{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T07:12:11Z","timestamp":1777446731145,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food and Chemical Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,15]],"date-time":"2007-08-15T07:15:04Z","timestamp":1187162104000},"page":"212-219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Effect of astaxanthin on kidney function impairment and oxidative stress induced by mercuric chloride in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"P.R.","family":"Augusti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.M.M.","family":"Conterato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Somacal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Sobieski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.R.","family":"Spohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.V.","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.F.","family":"Char\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.M.","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.P.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.C.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Emanuelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","article-title":"Catalase in vitro","volume":"105","author":"Aebi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Method. Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1993.tb01563.x","article-title":"Effects of dietary \u03b1-tocopherol and \u03b2-carotene on lipid peroxidation induced by methyl mercuric chloride in mice","volume":"73","author":"Andersen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2005.04.016","article-title":"Effects of lycopene against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats","volume":"212","author":"Atessahin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00067.x","article-title":"Effect of lycopene on nephrotoxicity induced by mercuric chloride in rats","volume":"100","author":"Augusti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5765","article-title":"Astaxanthin and peridinin inhibit oxidative damage in Fe2+-loaded liposomes: scavenging oxyradicals or changing membrane permeability?","volume":"288","author":"Barros","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.2000.0954","article-title":"Identification and quantification of carotenoids and their metabolites in the tissues of the human eye","volume":"72","author":"Bernstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/37.3.213","article-title":"Cadmium turnover and changes of zinc and copper body status of rats continuously exposed to cadmium and ethanol","volume":"37","author":"Brz\u00f3ska","year":"2002","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib8","first-page":"1849","article-title":"A comparison of the anticancer activities of dietary beta-carotene, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin in mice in vivo","volume":"19","author":"Chew","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.3109\/10408369708998098","article-title":"The toxicology of mercury","volume":"34","author":"Clarkson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib10","unstructured":"Cyanotech, 2002. Cyanotech reports two clinical studies of Bioastin. American College of Nutrition meeting. <www.cyanotech.com\/news\/02\/10-07-02.html>."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(00)00806-8","article-title":"The Mt. Diwata study on the Philippines 1999 assessing mercury intoxication of the population by small scale gold mining","volume":"267","author":"Drasch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(59)90090-6","article-title":"Tissue sulfhydryl groups","volume":"82","author":"Ellman","year":"1959","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1996.tb00257.x","article-title":"Effect of mercuric chloride intoxication and dimercaprol treatment on delta-aminolevulinate desidratase from brain, liver and kidney of adult mice","volume":"79","author":"Emanuelli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00097-4","article-title":"Mercuric chloride effects on rat renal redox enzymes activities: SOD protection","volume":"18","author":"Girardi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(01)00326-1","article-title":"Efficient radical trapping at the surface and inside the phospholipid membrane is responsible for highly potent antiperoxidative activity of the carotenoid astaxanthin","volume":"1512","author":"Goto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(81)77053-8","article-title":"Assays for differentiation of glutathione S-transferases","volume":"77","author":"Habig","year":"1981","journal-title":"Method. Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/10408690590957188","article-title":"Astaxanthin: a review of its chemistry and applications","volume":"46","author":"Higuera-Ciapara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02789461","article-title":"Lipid peroxidation in rats administrated with mercury chloride","volume":"52","author":"Huang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.28.47","article-title":"Antihypertensive and neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin in experimental animals","volume":"28","author":"Hussein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.29.2106","article-title":"Effects of astaxanthin supplementation on exercise-induced fatigue in mice","volume":"29","author":"Ikeuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0773.2001.d01-92.x","article-title":"Diphenyl diselenide and ascorbic acid changes deposition of selenium and ascorbic acid in liver and brain of mice","volume":"88","author":"Jacques-Silva","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000139933.20109.CB","article-title":"Delayed DMSO administration protects the kidney from mercuric chloride-induced injury","volume":"15","author":"Jo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lat. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.69.1300","article-title":"Supressive effect of astaxanthin isolated from the Xanthophillomyces dendrorhous mutant on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats","volume":"69","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.03.034","article-title":"Protective effect of astaxanthin on naproxen-induced gastric antral ulcerations in rats","volume":"514","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib25","first-page":"27","article-title":"Inhibition of oxidative injury of biological membranes by astaxanthin","volume":"22","author":"Kurashige","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiol. Chem. Phys. Med. NMR"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(90)86141-H","article-title":"Determination of carbonyl content in oxidatively modified proteins","volume":"186","author":"Levine","year":"1990","journal-title":"Method. Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib27","unstructured":"Lignell, \u00c5., 1999. Medicament for improvement of duration of muscle function or treatment of muscle disorders or diseases, Patent Cooperation Treaty Application #9911251. AstaCarotene AB, Sweden."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib28","first-page":"663","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide-induced astaxanthin biosynthesis and catalase activity in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous","volume":"73","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Cell. