{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:11:27Z","timestamp":1792653087330,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]],"date-time":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5024,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,17]],"date-time":"2012-05-17T00:31:08Z","timestamp":1337214668000},"page":"185-193.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome: a focused review of rodent models in relationship to clinical phenotypes and cardiometabolic risk"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Danni","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna F.","family":"Vine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61345-2","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"370","author":"Norman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2007.07.009","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Homburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199509283331307","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"333","author":"Franks","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib4","first-page":"774","article-title":"Insulin resistance and the polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanism and implications for pathogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Dunaif","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031365","article-title":"Serum interleukin-18 concentrations are increased in the polycystic ovary syndrome: relationship to insulin resistance and to obesity","volume":"89","author":"Escobar-Morreale","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra041536","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"352","author":"Ehrmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.10.007","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in the polycystic ovary syndrome: new insights and perspectives","volume":"185","author":"Cussons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(15)30642-6","article-title":"Amenorrhea associated with bilateral polycystic ovaries","volume":"29","author":"Stein","year":"1935","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.06.035","article-title":"The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report","volume":"91","author":"Azziz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib10","series-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","first-page":"337","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: towards a rational approach","author":"Zawadski","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004","article-title":"Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"81","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4237","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0178","article-title":"Positions statement: criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: an Androgen Excess Society guideline","volume":"91","author":"Azziz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2010.01.010","article-title":"Do patients with lymphoedema cholestasis syndrome 1\/Aagenaes syndrome need dietary counselling outside cholestatic episodes?","volume":"29","author":"Drivdal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2352","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/den263","article-title":"Cardiometabolic risk in polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparison of different approaches to defining the metabolic syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Cussons","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31802f351b","article-title":"Diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"50","author":"Trivax","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(18)30406-7","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian disease: animal models","volume":"17","author":"Mahajan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.06.013","article-title":"Persistent estrus rat models of polycystic ovary disease: an update","volume":"84","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod14.3.347","article-title":"Hormonal events surrounding the natural onset of puberty in female rats","volume":"14","author":"Parker","year":"1976","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib19","first-page":"119","article-title":"Accelerated 24-hour luteinizing hormone pulsatile activity in adolescent girls with ovarian hyperandrogenism: relevance to the developmental phase of polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"79","author":"Apter","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-22-4-441","article-title":"Isolation of dehydroepiandrosterone and 17alpha-hydroxy-delta5-pregenolone from the polycystic ovaries of the Stein-Leventhal syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Mahesh","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib21","first-page":"145","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and anovulation increase serum inhibin and affect follicular function during administration of gonadotropins","volume":"78","author":"Haning","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/196042a0","article-title":"Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone and delta4-androstenedione on the reproductive organs of female rats: production of cystic changes in the ovary","volume":"196","author":"Roy","year":"1962","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)41297-5","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovaries and acyclicity in the rat","volume":"26","author":"Knudsen","year":"1975","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-97-2-458","article-title":"Initiation of precocious sexual maturation in the immature rat treated with dehydroepiandrosterone","volume":"97","author":"Knudsen","year":"1975","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib25","first-page":"621","article-title":"Expression of resistin mRNA in adipose tissue of rat model with polycystic ovarian syndrome and its implication","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092310206","article-title":"Changes in ovarian morphology and serum hormones in the rat after treatment with dehydroepiandrosterone","volume":"231","author":"Lee","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199709)249:1<44::AID-AR6>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian condition in the dehydroepiandrosterone-treated rat model: hyperandrogenism and the resumption of meiosis are major initial events associated with cystogenesis of antral follicles","volume":"249","author":"Anderson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod64.1.157","article-title":"Lysyl