{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:03:41Z","timestamp":1769159021631,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,1]],"date-time":"2011-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312156800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3952,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,6]],"date-time":"2011-07-06T12:24:40Z","timestamp":1309955080000},"page":"501-504.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effect of combined metformin and oral contraceptive therapy on metabolic factors and endothelial function in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"96","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00682890","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Paulina A.","family":"Essah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Arrowood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kai I.","family":"Cheang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swati S.","family":"Adawadkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dale W.","family":"Stovall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Nestler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.1.141","article-title":"Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Ehrmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.9.1995","article-title":"Relative risk of conversion from normoglycaemia to impaired glucose tolerance or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Norman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31802f3547","article-title":"The metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Essah","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199011153232003","article-title":"The effects of different formulations of oral contraceptive agents on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism","volume":"323","author":"Godsland","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib5","first-page":"3327","article-title":"Metabolic effects of oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Korytkowski","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020997","article-title":"Metformin versus ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in the treatment of nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized study","volume":"88","author":"Morin-Papunen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.09.010","article-title":"Use of metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"199","author":"Mathur","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.34.11.1092","article-title":"Importance of glucose per se to intravenous glucose tolerance. Comparison of the minimal-model prediction with direct measurements","volume":"11","author":"Ader","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0178","article-title":"Position statement: criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: an Androgen Excess Society guideline","volume":"91","author":"Azziz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112886","article-title":"Equivalence of the insulin sensitivity index in man derived by the minimal model method and the euglycemic insulin clamp","volume":"79","author":"Bergman","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib11","series-title":"Methods in clinical diabetes research","first-page":"13","article-title":"The minimal modeling method: assessment of insulin sensitivity and B-Cell function in\u00a0vivo","author":"Bergman","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2008.05.008","article-title":"Insulin-stimulated release of D-chiro-inositol-containing inositolphosphoglycan mediator correlates with insulin sensitivity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"57","author":"Cheang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863x06070511","article-title":"Clinical application of noninvasive vascular ultrasound in cardiovascular risk stratification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology","volume":"11","author":"Roman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib14","first-page":"3161","article-title":"Endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin versus ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized study","volume":"85","author":"Morin-Papunen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003987.pub3","article-title":"Combination contraceptives: effects on weight","volume":"1","author":"Gallo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.7.1729","article-title":"Clinical, endocrine and metabolic effects of metformin added to ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate in non-obese women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized controlled study","volume":"17","author":"Elter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590802217027","article-title":"Effects of metformin and ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate on clinical, endocrine and metabolic factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4299","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0461","article-title":"The impact of metformin, oral contraceptives, and lifestyle modification on polycystic ovary syndrome in obese adolescent women in two randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials","volume":"93","author":"Hoeger","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.02.022","article-title":"Evidence of proatherogenic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"58","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.097360","article-title":"Inflammation in atherosclerosis: from vascular biology to biomarker discovery and risk prediction","volume":"54","author":"Packard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H2874","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00762.2006","article-title":"Endothelial function across an oral contraceptive cycle in women using levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol","volume":"292","author":"Torgrimson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0725","article-title":"Effects of an antiandrogenic oral contraceptive pill compared with metformin on blood coagulation tests and endothelial function in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome: influence of obesity and smoking","volume":"160","author":"Luque-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3162","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1964","article-title":"Oral contraceptives improve endothelial function in amenorrheic athletes","volume":"90","author":"Rickenlund","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.09.034","article-title":"Endothelial function and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome: the effects of medical therapy","volume":"93","author":"Teede","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0507","article-title":"Improvement of endothelial function with metformin and rosiglitazone treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"159","author":"Jensterle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den230","article-title":"Metformin improves endothelial function in normoinsulinemic PCOS patients: a new prospective","volume":"23","author":"Romualdi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01910","article-title":"Metformin administration improves endothelial function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"152","author":"Diamanti-Kandarakis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028211008776?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028211008776?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T07:54:16Z","timestamp":1758009256000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028211008776"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028211008776"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of combined metformin and oral contraceptive therapy on metabolic factors and endothelial function in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.05.091","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}