{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T09:36:53Z","timestamp":1781602613088,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3952,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,23]],"date-time":"2011-06-23T18:05:03Z","timestamp":1308852303000},"page":"353-359.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Divergent effects of a combined hormonal oral contraceptive on insulin sensitivity in lean versus obese women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"96","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00205504","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Kai I.","family":"Cheang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina A.","family":"Essah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susmeeta","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Edmond P.","family":"Wickham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Nestler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women: data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. National Center for Health Statistics","volume":"23","author":"Chandra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib2","unstructured":"Lamb E. Top 200 Drugs of 2008. Pharmacy Times May 2009. Available at: http:\/\/www.pharmacytimes.com\/issue\/pharmacy\/2009\/2009-05\/RxFocusTop200Drugs-0509. Accessed December 18, 2009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(66)92978-3","article-title":"Some effects of oral contraceptives on carbohydrate metabolism","volume":"ii","author":"Wynn","year":"1966","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(79)92949-0","article-title":"Comparison of effects of different combined oral-contraceptive formulations on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism","volume":"1","author":"Wynn","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib5","first-page":"CD006133","article-title":"Steroidal contraceptives: effect on carbohydrate metabolism in women without diabetes mellitus","volume":"4","author":"Lopez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.24.012003.132155","article-title":"The insulin resistance syndrome: definition and dietary approaches to treatment","volume":"25","author":"Reaven","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349209156508","article-title":"Lipid and carbohydrate effects of a new triphasic oral contraceptive containing norgestimate","volume":"156","author":"Burkman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib8","first-page":"E667","article-title":"Quantitative estimation of insulin sensitivity","volume":"236","author":"Bergman","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112886","article-title":"Equivalence of the insulin sensitivity index in man derived by the minimal model method and the euglycemic glucose clamp","volume":"79","author":"Bergman","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib10","first-page":"E595","article-title":"Modified protocols improve insulin sensitivity estimation using the minimal model","volume":"253","author":"Yang","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association\/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement","volume":"112","author":"Grundy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2607(86)90106-9","article-title":"MINMOD: a computer program to calculate insulin sensitivity and pancreatic responsivity from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test","volume":"23","author":"Pacini","year":"1986","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.13.2.172","article-title":"Blood glucose area under the curve: methodological aspects","volume":"13","author":"Le Floch","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.9.1462","article-title":"Insulin sensitivity indices obtained from oral glucose tolerance testing: comparison with the euglycemic insulin clamp","volume":"22","author":"Matsuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5689.149","article-title":"Effects of obesity, glucocorticoid, and oral contraceptive therapy on plasma glucose and blood pyruvate levels","volume":"1","author":"Doar","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"Suppl 738","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib17","first-page":"1","article-title":"The influence of female sex steroids on glucose metabolism and insulin action","volume":"240","author":"Godsland","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011153232003","article-title":"The effects of different formulations of oral contraceptive agents on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism","volume":"323","author":"Godsland","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91396-R","article-title":"The efficacy and tolerability of norgestimate\/ethinyl estradiol (250 micrograms of norgestimate\/35 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol): results of an open, multicenter study of 59,701 women","volume":"166","author":"Runnebaum","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-64-3-519","article-title":"Oral contraception and insulin sensitivity: in\u00a0vivo assessment in normal women and women with previous gestational diabetes","volume":"64","author":"Skouby","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib21","first-page":"3161","article-title":"Endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin versus ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized study","volume":"85","author":"Morin-Papunen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020997","article-title":"Metformin versus ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in the treatment of nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized study","volume":"88","author":"Morin-Papunen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-0022","article-title":"Role of adipose tissue as an inflammatory organ in human diseases","volume":"27","author":"Schaffler","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000141966.69934.21","article-title":"The inflammatory syndrome: the role of adipose tissue cytokines in metabolic disorders linked to obesity","volume":"15","author":"Wisse","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.7.713","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and increased plasma concentration of c-reactive protein","volume":"100","author":"Ridker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh588","article-title":"The effect of combination therapy with metformin and combined oral contraceptives (COC) versus COC alone on insulin sensitivity, hyperandrogenaemia, SHBG and lipids in PCOS patients","volume":"20","author":"Cibula","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031158","article-title":"Drospirenone for the treatment of hirsute women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a clinical, endocrinological, metabolic pilot study","volume":"89","author":"Guido","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349509009945","article-title":"Effects of long-term administration of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate on lipid metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"74","author":"Falsetti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0282","article-title":"Comparison of ethinyl-estradiol plus cyproterone acetate versus metformin effects on classic metabolic cardiovascular risk factors in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Luque-Ramirez","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590600624317","article-title":"Contraception in perimenopausal women with diabetes mellitus","volume":"22","author":"Grigoryan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031281","article-title":"Ethinylestradiol-drospirenone, flutamide-metformin, or both for adolescents and women with hyperinsulinemic hyperandrogenism: opposite effects on adipocytokines and body adiposity","volume":"89","author":"Ibanez","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib32","first-page":"3327","article-title":"Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Korytkowski","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90460-0","article-title":"Triphasic oral contraception: metabolic effects in normal women and those with previous gestational diabetes","volume":"153","author":"Skouby","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(98)00074-2","article-title":"Effect of two oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol and gestodene or norgestimate on different lipid and lipoprotein parameters","volume":"58","author":"Wiegratz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Contraception"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028211008247?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028211008247?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T07:53:28Z","timestamp":1758009208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028211008247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028211008247"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Divergent effects of a combined hormonal oral contraceptive on insulin sensitivity in lean versus obese women","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}