{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T17:22:32Z","timestamp":1788801752263,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot and Ankle Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T03:52:27Z","timestamp":1704340347000},"page":"191-218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparison of plate versus screw internal fixation in the treatment of posterior malleolar fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9608-8726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting-Yu","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan-Tso","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4653-9517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Jiun","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib1","unstructured":"Combining Information: Statistical Issues and Opportunities for Research. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 1992."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.02.012","article-title":"Finite element analysis of the three different posterior malleolus fixation strategies in relation to different fracture sizes","volume":"48","author":"Anwar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-1989-7","article-title":"Biomechanical efficacy of AP, PA lag screws and posterior plating for fixation of posterior malleolar fractures: a three dimensional finite element study","volume":"19","author":"Anwar","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-015-2171-4","article-title":"Anatomy and classification of the posterior tibial fragment in ankle fractures","volume":"135","author":"Barton\u00ed\u010dek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2018.12.025","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of the posterior malleolus fragment frequently restores syndesmotic stability","volume":"50","author":"Baumbach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-799X-2-2","article-title":"Virtual Interactive Musculoskeletal System (VIMS) in orthopaedic research, education and clinical patient care","volume":"2","author":"Chao","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib7","unstructured":"Chen Cq, Wang C., Wang Ys, Zhou Y. The comparison of two surgical methods for Haraguchi type I posterior malleolus fractures. 2016;7(05):333\u2013337."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678709146395","article-title":"Epidemiology of ankle fractures in Rochester, Minnesota","volume":"58","author":"Daly","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715570895","article-title":"Influence of fragment size and postoperative joint congruency on long-term outcome of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"36","author":"Drijfhout van Hooff","year":"2015","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0006-341X.2000.00455.x","article-title":"Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Duval","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"7109","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100714540893","article-title":"Comparison of lag screw versus buttress plate fixation of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"35","author":"Erdem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Foot ankle Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib13","first-page":"64","article-title":"Efficacy of mini plate internal fixation technique vs. hollow screw internal fixation technique in treating posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"40","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib14","first-page":"938","article-title":"Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages between anti-gliding plate fixation and hollow screw fixation in the treatment of ankle joint fractures associated with posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"29","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemp Diagn Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000203489.21206.a9","article-title":"Fixation of posterior malleolar fractures provides greater syndesmotic stability","volume":"447","author":"Gardner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3388-8","article-title":"The treatment options for posterior malleolar fractures in tibial spiral fractures","volume":"41","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib17","first-page":"127","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy of hollow screws and buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"26","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bipedal Health"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib18","first-page":"108","article-title":"Comparison of three different internal fixation methods for posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"31","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mil Med J South China"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716669359","article-title":"Biomechanical analysis of stability of posterior antiglide plating in osteoporotic pronation abduction ankle fracture model with posterior tibial fragment","volume":"38","author":"Hartwich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foot ankle Int"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib20","first-page":"3690","article-title":"Comparative analysis of hollow screws and buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"22","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Forum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib22","first-page":"1346","article-title":"Comparative study of anti-gliding plate internal fixation and hollow screw internal fixation in the treatment of ankle joint fractures with posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"34","author":"Hong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Theory Pract"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib23","first-page":"109","article-title":"Clinical effect of internal fixation with hollow screw and mini-plate in the treatment of massive ankle fracture","volume":"27","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Mod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9584.1996.00012.x","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of the posterior malleolus with a posterior antiglide plate using a postero\u2010lateral approach\u2014 a preliminary report","volume":"2","author":"Huber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"71","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib25","first-page":"47","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of plate and hollow screw internal fixation surgery in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"17","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Latest Med Inf"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib26","first-page":"203","article-title":"Comparison of three posterior malleolar fixation methods in trimalleolar ankle fractures","volume":"84","author":"Kalem","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2022.37.e288","article-title":"Epidemiology of ankle fractures in korea: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"37","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib28","first-page":"553","article-title":"Importance of fixation of posterior malleolus fracture in trimalleolar fractures: a retrospective study","volume":"22","author":"Karaca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ulus Travma ve Acids Cerrah-- Derg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib29","unstructured":"Kong J. Treatment of massive ankle fractures with mini-plate internal fixation and hollow screw internal fixation and its effect on ankle joint function. 2019;21(03):230\u2013234."