{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T04:31:22Z","timestamp":1791952282114,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T22:07:14Z","timestamp":1412719634000},"page":"52-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Therapeutic enhancement of newly derived bacteriocins against Giardia lamblia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Eglal I.","family":"Amer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shereen F.","family":"Mossallam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda","family":"Mahrous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3b","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0010","first-page":"543","article-title":"Antimicrobial potential of probiotic lactic acid bacteria","volume":"66","author":"Avonts","year":"2001","journal-title":"Meded. Rijksuniv. Gent Fak. Landbouwkd Toegep. Biol. Wet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2009.0272","article-title":"Screening of antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria against different pathogens found in vacuum-packaged meat products","volume":"6","author":"Awaisheh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib9010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.45.6.1808-1815.1983","article-title":"Detection and activity of lactacin B, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus","volume":"45","author":"Barefoot","year":"1983","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol"},{"issue":"66","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.5604\/17322693.1015531","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of selected standard strains of lactic acid bacteria producing bacteriocins \u2013 pilot study","volume":"25","author":"Bodaszewska-Lubas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Post\u0119py Hig. Med. Dosw. (Online)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-008-2296-0","article-title":"Probiotics and immunity","volume":"44","author":"Borchers","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4610","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.59.12.4610-4613.1991","article-title":"Sexual stage development of cryptosporidia in the Caco-2 cell line","volume":"59","author":"Buraud","year":"1991","journal-title":"Infect. Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.5.1046s","article-title":"Influences of microbiota on intestinal immune system development","volume":"69","author":"Cebra","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0040","first-page":"79","article-title":"Isolation and axenization of Giardia lamblia isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in Mexico","volume":"22","author":"Cedillo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch. Med. Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.06.006","article-title":"New horizons for host defense peptides and antibiotics","volume":"12","author":"Dawson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1159\/000104752","article-title":"Bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria: production, purification, and food applications","volume":"13","author":"De Vuyst","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2011.01069.x","article-title":"Fate and efficacy of lacticin 3147-producing Lactococcus lactis in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract","volume":"76","author":"Dobson","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05576-11","article-title":"Bacteriocin production: a probiotic trait?","volume":"78","author":"Dobson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0065","series-title":")","first-page":"386","author":"Dunne","year":"2001"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.8.12.1885","article-title":"Giardiasis: a pharmacotherapy review","volume":"8","author":"Escobedo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0075","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO, 2002. FAO\/WHO Report of a joint FAO\/WHO expert consultation on guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, London, Ontario, Canada."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1989.tb05105.x","article-title":"Probiotics in man and animals","volume":"66","author":"Fuller","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Appl. Bacteriol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6918(03)00074-X","article-title":"Probiotics to enhance anti-infective defences in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"17","author":"Gill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Baillieres Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/795219","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as an effective probiotic for murine giardiasis","author":"Goyal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Interdiscip. Perspect. Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-013-1268-6","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG antagonizes Giardia intestinalis induced oxidative stress and intestinal disaccharidases: an experimental study","volume":"29","author":"Goyal","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199711000-00005","article-title":"Oral bacterial therapy reduces the duration of symptoms and viral excretion in children with mild diarrhoea","volume":"25","author":"Guarino","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-012-1202-3","article-title":"Anti-infective properties of bacteriocins: an update","volume":"70","author":"Hammami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0110","first-page":"875","article-title":"The histopathology of human giardiasis","volume":"33","author":"Handousa","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2012.05338.x","article-title":"Natural antimicrobial peptides from bacteria: characteristics and potential applications to fight against antibiotic resistance","volume":"113","author":"Hassan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0120","first-page":"129","article-title":"Giardiasis: pathophysiology and management","volume":"8","author":"Hawrelak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Altern. Med. Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0125","series-title":"Principles and Techniques of EM: Biological Application","author":"Hayat","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.13.1.11","article-title":"Fine structure of the ventral disc apparatus and the mechanism of attachment in the flagellate Giardia muris","volume":"13","author":"Hoblberton","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0135","series-title":"Bergey, s Manual Determinative of Bacteriology","author":"Holt","year":"1994"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/73.2.444s","article-title":"Probiotics: effects on immunity","volume":"73","author":"Isolauri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.4.640","article-title":"Alternatives to antibiotics: bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides and bacteriophages","volume":"82","author":"Joerger","year":"2003","journal-title":"Poult. Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(83)90120-7","article-title":"Axenic culture of Giadia lamblia in TYI-S-33 medium supplemented with bile","volume":"77","author":"Keister","year":"1983","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0155","first-page":"47","article-title":"In vitro effect of folic acid and cobalamin (vitamin B12) on adhesion and growth of Giardia lamblia","volume":"1","author":"Khademi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Iran. J. Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0160","series-title":"Parasitic Protozoa","first-page":"229","article-title":"Giardia in humans and animals","author":"Kulda","year":"1995"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.2174\/187152610791591610","article-title":"Giardiasis in the post genomic era: treatment, drug resistance and novel therapeutic perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Lalle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2007.03.018","article-title":"Enhancement of gastric mucosal integrity by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG","volume":"80","author":"Lam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0175","unstructured":"Leaflet, A.S., 2005. Colicins as antibiotic alternatives for the treatment and prevention of post-weaning diarrhea and edema disease in swine. Iowa State University Animal Industry Report .R2025."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/46.5.819","article-title":"Metronidazole and albendazole susceptibility of 11 clinical isolates of Giardia duodenalis from France","volume":"46","author":"Lem\u00e9ea","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1086\/321850","article-title":"In vitro models, in vivo models, and pharmacokinetics: what can we learn from in vitro models?","volume":"33","author":"MacGowan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0190","unstructured":"Mahrous, H., 2006. Functionalities of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Egyptian Environment (Ph.D. thesis). Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI) Minufiya University."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.05.012","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo safety evaluation of the bacteriocin producer Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198","volume":"133","author":"Maragkoudakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1177\/00970002042006005","article-title":"A mechanistic approach to understanding the factors affecting drug absorption: a review of fundamentals","volume":"42","author":"Martinez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652004000200004","article-title":"Study of enteroparasites infection frequency and chemotherapeutic agents used in pediatric patients in a community living in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil","volume":"46","author":"Morrone","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Sao Paulo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-407704-1.00007-5","article-title":"New approaches for the identification of drug targets in protozoan parasites","volume":"301","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(96)76353-1","article-title":"Viability of Lactobacillus acidophillus and lactobacillus casei in fermented milk products during refrigerated storage","volume":"79","author":"Nighswogner","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.43.8.641","article-title":"Giardiasis: analysis of histological changes in biopsy specimens of 80 patients","volume":"43","author":"Oberhuber","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2008.00087","article-title":"On the physiology and pathophysiology of antimicrobial peptides","volume":"15","author":"P\u00e1lffy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.09.003","article-title":"Therapy of intestinal protozoa","volume":"19","author":"Petri","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0235","first-page":"22","article-title":"Safety aspects of probiotic products","volume":"4","author":"Philippe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand. J. Nutr"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.02.015","article-title":"Giardia and Cryptosporidium join the \u2018Neglected Diseases Initiative","volume":"l","author":"Savioli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1139\/W10-110","article-title":"Lactobacillus casei as a probiotic in malnourished Giardia lamblia-infected mice: a biochemical and histopathological study","volume":"57","author":"Shukla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can. J. Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-007-0197-3","article-title":"Effect of Lactobacillus casei as a probiotic on modulation of giardiasis","volume":"53","author":"Shukla","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.2478\/s11536-009-0139-x","article-title":"Protective potential of L.\u2009acidophilus in murine giardiasis","volume":"5","author":"Shukla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cent. Eur. J. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-012-9713-3","article-title":"Restoration of anthropometric, biochemical and histopathological alterations by Lactobacillus casei supplementation in Giardia intestinalis infected renourished BALB\/c mice","volume":"102","author":"Shukla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3394-3","article-title":"Comparative therapeutic effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei alone and in conjunction with antiprotozoal drugs in murine giardiasis","volume":"112","author":"Shukla","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02816372","article-title":"Colicins\u2013exocellular lethal proteins of Escherichia coli","volume":"43","author":"Smarda","year":"1998","journal-title":"Folia Microbiol. (Praha)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/49.1.103","article-title":"In vitro activity of nitazxanide and related compounds against isolates of Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"49","author":"Sullayman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32834ad401","article-title":"New approaches to the treatment of giardiasis","volume":"24","author":"Tejman-Yarden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.2174\/187152610791591629","article-title":"Giardiasis, drug resistance, and new target discovery","volume":"10","author":"Tian","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect. Disord. Drug Targets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/610769","article-title":"Probiotics for the control of parasites: an overview","author":"Travers","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Parasitol. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1998.00451.x","article-title":"Isolation, purification and partial characterization of plantaricin 423, a bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum","volume":"84","author":"Van Reenen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Experimental Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014489414002203?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0014489414002203?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]],"date-time":"2022-04-19T03:34:19Z","timestamp":1650339259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0014489414002203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["S0014489414002203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4894","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Therapeutic enhancement of newly derived bacteriocins against Giardia lamblia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.09.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}