{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T09:36:24Z","timestamp":1788600984772,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82473749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82473749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82103959"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82103959"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24\\u201345\\u201300073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24\\u201345\\u201300073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2503100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2503100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Food and Chemical Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T08:06:19Z","timestamp":1770624379000},"page":"116007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Detoxification of T-2 toxin in human chondrocytes due to its hydroxylation by carboxylesterases and arylacetamide deacetylase in the liver"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"Shiqiang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bolun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuena","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexey A.","family":"Tinkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anatoly V.","family":"Skalny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0060-9257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumeng","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1339-5956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172323","article-title":"Prevalence and concentration of mycotoxins in bovine feed and feed components: a global systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"929","author":"Chhaya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.113262","article-title":"T-2 toxin and its cardiotoxicity: new insights on the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications","volume":"167","author":"Dai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.07.023","article-title":"Recent advances in the research of an endemic osteochondropathy in China: Kashin-Beck disease","volume":"22","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2023.107193","article-title":"T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte apoptosis contributes to growth plate damage through Smad2 and Smad3 signaling","volume":"232","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2025.111705","article-title":"Species differences in cholinesterase expression and their translational impact","volume":"420","author":"Hodbod","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.121.000513","article-title":"Differences in hydrolase activities in the liver and small intestine between marmosets and humans","volume":"49","author":"Honda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26226868","article-title":"T-2 toxin-the Most toxic trichothecene mycotoxin: metabolism, toxicity, and decontamination strategies","volume":"26","author":"Janik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.935112","article-title":"Fluorine impairs carboxylesterase 1-mediated hydrolysis of T-2 toxin and increases its chondrocyte toxicity","volume":"9","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(86)90111-5","article-title":"Metabolism of T-2 toxin by rat liver carboxylesterase","volume":"35","author":"Johnsen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5455","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c00576","article-title":"Intestinal metabolism of \u03b1-and \u03b2-glucosylated modified mycotoxins T-2 and HT-2 toxin in the pig cecum model","volume":"68","author":"Kasimir","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2009.01.012","article-title":"Metabolism and cytotoxic effects of T-2 toxin and its metabolites on human cells in primary culture","volume":"258","author":"K\u00f6nigs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02568-5","article-title":"Cellular responses to T-2 toxin and\/or deoxynivalenol that induce cartilage damage are not specific to chondrocytes","volume":"7","author":"Lei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1021\/jf200767q","article-title":"T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin: review of toxicity, metabolism, and analytical methods","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib14","first-page":"13","article-title":"The roles of carboxylesterase and CYP isozymes on the in vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin","volume":"2","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.05.007","article-title":"Chondrocyte autophagy mediated by T-2 toxin via AKT\/TSC\/Rheb\/mTOR signaling pathway and protective effect of CSA-SeNP","volume":"32","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2020.07.016","article-title":"Integrin \u03b12\u03b21 is involved in T-2 toxin-induced decrease of type II collagen in C28\/I2 chondrocytes","volume":"186","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins15080481","article-title":"T-2 and HT-2 toxins: toxicity, occurrence and analysis: a review","volume":"15","author":"Meneely","year":"2023","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-025-03621-0","article-title":"Selenium deficiency exacerbates cartilage degradation caused by HT-2 toxin via notch signaling pathway activation","volume":"64","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2024.116128","article-title":"Role of carboxylesterase and arylacetamide deacetylase in drug metabolism, physiology, and pathology","volume":"223","author":"Nagaoka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"35","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7862","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b02697","article-title":"Metabolism of the fusarium mycotoxins T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in wheat","volume":"63","author":"Nathanail","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2013.10.009","article-title":"Influence of temperature on infection, growth, and mycotoxin production by Fusarium langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides in durum wheat","volume":"39","author":"Nazari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.1064565","article-title":"Abnormal expression of TSG-6 disturbs extracellular matrix homeostasis in chondrocytes from endemic osteoarthritis","volume":"13","author":"Ning","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.121784","article-title":"T-2 toxin metabolism and its hepatotoxicity: new insights on the molecular mechanism and detoxification","volume":"330","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.70003","article-title":"Species differences in carboxylesterases among humans, cynomolgus monkeys, and mice in the hydrolysis of atorvastatin derivatives","volume":"46","author":"Takahashi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s12550-024-00518-5","article-title":"Review of neurotoxicity of T-2 toxin","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mycotoxin Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11010045","article-title":"Autophagy and apoptosis interact to modulate T-2 toxin-induced toxicity in liver cells","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3645","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-020-02899-9","article-title":"An update on T-2 toxin and its modified forms: metabolism, immunotoxicity mechanism, and human exposure assessment","volume":"94","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-014-1280-0","article-title":"Oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and metabolism of T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol in animals and humans: an update","volume":"88","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.04.016","article-title":"NOD2 pathway via RIPK2 and TBK1 is involved in the aberrant catabolism induced by T-2 toxin in chondrocytes","volume":"23","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7217","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.7b02575","article-title":"Metabolism of T-2 toxin in farm animals and human in vitro and in chickens in vivo using ultra high-performance liquid Chromatography- Quadrupole\/time-Of-flight hybrid mass spectrometry along with online hydrogen\/deuterium exchange technique","volume":"65","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b07880","article-title":"Review of the reproductive toxicity of T-2 toxin","volume":"68","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.09.040","article-title":"Difference in substrate specificity of carboxylesterase and arylacetamide deacetylase between dogs and humans","volume":"111","author":"Yoshida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmaceut. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2023.133090","article-title":"T-2 toxin induces mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes via the p53-cyclophilin D pathway","volume":"465","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hazard Mater."},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib34","article-title":"T-2 toxin induces chondrocyte extracellular matrix degradation by regulating the METTL3-mediated ctsk m6A modification","volume":"143","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11110667","article-title":"Cytotoxic properties of HT-2 toxin in human chondrocytes: could T(3) inhibit toxicity of HT-2?","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxins"}],"container-title":["Food and Chemical Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278691526000815?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0278691526000815?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T06:27:31Z","timestamp":1776148051000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0278691526000815"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S0278691526000815"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-6915"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-6915","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Detoxification of T-2 toxin in human chondrocytes due to its hydroxylation by carboxylesterases and arylacetamide deacetylase in the liver","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Food and Chemical Toxicology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"116007"}}