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200207000-00012","article-title":"Results of ankle fractures with involvement of the posterior tibial margin","volume":"53","author":"Langenhuijsen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib31","first-page":"783","article-title":"A clinical comparative study of percutaneous cannulated screw versus plate fixation for posterior ankle fractures","volume":"34","author":"Lei","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Ningxia Med Univ"},{"issue":"09","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib32","first-page":"47","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of hollow screw internal fixation technique and plate internal fixation technique in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contemp Med Symp"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib33","first-page":"96","article-title":"Comparison effect of internal fixation with cannulated screws and mini plate internal fixation for the treatment of posterior malleolus large fractures","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib34","first-page":"71","article-title":"Analysis of the curative effect of anti-sliding plate internal fixation and cannulated screw internal fixation on ankle fracture with posterior malleolar fracture","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Front Med Sci"},{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib35","first-page":"23","article-title":"Comparative clinical efficacy of buttress plates and hollow screws for internal fixation in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"China Med Device Inf"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib36","first-page":"2575","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of hollow screws and T-shape buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Henan Med Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib37","first-page":"1845","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of hollow screws and buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures in patients","volume":"23","author":"Liao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Forum"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib38","first-page":"833","article-title":"A comparative study of the curative effect of mini-plate internal fixation and hollow screw internal fixation in the treatment of massive fracture of posterior ankle","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.36.3.1671","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of internal fixation with plates and cannulated screws via the posterolateral approach on supination external rotation stage IV ankle fracture","volume":"36","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib40","first-page":"694","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of percutaneous hollow screws and postero-lateral approach buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Theory Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib41","first-page":"779","article-title":"Application effect of mini-plate and cannulated screw in the internal fixation surgery of massive fracture of posterior malleolus","volume":"22","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib42","first-page":"431","article-title":"Comparison of effectiveness between plate and screw internal fixation in treatment of posterior malleolus fractures through posterolateral approach","volume":"35","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chin J reparative Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-1111-4","article-title":"Posterior malleolar stabilization of syndesmotic injuries is equivalent to screw fixation","volume":"468","author":"Miller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib44","first-page":"7565","article-title":"Comparative study of hollow screws and buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"4","author":"Niu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Med Lit"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e151","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000230","article-title":"A to p\" screw versus posterolateral plate for posterior malleolus fixation in trimalleolar ankle fractures","volume":"29","author":"O\u02bcConnor","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2015.04.001","article-title":"Management of posterior malleolar fractures: a systematic review","volume":"55","author":"Odak","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg: Publ Am Coll Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(05)80014-3","article-title":"Disruption of the ankle syndesmosis: biomechanical study of the ligamentous restraints","volume":"10","author":"Ogilvie-Harris","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"72","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib49","first-page":"14108","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of plate and hollow screw internal fixation surgery in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"4","author":"Pei","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Med Lit"},{"issue":"04","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib50","first-page":"12","article-title":"Analysis of the treatment efficacy of two different fixation methods in posterior malleolar fractures of the ankle joint","volume":"38","author":"Peng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stud Trace Elem Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.1.000023","article-title":"Management of ankle fractures in the elderly","volume":"1","author":"Rammelt","year":"2016","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19.00207","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.19.00207","article-title":"Posterior malleolar fractures: a critical analysis review","volume":"8","author":"Rammelt","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-014-0466-8","article-title":"An update on the evaluation and treatment of syndesmotic injuries","volume":"41","author":"Rammelt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2019.09.016","article-title":"Ankle Fracture Epidemiology in the United States: Patient-Related Trends and Mechanisms of Injury","volume":"59","author":"Scheer","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg: Publ Am Coll Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib55","first-page":"330","article-title":"Effects of posterolateral approach with buttress plates or cannulated screw fixation for type IV large posterior malleolus fractures of ankle with supination-external rotation","volume":"39","author":"Shan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib56","first-page":"1328","article-title":"Comparison of the effect and safety of locking plate fixation and intramedullary nail fixation in ankle fracture patients with posterior malleolar fracture","volume":"19","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1475-7","article-title":"Comparison of the direct and indirect reduction techniques during the surgical management of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"18","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.99B11.BJJ-2017-1072","article-title":"Posterior malleolus fractures: worth fixing","volume":"99-b","author":"Solan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Jt J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009981","article-title":"Evaluation of old and new tests of heterogeneity in epidemiologic meta-analysis","volume":"150","author":"Takkouche","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib60","first-page":"131","article-title":"The effect of cannulated screw and plate internal fixation in the treatment of elderly patients with posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"23","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib61","first-page":"18","article-title":"The