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent","volume":"93","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(93)90012-L","article-title":"Studies on Hg (II)-induced H2O2 formation and oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro in rat kidney mitochondria","volume":"45","author":"Lund","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1258\/000456306777695654","article-title":"Overview of the clinical toxicity of mercury","volume":"43","author":"Magos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib32","unstructured":"Mera Pharmaceuticals, 2003. <www.astafactor.com\/techreports\/tr3005-001.htm>."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib33","unstructured":"Miki, W., Hosoda, K., Kondo, K., Itakura, H., 1998. Astaxanthin-containing drink. Patent application number 10155459. Japanese Patent Office."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)45228-9","article-title":"The role of superoxide anion in the auto-oxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide-dismutase","volume":"247","author":"Misra","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1021\/jf991106k","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of astaxanthin and related carotenoids","volume":"48","author":"Naguib","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.5520200105","article-title":"Prevention of diabetic nephropathy by treatment with astaxanthin in diabetic db\/db mice","volume":"20","author":"Naito","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biofactors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","article-title":"Assay for lipide peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction","volume":"95","author":"Ohkawa","year":"1979","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib38","first-page":"158","article-title":"Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase","volume":"70","author":"Paglia","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib39","first-page":"459","article-title":"Free radical scavengers in mercuric chloride-induced acute renal failure in the rat","volume":"105","author":"Paller","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib40","first-page":"456","article-title":"Mercury toxicity and antioxidants. Part I: Role of glutathione and alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of mercury toxicity","volume":"7","author":"Patrick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Altern. Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2003.08.002","article-title":"Renal and hepatic ALA-D activity and selected oxidative stress parameters of rats exposed to inorganic mercury and organoselenium compounds","volume":"42","author":"Perottoni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(00)00319-X","article-title":"Augmentation of mercury-induced nephrotoxicity by endotoxin in the mouse","volume":"151","author":"Rumbeiha","year":"2000","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(88)90105-0","article-title":"Superoxide dismutase is preferentially degraded by a proteolytic system from red blood cells following oxidative modification by hydrogen peroxide","volume":"5","author":"Salo","year":"1988","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006861319378","article-title":"Hg (II)-induced renal citotoxicity: in vitro and in vivo implications for the bioenergetic and oxidative status of mitochondria","volume":"177","author":"Santos","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000459097","article-title":"Delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase assay","volume":"28","author":"Sassa","year":"1982","journal-title":"Enzyme"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-40422007000300017","article-title":"Influence of deproteinizing acids in erythrocytic reduced glutathione quantification by HPLC-UV","volume":"30","author":"Schott","year":"2007","journal-title":"Qu\u00edm. Nova"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-139-5-907","article-title":"Antioxidant role of carotenoids in Phaffia rhodozyma","volume":"139","author":"Schroeder","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18374","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.31.18374","article-title":"Singlet oxygen and peroxyl radicals regulate carotenoid biosynthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma","volume":"270","author":"Schroeder","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.2003.pto930607.x","article-title":"Melatonin protects against mercury (II)-induced oxidative tissue damage in rats","volume":"93","author":"Sener","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-002-0364-4","article-title":"Difference between kidney and liver in decreased manganeso superoxide dismutase activity caused by exposure of mice to mercurio chloride","volume":"76","author":"Shimojo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)00159-H","article-title":"Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal-ions","volume":"18","author":"Stohs","year":"1995","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)37406-3","article-title":"Strain difference in sensitivity of mice to renal toxicity of inorganic mercury","volume":"285","author":"Tanaka-Kagawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0426.1995.tb00022.x","article-title":"Requirements for carotenoids in fish diets","volume":"11","author":"Torrissen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ichthyol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1179\/135100002125000811","article-title":"Astaxanthin protects beta-cells against glucose toxicity in diabetic db\/db mice","volume":"7","author":"Uchiyama","year":"2002","journal-title":"Redox Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)01764-5","article-title":"In vivo protection of a water-soluble derivative of vitamin E, trolox, against methylmercury-intoxication in the rat","volume":"304","author":"Usuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-895X(25)09443-X","article-title":"Stimulation of porphyrinogen oxidation by mercuric ion. II. Promotion of oxidation from the interaction of mercuric ion, glutathione and mitochondria-generated hydrogen peroxide","volume":"38","author":"Woods","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.1021\/jf052651q","article-title":"Astaxanthin protects against oxidative stress and calcium-induced porcine lens protein degradation","volume":"54","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1996.8084","article-title":"Reductions in renal mass and the nephropathy induced by mercury","volume":"143","author":"Zalups","year":"1997","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01438-8","article-title":"Molecular interactions with mercury in the kidney","volume":"52","author":"Zalups","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9620","DOI":"10.1021\/jf0517750","article-title":"Isomerization of trans-astaxanthin induced by copper (II) ion in ethanol","volume":"53","author":"Zhao","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."}],"container-title":["Food and Chemical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278691507002785?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278691507002785?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T20:41:38Z","timestamp":1759524098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278691507002785"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0278691507002785"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-6915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-6915","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of astaxanthin on kidney function impairment and oxidative stress induced by mercuric chloride in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2007.08.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}