{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T01:54:15Z","timestamp":1781488455722,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005969","name":"Universit\u00e0 di Bologna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Field Crops Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T18:34:24Z","timestamp":1762540464000},"page":"110229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Sulphur and selenium foliar fertilization enhances the protein profile and reduces anti-nutritional compounds in common wheat"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"336","author":[{"given":"Yidenekachew Berhanu","family":"Beshah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Pescatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Guerrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Vivoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7454-9341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Napoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib1","series-title":"Method","first-page":"46","article-title":"Approved Methods of the American Association of Cereal Chemists","author":"AACC","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.00259","article-title":"RNAi-mediated downregulation of Inositol Pentakisphosphate Kinase (IPK1) in wheat grains decreases phytic acid levels and increases Fe and Zn accumulation","volume":"9","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.4236\/ajmb.2013.33021","article-title":"Determination and inheritance of phytic acid as marker in diverse genetic group of bread wheat","volume":"3","author":"Ahmad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11111437","article-title":"Screening of durum wheat cultivars for selenium response under contrasting environments, based on grain yield and quality attributes","author":"Ayed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2012.09.011","article-title":"Relationship of gliadin and glutenin proteins with dough rheology, flour pasting and bread making performance of wheat varieties","volume":"51","author":"Barak","year":"2013","journal-title":"LWT Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.109969","article-title":"Enhancing nutritional value of common wheat: Impact of foliar selenium application on grain yield and quality under rainfed conditions","volume":"330","author":"Beshah","year":"2025","journal-title":"F. Crop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12091789","article-title":"Physicochemical and rheological characteristics of commercial and monovarietal wheat flours from Peru","author":"Best","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.12465","article-title":"Selenium promotes sulfur accumulation and plant growth in wheat (Triticum aestivum)","volume":"158","author":"Boldrin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Plant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2014.00053","article-title":"Biofortification of wheat grain with iron and zinc: integrating novel genomic resources and knowledge from model crops","volume":"5","author":"Borrill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2017.01.009","article-title":"Improving nutrition through biofortification: A review of evidence from HarvestPlus, 2003 through 2016","volume":"12","author":"Bouis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob. Food Sec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017586220359","article-title":"Genetic diversity of wheat storage proteins and bread wheat quality","volume":"119","author":"Branlard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2006490","article-title":"Biofortification of UK food crops with selenium","volume":"65","author":"Broadley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11203252","article-title":"Effects of cysteine and inorganic sulfur applications at different growth stages on grain protein and end-use quality in wheat","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2000280","article-title":"Selenium in global food systems","volume":"85","author":"Combs","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib16","article-title":"Selenium application provides nutritional and metabolic benefits to wheat plants","volume":"14","author":"Correia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1021\/jf8031292","article-title":"Effects of genotype and environment on free amino acid levels in wheat grain: implications for acrylamide formation during processing","volume":"57","author":"Curtis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13020416","article-title":"Selenium biofortification: strategies, progress and challenges","author":"Danso","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.17221\/324\/2016-PSE","article-title":"Possibility of selenium biofortification of winter wheat grain","volume":"62","author":"Ducsay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2012.09.002","article-title":"The roles of selenium in protecting plants against abiotic stresses","volume":"87","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/50.6.1450","article-title":"Dietary calcium, phytate, and zinc intakes and the calcium, phytate, and zinc molar ratios of the diets of a selected group of East African children","volume":"50","author":"Ferguson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib22","series-title":"Selenium Deficiency and Toxicity in the Environment BT - Essentials of Medical Geology","first-page":"373","author":"Fordyce","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600645","article-title":"Complementary foods for infant feeding in developing countries: their nutrient adequacy and improvement","volume":"52","author":"Gibson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S134","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265100312S206","article-title":"A review of phytate, iron, zinc, and calcium concentrations in plant-based complementary foods used in low-income countries and implications for bioavailability","volume":"31","author":"Gibson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185383","article-title":"Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people","volume":"327","author":"Godfray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy13123077","article-title":"Nitrogen foliage application at anthesis improves grain yield and quality of wheat in a genotype-dependent manner","author":"Gu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy10020233","article-title":"Wheat grain composition, dough rheology and bread quality as affected by nitrogen and sulfur fertilization and seeding density","volume":"10","author":"Guerrini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.02074","article-title":"An overview of selenium uptake, metabolism, and toxicity in plants","volume":"7","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib29","unstructured":"HarvestPlus, 2024. 20 Years of Impact for a food systems transformation-2023 Annual Report."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib30","first-page":"354","article-title":"Selenium in higher plants: physiological role, antioxidant metabolism and abiotic stress tolerance","volume":"5","author":"Hasanuzzaman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.792770","article-title":"Selenium supplementation and crop plant tolerance to metal\/metalloid toxicity","volume":"12","author":"Hasanuzzaman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.28674F","article-title":"Iron bioavailability and dietary reference values","volume":"91","author":"Hurrell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2015.05.012","article-title":"Exogenously applied selenium reduces oxidative stress and induces heat tolerance in spring wheat","volume":"94","author":"Iqbal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s13593-023-00923-7","article-title":"Improvement of nutritional quality of food crops with fertilizer: a global meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Ishfaq","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agron. Sustain. Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2023.105961","article-title":"Selenium biofortification impacts nutritional composition and storage proteins in wheat grains","volume":"127","author":"Ismail","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.1080\/00103624.2018.1474903","article-title":"Influence of selenium on carbohydrate accumulation in developing wheat grains","volume":"49","author":"Kaur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2014.09.011","article-title":"Selenium and sulfur influence ethylene formation and alleviate cadmium-induced oxidative stress by improving proline and glutathione production in wheat","volume":"173","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Plant Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1960.03615995002400050011x","article-title":"The Determination of Available Sulfur in Soils","volume":"24","author":"Kilmer","year":"1960","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(57)03413-8","article-title":"Spectrophotometric and turbidimetric methods for measuring proteins","volume":"3","author":"Layne","year":"1957","journal-title":"Methods Enzym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7348.2006.00104.x","article-title":"Asparagine in plants","volume":"150","author":"Lea","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann. Appl. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.01.026","article-title":"Nonconventional enzymatic method to determine free asparagine level in whole-grain wheat","volume":"251","author":"Lecart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4887","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.12564","article-title":"Humic acid chelated selenium is suitable for wheat biofortification","volume":"103","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2019.05.002","article-title":"Selenium biofortification of wheat grain via foliar application and its effect on plant metabolism","volume":"81","author":"Lessa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18722","article-title":"An elite \u03b3-gliadin allele improves end-use quality in wheat","volume":"239","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"N. Phytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib45","article-title":"Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed the regulatory mechanism of sulfur application in grain yield and protein content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.05.110","article-title":"Variability in iron, zinc and phytic acid content in a worldwide collection of commercial durum wheat cultivars and the effect of reduced irrigation on these traits","volume":"237","author":"Magallanes-L\u00f3pez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.128630","article-title":"Association of asparagine concentration in wheat with cultivar, location, fertilizer, and their interaction","volume":"344","author":"Malunga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib48","series-title":"Chapter 10 - Minerals and phytates","first-page":"97","author":"Mandha","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eja.2016.05.011","article-title":"Agronomic and quality characteristics of old, modern and mixture wheat varieties and landraces for organic bread chain in diverse environments of northern Italy","volume":"79","author":"Migliorini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02925452","article-title":"Usefulness of the dietary phytic acid\/ zinc molar ratio as an index of zinc bioavailability to rats and humans","volume":"19","author":"Morris","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8951","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0623081","article-title":"Formation of High Levels of Acrylamide during the Processing of Flour Derived from Sulfate-Deprived Wheat","volume":"54","author":"Muttucumaru","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.11.147","article-title":"Supplemental selenium improves wheat grain yield and quality through alterations in biochemical processes under normal and water deficit conditions","volume":"175","author":"Nawaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib53","first-page":"939","article-title":"Estimation of Available Phosphorus in Soils by Extraction with Sodium Bicarbonate","author":"Olsen","year":"1954","journal-title":"USDA Circ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osborne, T.B., 1907. The proteins of the wheat kernel. Washington, D.C.","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.26152"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-11-1633-2007","article-title":"Updated world map of the K\u00f6ppen-Geiger climate classification","volume":"15","author":"Peel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.09.070","article-title":"Agronomic selenium biofortification in Triticum durum under Mediterranean conditions: From grain to cooked pasta","volume":"146","author":"Poblaciones","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy11112100","article-title":"The impact of selenium fertilization on the quality characteristics of spring wheat grain","volume":"11","author":"Radawiec","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture11020144","article-title":"Selenium biofortification of wheat as a strategy to improve human nutrition","volume":"11","author":"Radawiec","year":"2021","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113876","article-title":"The sulphur response in wheat grain and its implications for acrylamide formation and food safety","volume":"21","author":"Raffan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02490-9","article-title":"The importance of selenium to human health","author":"Rayman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.134749","article-title":"Assessing the phosphorus demand in European agricultural soils based on the Olsen method","volume":"379","author":"Recena","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su13052972","article-title":"Effects of heat stress on growth, physiology of plants, yield and grain quality of different spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes","author":"Riaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-016-2830-4","article-title":"Selenium fertilization strategies for bio-fortification of food: an agro-ecosystem approach","volume":"404","author":"Ros","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S1161-0301(00)00082-4","article-title":"Sulphur in crop production \u2014 invited paper","volume":"14","author":"Scherer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Agron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-020-04635-9","article-title":"Selenium biofortification in the 21st century: status and challenges for healthy human nutrition","volume":"453","author":"Schiavon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/fes3.64","article-title":"The contribution of wheat to human diet and health","volume":"4","author":"Shewry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Energy Secur"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8295","DOI":"10.1021\/jf3054092","article-title":"Natural variation in grain composition of wheat and related cereals","volume":"61","author":"Shewry","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5969","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.9872","article-title":"Agronomic biofortification of cowpea with selenium: effects of selenate and selenite applications on selenium and phyta","volume":"99","author":"Silva","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy12020351","article-title":"Effects of nitrogen plus