clinical effect of posterolateral approach hollow lag screw and plate for posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"39","author":"Tang","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Foreign Med Treat"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2012.672091","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult ankle fractures in Sweden between 1987 and 2004: a population-based study of 91,410 Swedish inpatients","volume":"83","author":"Thur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2015.05.003","article-title":"Longterm outcome of 886 posterior malleolar fractures: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"22","author":"Veltman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(17)30743-X","article-title":"Posterior fragment in ankle fractures: anteroposterior vs posteroanterior fixation","volume":"48","author":"Vidovi\u0107","year":"2017","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"03","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib65","first-page":"543","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the treatment efficacy of buttress plates and hollow screws in posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anhui Med Pharm J"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib66","first-page":"36","article-title":"Comparison of hollow screw and L-shaped plate in the treatment of spiral fracture of middle and lower tibia with posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"China Foreign Med Treat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03594-7","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy of posterior-anterior screws, anterior-posterior screws and a posterior-anterior plate in the fixation of posterior malleolar fractures with a fragment size of \u2265 15 and < 15%","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib68","unstructured":"Wells G.A., Wells G., Shea B., et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta-Analyses. 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib69","first-page":"85","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness analysis of posterior malleolar plate fixation vs. hollow screw fixation in tri-malleolar ankle fractures","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"China Pract Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib70","first-page":"56","article-title":"Effectiveness analysis of hollow screws vs. buttress plates in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"24","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Med Device Inf"},{"issue":"08","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib71","first-page":"145","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of plates and hollow screws in the treatment of haraguchi type i posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"26","author":"Xi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bipedal Health"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib72","first-page":"214","article-title":"Comparison effect of two methods for treatment of ankle fractures accompanied by posterior malleolus fractures","volume":"20","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib73","first-page":"96","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the treatment efficacy of hollow screws and plates in posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"23","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Ethnomed Ethnopharmacy"},{"issue":"03","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib74","first-page":"515","article-title":"A comparative study of ankle joint function recovery in the treatment of ankle fractures with two internal fixation systems","volume":"22","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhejiang J Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib75","first-page":"69","article-title":"Comparison the effect of hollow screw and non-gliding plate in the treatment of posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"3","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Res Pract"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib76","first-page":"201","article-title":"Comparison of two surgical methods for the treatment of ankle fracture associated with posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"32","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pract Hand Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2019.09.039","article-title":"Posteroanterior lag screws versus posterior buttress plate fixation of posterior malleolar fragments in spiral tibial shaft fracture","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib78","first-page":"944","article-title":"Clinical efficacy analysis of hollow screw vs. plate fixation in supination-external rotation type IV ankle fractures","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jilin Med J"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib79","first-page":"129","article-title":"Comparative analysis of the effects of plate and hollow screw internal fixation surgery in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J China Prescr Drug"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib80","first-page":"74","article-title":"The effect of hollow screw and mini plate in the treatment of large posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Health Stand Manag"},{"issue":"05","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib81","first-page":"98","article-title":"A comparative study of metacarpal plates and hollow screw fixation in patients with posterior malleolus fracture","volume":"29","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Misdiagnosis Mistherapy"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib82","first-page":"7","article-title":"Comparison of clinical outcomes between postero-lateral approach hollow screws and buttress plate fixation in patients with posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Equip"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib83","first-page":"30","article-title":"Application of direct reduction of hollow screws and buttress plates fixation in posterolateral approach for posterior malleolar fracture","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Foreign Med Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib84","first-page":"3236","article-title":"Clinical efficacy analysis of T-buttress plate vs. hollow screw treatment for posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"31","author":"Zhong","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Theory Pract"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004_bib85","first-page":"147","article-title":"Comparative clinical efficacy of hollow screw and plate internal fixation in the treatment of posterior malleolar fractures","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Equip"}],"container-title":["Foot and Ankle Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1268773123002382?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1268773123002382?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T11:11:57Z","timestamp":1761131517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1268773123002382"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1268773123002382"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1268-7731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1268-7731","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparison of plate versus screw internal fixation in the treatment of posterior malleolar fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Foot and Ankle Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fas.2023.12.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}