{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T05:26:30Z","timestamp":1771651590086,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Foot and Ankle Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,28]],"date-time":"2012-04-28T16:54:27Z","timestamp":1335632067000},"page":"169-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["The RAM Classification"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Raikin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Winters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199903000-00004","article-title":"Posterior tibial tendon insufficiency: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"7","author":"Beals","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2007.03.004","article-title":"Stage IV posterior tibial tendon rupture","volume":"12","author":"Bluman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2007.03.003","article-title":"Posterior tibial tendon rupture: a refined classification system","volume":"12","author":"Bluman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668010-00012","article-title":"Acquired adult flat foot secondary to posterior tibial-tendon pathology","volume":"68","author":"Funk","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00008-1","article-title":"Stage II flatfoot: what fails and why","volume":"8","author":"Hill","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00124-4","article-title":"A classification of severity with an analysis of causative problems related to the type of treatment","volume":"8","author":"Mankey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00038-X","article-title":"The indications and biomechanical rationale for various hindfoot procedures in the treatment of posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction","volume":"8","author":"Coetzee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2009.1168","article-title":"New radiographic parameters assessing forefoot abduction in the adult acquired flatfoot deformity","volume":"30","author":"Ellis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2011.0095","article-title":"Symposium: adult acquired flatfoot deformity","volume":"32","author":"Haddad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0013","article-title":"Lateral column calcaneal lengthening, flexor digitorum longus transfer, and opening wedge medial cuneiform osteotomy for flexible flatfoot: a biomechanical study","volume":"28","author":"Benthien","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-1122-1","article-title":"Correction and prevention of deformity in type ii tibialis posterior dysfunction","volume":"468","author":"Parsons","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib12","first-page":"393","article-title":"Adult acquired flatfoot deformity: treatment of dysfunction of the posterior tibial tendon","volume":"46","author":"Myerson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0781","article-title":"Deltoid ligament reconstruction with peroneus longus autograft in flatfoot deformity","volume":"31","author":"Ellis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.00045","article-title":"Correction of moderate and severe acquired flexible flatfoot with medializing calcaneal osteotomy and flexor digitorum longus transfer","volume":"88","author":"Vora","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.0435","article-title":"Calcaneocuboid distraction arthrodesis and first metatarsocuneiform arthrodesis for correction of acquired flatfoot deformity in a cadaver model","volume":"28","author":"Logel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2008.02.002","article-title":"The effects of sectioning the spring ligament on rearfoot stability and posterior tibial tendon efficiency","volume":"47","author":"Jennings","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0567","article-title":"Reconstruction of the spring ligament using a peroneus longus autograft tendon transfer","volume":"31","author":"Williams","year":"2010","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00083-4","article-title":"Operative treatment of the difficult stage 2 adult acquired flatfoot deformity [review]","volume":"6","author":"Mosier-LaClair","year":"2001","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302400510","article-title":"Anatomical reconstruction of the spring ligament using peroneus longus tendon graft","volume":"24","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070002100902","article-title":"Subtalar arthrodesis with flexor digitorum longus transfer and spring ligament repair for treatment of posterior tibial tendon insufficiency","volume":"21","author":"Johnson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402501107","article-title":"Reconstruction of the chronically failed deltoid ligament: a new technique","volume":"25","author":"Deland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2011.0021","article-title":"Minimally invasive deltoid ligament reconstruction for stage IV flatfoot deformity","volume":"32","author":"Jeng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2007.1143","article-title":"Plantar pressure analysis in cadaver feet after bony procedures commonly used in the treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon insufficiency","volume":"28","author":"Scott","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM193602202140804","article-title":"Foot statics and surgery","volume":"214","author":"Cotton","year":"1936","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2011.0278","article-title":"Radiographic analysis of an opening wedge osteotomy of the medial cuneiform","volume":"32","author":"Lutz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070402500810","article-title":"Plantarflexion opening wedge medial cuneiform osteotomy for correction of fixed forefoot varus associated with flatfoot deformity","volume":"25","author":"Hirose","year":"2004","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2007.03.006","article-title":"The Cotton osteotomy: indications and techniques [review]","volume":"12","author":"Tankson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"}],"container-title":["Foot and Ankle Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1083751512000198?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1083751512000198?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,23]],"date-time":"2018-11-23T20:25:59Z","timestamp":1543004759000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1083751512000198"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1083751512000198"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fcl.2012.03.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-7515"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-7515","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}}}