{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T06:02:02Z","timestamp":1773900122999,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Parasitology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T11:12:44Z","timestamp":1751368364000},"page":"108984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Antimalarial potentials, toxicological impacts, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of ethanol extract of Spondias mombin Linn"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"275","author":[{"given":"Nicodemus Emeka","family":"Nwankwo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Obiora Emmanuel","family":"Abonyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Henry","family":"Ezenabor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartholomew Onyekachi","family":"Okolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib1","article-title":"Aqueous extract of Garcinia atroviridis fruit improves the oxidative status of high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats","author":"Al-Mansoub","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology, Conference Abstract: International Conference on Drug Discovery and Translational Medicine 2018 (ICDDTM '18) \u201cSeizing Opportunities and Addressing Challenges of Precision Medicine\u201d"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib2","first-page":"279","article-title":"In vitro antimalarial susceptibility of Plasmodium berghei isolates to selected antimalarial agents, column chromatographic subfractions of Glyphaea brevis extract, and FTIR and GCMS of SF8","volume":"34","author":"Anjuwon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trop. Life Sci. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib3","first-page":"4","article-title":"Oral supplementation with aqueous leaf extract of Ficus carica improved some hematological parameters and reduced osmotic fragility and oxidative damage to red blood cells caused by Plasmodium berghei in mice","volume":"8","author":"Awobajo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Niger. J. Health Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry and pharmacological actions of leaf extracts of Spondias mombin: a narrative review","volume":"25","author":"Boadu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Afr. J. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib5","first-page":"948","article-title":"Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of Spondias mombin, Senna occidentalis, and Musa sapientum against Vibrio cholerae O1","volume":"3","author":"Bolatito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201561","article-title":"Evaluation of gastroprotective and ulcer healing activities of yellow mombin juice from Spondias mombin L","volume":"13","author":"Brito","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3474","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27113474","article-title":"Chemico-pharmacological screening of the methanol extract of Gynura nepalensis D.C. deciphered promising antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials: evidenced from in vitro, in vivo, and computer-aided studies","volume":"27","author":"Chakrabarty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib8","series-title":"District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries","first-page":"314","author":"Cheesbrough","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.07.016","article-title":"Medicinal knowledge and plant utilization in an Amazonian coastal community of Marud\u00e1, Par\u00e1 state (Brazil)","volume":"126","author":"Coelho-Ferreira","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib11","series-title":"Practical Hematology","author":"Dacie","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib12","first-page":"47","article-title":"Repository and curative antimalarial activities of Artemisia absinthium in mice experimentally infected with Plasmodium berghei (NK 65)","volume":"10","author":"Daskum","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.58920\/sciphar0301173","article-title":"Suspension of Sonchus arvensis L leaves ethanolic extract affects blood creatinine and urea levels of streptozotocin-induced wistar Male rats","volume":"3","author":"Dewi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sciences of Pharmacy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.05.037","article-title":"Leaves of Spondias mombin L. a traditional anxiolytic and antidepressant: pharmacological evaluation on zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"224","author":"Dos Santos Sampaio","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib15","first-page":"232","article-title":"Enzymatic method for the determination of CO2 in serum","volume":"1","author":"Forrester","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.5923\/j.fs.20120201.02","article-title":"Changes in oxidative indices in plasmodium berghei-infected mice treated with Aframomum sceptrum","volume":"2","author":"George","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.870399","article-title":"Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of methanolic extract of leaves of Spondias mombin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"13","author":"Gobinath","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib18","first-page":"1135","article-title":"Hepatoprotective activity of Tabebuia rosea and Solanum pubescens against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats","volume":"8","author":"Hemamalini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Pharm. Allied Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2779","article-title":"Effects of grape seed extract and its ethylacetate\/ethanol leaf fraction on blood glucose levels in a model of type 2 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Hwang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phytother Res."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.9734\/ijtdh\/2023\/v44i221498","article-title":"Effect of Azadirachta indica leaf extract on some biochemical parameters in wistar albino mice infected with Plasmodium berghei","volume":"44","author":"Idama","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Trop. Disease & Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib21","first-page":"391","article-title":"Creatine kinetic colorimetric method","volume":"10","author":"Jaffe","year":"1886","journal-title":"Physiol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib22","first-page":"81","article-title":"Simplified photometric methods for the determination of bilirubin","volume":"297","author":"Jendrassik","year":"1938","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpara.2024.1359442","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities of the ethanol extract of Erythrina sigmoidea stem bark used for the treatment of malaria in the Western region of Cameroon","volume":"3","author":"Jemimah Sandra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(57)90064-5","article-title":"Colorimetric determination of sodium in human serum and plasma","volume":"2","author":"Maruna","year":"1958","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib25","first-page":"13","article-title":"The effect of beta Vulgaris extract on experimental selenium poisoning in rats","volume":"27","author":"Maryam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. J. Kurdistan Univ. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib26","article-title":"Antimalarial activity of the aqueous extract and anthraquinones from the root of Senna siamea (LAM) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Fabaceae)","volume":"27","author":"Nketia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Afr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.4314\/ijs.v19i2.18","article-title":"Effect of seed extract of Picralima nitida on hematological parameters of malaria-infected albino mice and its interference with the serum electrolyte levels","volume":"19","author":"Nwankwo","year":"2017","journal-title":"IFE J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib28","first-page":"262","article-title":"Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Spondias mombin leaf and stem extracts against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"13","author":"Nwidu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Taibah Univ. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgac086","article-title":"Nutritional benefits, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicity of Spondias mombin Linn: a comprehensive review","volume":"75","author":"Ogunro","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2017.1285947","article-title":"Antimalarial, antiplasmodial, and analgesic activities of root extract of Alchornea laxiflora","volume":"55","author":"Okokon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib31","first-page":"115","article-title":"Exploring the medicinal efficacy, properties, and therapeutic uses of Spondias mombin linn","volume":"2","author":"Osuntokun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. App. Res. Med. Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.4172\/2161-0444.1000490","article-title":"Antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of partially partitioned fractions of Spondias mombin (Linn) extracts (root, leaf, and stem bark) against clinical and environmental isolates","volume":"8","author":"Osuntokun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib33","first-page":"158","article-title":"Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase","volume":"70","author":"Pagha","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1384-5","article-title":"Evaluations of in vitro anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential of Crescentia cujete leaves and stem bark","volume":"4","author":"Parvin","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7862","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15419","article-title":"Spondias mombin L. attenuates ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory modulation","volume":"24","author":"Pereira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib36","first-page":"182","article-title":"Optimized standard colorimetric methods","volume":"10","author":"Rec","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/28.1.56","article-title":"A colorimetric method for determination of serum glutamate oxaloacetate and glutamate pyruvate transaminases","volume":"28","author":"Reitman","year":"1957","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28041862","article-title":"Spondias sp: shedding light on its vast pharmaceutical potential","volume":"28","author":"Santos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/4108411","article-title":"The genus Spondias L. (Anacardiaceae) in tropical Asia","volume":"1","author":"Shaw","year":"1967","journal-title":"Kew Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(72)90132-7","article-title":"Colometric assay of catalase","volume":"47","author":"Shina","year":"1972","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Biochemistry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1135-9066","article-title":"Antiviral potential of Spondias mombin L. leaves extract against herpes simplex virus type-1 replication using in vitro and in silico approaches","volume":"86","author":"Siqueira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/10.10.918","article-title":"Thiocyanate (colorimetric) method of chloride estimation","volume":"10","author":"Skeggs","year":"1964","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib43","series-title":"Textbook of Clinical Chemistry","first-page":"1239","author":"Tietz","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1039\/an9517600596","article-title":"A rapid method for the determination of sodium in serum","volume":"76","author":"Trinder","year":"1951","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1993.1002","article-title":"Lipoprotein oxidation and measurement of TBARS formation in a single microlitre plate; its use for evaluation of antioxidants","volume":"208","author":"Wallin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78493-2","article-title":"Effects of copper status on neutrophil function, superoxide dismutase, and copper distribution in steers","volume":"74","author":"Xin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Diary Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-018-0177-x","article-title":"Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: a comprehensive review","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. Med."}],"container-title":["Experimental Parasitology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001448942500089X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S001448942500089X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T20:53:10Z","timestamp":1754427190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S001448942500089X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S001448942500089X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984","relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-4894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-4894","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antimalarial potentials, toxicological impacts, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of ethanol extract of Spondias mombin Linn","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Experimental Parasitology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.exppara.2025.108984","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108984"}}