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A single base change in the coding region of this gene resulting in an arginine to tryptophan amino acid substitution within a polyproline binding motif associates with type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis, Hashimotos thyroiditis, Graves disease, Addison's disease, Myasthenia Gravis, vitiligo, systemic sclerosis juvenile idiopathic arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. Here, we review the current understanding of the <jats:italic>PTPN22<\/jats:italic> locus from a genetic, geographical, biochemical and functional perspective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2011.04.032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,22]],"date-time":"2011-04-22T20:29:39Z","timestamp":1303504179000},"page":"3689-3698","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Why is <i>PTPN22<\/i> a good candidate susceptibility gene for autoimmune disease?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"585","author":[{"given":"Garth L.","family":"Burn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Sanchez-Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Cope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2008.01115.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2006.00591.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.11.3020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364220"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.3.906"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21294"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20771"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/422827"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gene.6364255"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/498651"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21049"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21126"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/423790"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"1099","article-title":"Contribution of the R620W polymorphism of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 to systemic lupus erythematosus in Poland","volume":"26","author":"Piotrowski P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. 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