sulfur fertilization and seeding density on yield, rheological parameters, and asparagine content in old varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"12","author":"Soofizada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s11120-005-5222-9","article-title":"Selenium uptake, translocation, assimilation and metabolic fate in plants","volume":"86","author":"Sors","year":"2005","journal-title":"Photosynth Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy8120284","article-title":"Impact of Nitrogen and Sulfur Supply on the Potential of Acrylamide Formation in Organically and Conventionally Grown Winter Wheat","author":"Stockmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2020.124178","article-title":"Selenium transport and metabolism in plants: Phytoremediation and biofortification implications","volume":"404","author":"Trippe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/40.5.1071","article-title":"A stable isotope study of zinc absorption in young men: effects of phytate and a-cellulose","volume":"40","author":"Turnlund","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.5740\/jaoacint.16-0029","article-title":"A novel and rapid colorimetric method for measuring total phosphorus and phytic acid in foods and animal feeds","volume":"99","author":"Vincent","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. AOAC Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib75","first-page":"217","article-title":"Selenium accumulation by plants","volume":"117","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2018.05.006","article-title":"Selenium metabolism in plants","volume":"1862","author":"White","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Gen. Subj."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2005.10.001","article-title":"Biofortifying crops with essential mineral elements","volume":"10","author":"White","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2008.02738.x","article-title":"Biofortification of crops with seven mineral elements often lacking in human diets - Iron, zinc, copper, calcium, magnesium, selenium and iodine","volume":"182","author":"White","year":"2009","journal-title":"N. Phytol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib79","first-page":"225","article-title":"Selenium and its relationship with sulfur","author":"White","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sulfur Plants Ecol. Prespec."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/104826","article-title":"Managing the Nutrition of Plants and People","volume":"2012","author":"White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Soil Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1006\/jcrs.2000.0385","article-title":"Correlations of the amount of gluten protein types to the technological properties of wheat flours determined on a micro-scale","volume":"34","author":"Wieser","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2020.102969","article-title":"Nitrogen and sulfur effects on hard winter wheat quality and asparagine concentration","volume":"93","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1080\/00103628209367332","article-title":"A comprehensive system of leaf analyses and its use for diagnosing crop nutrient status","volume":"13","author":"Wolf","year":"1982","journal-title":"Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-018-3133-3","article-title":"Phenotypic and genetic analysis of spike and kernel characteristics in wheat reveals long-term genetic trends of grain yield components","volume":"131","author":"W\u00fcrschum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theor. Appl. Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.15666\/aeer\/1702_21872202","article-title":"Effect of foliar application of selenium on nutrient concentration and yield of colored grain wheat in China","volume":"17","author":"Xia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.01114","article-title":"Methods of selenium application differentially modulate plant growth, selenium accumulation and speciation, protein, anthocyanins and concentrations of mineral elements in purple-grained wheat","volume":"11","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2024.109266","article-title":"Effects of selenium application on wheat yield and grain selenium content: a global meta-analysis","volume":"307","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"F. Crop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3243","DOI":"10.1007\/s42729-022-00882-0","article-title":"Impact of sulfur on biofortification and speciation of selenium in wheat grain grown in selenium-deficient soils","volume":"22","author":"Yeasmin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02458-7","article-title":"Impact and mechanism of sulphur-deficiency on modern wheat farming nitrogen-related sustainability and gliadin content","volume":"4","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2024.109639","article-title":"Effect of sulfur and potassium foliar applications on wheat grain protein quality","volume":"319","author":"Zang","year":"2024","journal-title":"F. Crop. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib91","article-title":"Potential assessment of selenium for improving nitrogen metabolism, yield and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/jcrs.1998.0241","article-title":"Sulphur assimilation and effects on yield and quality of wheat","volume":"30","author":"Zhao","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cereal Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0010(199910)79:13<1865::AID-JSFA449>3.0.CO;2-R","article-title":"Responses of breadmaking quality to sulphur in three wheat varieties","volume":"79","author":"Zhao","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1556\/0806.45.2017.028","article-title":"Conditional quantitative trait locus mapping of wheat seed protein-fraction in relation to starch content","volume":"45","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cereal Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12244442","article-title":"Agronomic and genetic strategies to enhance selenium accumulation in crops and their influence on quality","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib96","article-title":"Dissection of the Genetic Architecture for Quantities of Gliadins Fractions in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2009.06.006","article-title":"Selenium in higher plants: understanding mechanisms for biofortification and phytoremediation","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8096","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b01829","article-title":"Simultaneous biofortification of wheat with Zinc, Iodine, Selenium, and Iron through Foliar Treatment of a Micronutrient cocktail in six countries","volume":"67","author":"Zou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."}],"container-title":["Field Crops Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378429025004940?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0378429025004940?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T15:46:34Z","timestamp":1763999194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0378429025004940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":98,"alternative-id":["S0378429025004940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229","relation":{},"ISSN":["0378-4290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0378-4290","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sulphur and selenium foliar fertilization enhances the protein profile and reduces anti-nutritional compounds in common wheat","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Field Crops Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fcr.2025.110229","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110229"}}