenuated pupillary light responses and downregulation of opsin expression parallel decline in circadian disruption in two different mouse models of Huntington's disease","volume":"25","author":"Ouk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Human. Mol. Gen."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2015-1616","article-title":"Estrogen receptor-selective agonists modulate learning in female rats in a dose- and task-specific manner","volume":"157","author":"Pisani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.159","article-title":"Pre-clinical evaluation of SMM-189, a cannabinoid receptor-2 specific inverse agonist","volume":"3","author":"Presley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0300","author":"Raloxifene FDA Drug Approval Package"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms16010758","article-title":"Motor, visual and emotional deficits in mice after closed-head mild traumatic brain injury are alleviated by the novel CB2 inverse agonist SMM-189","volume":"16","author":"Reiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2011.07.001","article-title":"Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells: many subtypes, diverse functions","volume":"34","author":"Schmidt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.12.021","article-title":"Immune responses of microglia in the spinal cord: contribution to pain states","volume":"234","author":"Schomberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3841","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032058","article-title":"Raloxifene to prevent gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist-induced bone loss in men with prostate cancer: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"89","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20983","article-title":"Cannabinoid and cannabinoid-like receptors in microglia, astrocytes and astrocytomas","volume":"58","author":"Stella","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0330","first-page":"163","article-title":"Effects of the SERM raloxifene on calcium and phosphate metabolism in healthy middle-aged men","volume":"6","author":"Uebelhart","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Cases. Miner. Bone. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6046","article-title":"Rapid exposure to subthreshold trauma causes synergistic axonal damage and functional deficits in the visual pathway in a mouse model","volume":"36","author":"Vest","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.06.090","article-title":"Estrogen receptor alpha and beta specific agonists regulate expression of synaptic proteins in rat hippocampus","volume":"1290","author":"Waters","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res."}],"container-title":["Experimental Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014488619302122?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014488619302122?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T05:54:19Z","timestamp":1758002059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014488619302122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0014488619302122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4886","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Amelioration of visual deficits and visual system pathology after mild TBI via the cannabinoid Type-2 receptor inverse agonism of raloxifene","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Neurology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113063","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113063"}}