{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:40:17Z","timestamp":1792129217510,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,1]],"date-time":"2008-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222819200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]],"date-time":"2007-12-01T03:03:34Z","timestamp":1196478214000},"page":"1103-1108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Impact of clinical varicocele and testis size on seminal reactive oxygen species levels in a fertile population: a prospective controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Marcello","family":"Cocuzza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly S.","family":"Athayde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suresh C.","family":"Sikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio M.","family":"Lucon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Srougi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Hallak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Varicocele","volume":"5","author":"Sylora","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr Ther Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57531-X","article-title":"Experience with 425 subfertile male patients","volume":"119","author":"Greenberg","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib3","series-title":"Laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)32710-6","article-title":"Varicocele related testicular atrophy and its predictive effect upon fertility","volume":"152","author":"Pinto","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/7.5.473","article-title":"Pathophysiology of varicoceles in male infertility","volume":"7","author":"Naughton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000066849.32466.2b","article-title":"The efficacy of repeat percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration procedures","volume":"169","author":"Pasqualotto","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00313-5","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility","volume":"48","author":"Sharma","year":"1996","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(03)02211-8","article-title":"Evaluation of nuclear DNA damage in spermatozoa from infertile men with varicocele","volume":"80","author":"Saleh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68818-0","article-title":"Varicocele is associated with elevated spermatozoal reactive oxygen species production and diminished seminal plasma antioxidant capacity","volume":"161","author":"Hendin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib10","first-page":"240","article-title":"Testicular size: assessment and clinical importance","volume":"7","author":"Prader","year":"1966","journal-title":"Triangle"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib11","series-title":"Laboratory manual for the examination of human semen and sperm-cervical mucus interaction. 4th ed","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59660-5","article-title":"Predictive value of abnormal sperm morphology in in vitro fertilization","volume":"49","author":"Kruger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02211372","article-title":"Positive myeloperoxidase staining (Endtz test) as an indicator of excessive reactive oxygen species formation in semen","volume":"12","author":"Shekarriz","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(95)97088-6","article-title":"Incidence and level of seminal reactive oxygen species in normal men","volume":"45","author":"Shekarriz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib15","first-page":"58","article-title":"Fertility in men with varicocele","volume":"13","author":"Uehling","year":"1968","journal-title":"Int J Fertil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/144.3.181","article-title":"The prevalence of varicoceles in a group of healthy young men","volume":"144","author":"Thomason","year":"1979","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1998.00850.x","article-title":"A follow-up study of semen quality and fertility in men with varicocele testis and in control subjects","volume":"82","author":"Lund","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)58387-1","article-title":"Progressive testicular atrophy in the varicocele patient","volume":"117","author":"Lipshultz","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)45380-X","article-title":"Seminal characteristics in the presence of a varicocele as compared with those of expectant fathers and prevasectomy men","volume":"35","author":"Fariss","year":"1981","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1984.tb00772.x","article-title":"Reproductive history and semen analysis in prevasectomy fertile men with and without varicocele","volume":"5","author":"de Castro","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(93)90268-F","article-title":"Varicocele: a progressive or static lesion?","volume":"42","author":"Witt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(02)00075-7","article-title":"Varicocele: current concepts in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"29","author":"Fretz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib23","first-page":"S93","article-title":"The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Report on varicocele and infertility","volume":"86","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.04.071","article-title":"Increased seminal reactive oxygen species levels in patients with varicoceles correlate with varicocele grade but not with testis size","volume":"82","author":"Allamaneni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.106.001966","article-title":"Development of normal reference values for seminal reactive oxygen species and their correlation with leukocytes and semen parameters in a fertile population","volume":"28","author":"Athayde","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)61284-9","article-title":"Chemiluminescence technique for measuring reactive oxygen species","volume":"9","author":"Agarwal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.060218","article-title":"Sperm DNA damage: clinical significance in the era of assisted reproduction","volume":"175","author":"Zini","year":"2006","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib28","first-page":"S35","article-title":"The Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. The clinical utility of sperm DNA integrity testing","volume":"86","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh701","article-title":"Beneficial effect of microsurgical varicocelectomy on human sperm DNA integrity","volume":"20","author":"Zini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2605.2001.00296.x","article-title":"Varicocelectomy reduces reactive oxygen species levels and increases antioxidant activity of seminal plasma from infertile men with varicocele","volume":"24","author":"Mostafa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65109-9","article-title":"Best practice policies for male infertility","volume":"167","author":"Jarow","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1159\/000093902","article-title":"Adolescent varicocele: association with somatometric parameters","volume":"77","author":"Prabakaran","year":"2006","journal-title":"Urol Int"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028207030221?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028207030221?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T07:26:22Z","timestamp":1758007582000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028207030221"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028207030221"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Impact of clinical varicocele and testis size on seminal reactive oxygen species levels in a fertile population: a prospective controlled study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.07.1377","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}