oxidase and MMP-2 expression in dehydroepiandrosterone-induced polycystic ovary in rats","volume":"64","author":"Henmi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib29","first-page":"207","article-title":"Induction of polycystic ovary by testosterone in immature female rats: modulation of apoptosis and attenuation of glucose\/insulin ratio","volume":"14","author":"Beloosesky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.140.121","article-title":"Endocrinological and histological aspects of the process of polycystic ovary formation in the rat treated with testosterone propionate","volume":"140","author":"Ota","year":"1983","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0168","article-title":"A new rat model exhibiting both ovarian and metabolic characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"148","author":"Manneras","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(05)70188-1","article-title":"Diabetes prevalence and risk factors in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Legro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.039800","article-title":"Neuroendocrine consequences of prenatal androgen exposure in the female rat: absence of luteinizing hormone surges, suppression of progesterone receptor gene expression, and acceleration of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator","volume":"72","author":"Foecking","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E262","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90208.2008","article-title":"Transient prenatal androgen exposure produces metabolic syndrome in adult female rats","volume":"295","author":"Demissie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-103-2-501","article-title":"Effects of a single injection of estradiol valerate on the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus and on reproductive function in the female rat","volume":"103","author":"Brawer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod35.3.647","article-title":"Development of the polycystic ovarian condition (PCO) in the estradiol valerate-treated rat","volume":"35","author":"Brawer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod36.5.1229","article-title":"An intractable, ovary-independent impairment in hypothalamo-pituitary function in the estradiol-valerate-induced polycystic ovarian condition in the rat","volume":"36","author":"Simard","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod38.3.562","article-title":"Pituitary gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor content in rats with polycystic ovaries","volume":"38","author":"Carriere","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod31.3.587","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian condition in estradiol valerate-treated rats: spontaneous changes in characteristic endocrine features","volume":"31","author":"Schulster","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-3-44","article-title":"Rats with steroid-induced polycystic ovaries develop hypertension and increased sympathetic nervous system activity","volume":"3","author":"Stener-Victorin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92552-8","article-title":"Multifollicular ovaries: clinical and endocrine features and response to pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone","volume":"2","author":"Adams","year":"1985","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-64-6-1334","article-title":"Induction of ovulation by the chronic administration of naltrexone in hypothalamic amenorrhea","volume":"64","author":"Wildt","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-64-4-755","article-title":"Diurnal patterns of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in hypothalamic amenorrhea: reproducibility and responses to opiate blockade and an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist","volume":"64","author":"Khoury","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1139\/y89-140","article-title":"The role of aberrant hypothalamic opiatergic function in generating polycystic ovaries in the rat","volume":"67","author":"Carriere","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.293.6543.355","article-title":"Prevalence of polycystic ovaries in women with anovulation and idiopathic hirsutism","volume":"293","author":"Adams","year":"1986","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092280205","article-title":"Induction of Stein-Leventhal-like polycystic ovaries (PCO) in the rat: a new model for cystic ovarian disease","volume":"228","author":"McCarthy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib47","series-title":"Andrenal steroid antagonism","first-page":"77","article-title":"RU38486: an original multifaceted antihormone in\u00a0vivo","author":"Philibert","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib48","first-page":"569","article-title":"New data concerning the role played by progesterone in the control of follicular growth in the rat","volume":"75","author":"Buffler","year":"1974","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-89-2-331","article-title":"Biphasic effect of progesterone on the release of gonadotropin in rats","volume":"89","author":"Caligaris","year":"1971","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0730185","article-title":"Inhibition of ovulation in immature rats by anti-progesterone antiserum","volume":"73","author":"Mori","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod42.6.877","article-title":"A possible dual mechanism of the anovulatory action of antiprogesterone RU486 in the rat","volume":"42","author":"Sanchez-Criado","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib52","first-page":"237","article-title":"Endocrine and morphological features of cystic ovarian condition in antiprogesterone RU486-treated rats","volume":"129","author":"Sanchez-Criado","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib53","series-title":"Endocrinology","first-page":"1982","article-title":"Hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian syndrome","author":"Rebar","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346918","article-title":"Serum levels of GH, IGF-I, LH and ovarian steroids in cyclic and RU486-treated rats","volume":"20","author":"Ruiz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-65-6-1135","article-title":"Disruption of follicular maturation and delay of ovulation after administration of the antiprogesterone RU486","volume":"65","author":"Liu","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(05)70070-0","article-title":"Ovarian and adrenal function in polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59944-0","article-title":"Inhibition of folliculogenesis and ovulation by the antiprogesterone RU 486","volume":"49","author":"Luukkainen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod55.6.1284","article-title":"RU486-treated rats show endocrine and morphological responses to therapies analogous to responses of women with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with similar therapies","volume":"55","author":"Ruiz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-96-1-219","article-title":"The control of progesterone secretion during the estrous cycle and early pseudopregnancy in the rat: prolactin, gonadotropin and steroid levels associated with rescue of the corpus luteum of pseudopregnancy","volume":"96","author":"Smith","year":"1975","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-121-4-1375","article-title":"Effects of the progesterone antagonist RU486 on ovarian activity in the rat","volume":"121","author":"van der Schoot","year":"1987","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib61","series-title":"Progress in surgical pathology","first-page":"221","article-title":"Polycystic ovaries revisited","author":"Sommers","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib62","series-title":"The ovary","first-page":"561","article-title":"The polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"Erickson","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib63","series-title":"Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract","first-page":"471","article-title":"Nonneoplastic lesions of the ovary","author":"Clement","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610400007810","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular disease: risks and risk factors","volume":"24","author":"Lakhani","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5202","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.11.7140","article-title":"Changes in testosterone metabolism associated with the evolution of placental and gonadal isozymes of porcine aromatase cytochrome P450","volume":"140","author":"Corbin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.1017\/S1462399408000598","article-title":"Polycystic ovarian syndrome: pathophysiology, molecular aspects and clinical implications","volume":"10","author":"Diamanti-Kandarakis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1159\/000122062","article-title":"Effects of estrogen on plasma and pituitary gonadotropins and prolactin, and on hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting factors","volume":"9","author":"Ajika","year":"1972","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2003.10.005","article-title":"Letrozole-induced polycystic ovaries in the rat: a new model for cystic ovarian disease","volume":"35","author":"Kafali","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006828724405","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in the JCR: LA-cp rat","volume":"188","author":"Russell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4425","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1612","article-title":"A unique rodent model of cardiometabolic risk associated with the metabolic syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"150","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmg044","article-title":"Ultrasound assessment of the polycystic ovary: international consensus definitions","volume":"9","author":"Balen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmh010","article-title":"The follicular excess in polycystic ovaries, due to intra-ovarian hyperandrogenism, may be the main culprit for the follicular arrest","volume":"10","author":"Jonard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2501","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem202","article-title":"Ultrasound in polycystic ovary syndrome\u2014the measuring of ovarian stroma and relationship with circulating androgens: results of a multicentric study","volume":"22","author":"Fulghesu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-200008000-00006","article-title":"Vascular wall function in insulin-resistant JCR: LA-cp rats: role of male and female sex","volume":"36","author":"O'Brien","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e328236743f","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome update in adolescence","volume":"19","author":"Hassan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosissup.2008.09.415","article-title":"Intestinal chylomicronemia and postprandial dyslipidemia in a rodent model of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Shi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2005.00623.x","article-title":"Development of polycystic ovary syndrome: involvement of genetic and environmental factors","volume":"29","author":"Franks","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1586\/eog.10.73","article-title":"Androgens: they don't just make a man out of you","volume":"6","author":"Sen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1964.44.3.373","article-title":"Central neural control of reproductive functions of the adenohypophysis","volume":"44","author":"Everett","year":"1964","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0760135","article-title":"Timing of ovulation in rats during exposure to continuous light: evidence for a circadian rhythm of luteinizing hormone secretion","volume":"76","author":"McCormack","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(69)90510-9","article-title":"Induction of polycystic ovarian disease in rats by continuous light. I. The reproductive cycle, organ weights, and histology of the ovaries","volume":"103","author":"Singh","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-196901000-00001","article-title":"Persistent estrus: an experimental model of the polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Singh","year":"1969","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-78-5-1007","article-title":"Pituitary concentration of luteinizing hormone in three types of \u201cconstant estrous\u201d rats","volume":"78","author":"Bradshaw","year":"1966","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-81-3-497","article-title":"Pituitary ovarian function in rats exposed to constant light: a chronological study","volume":"81","author":"Lowton","year":"1967","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1159\/000123964","article-title":"Influence of continuous illumination on estrous cycle of rats: time course of changes in levels of gonadotropins and ovarian steroids until occurrence of persistent estrus","volume":"39","author":"Takeo","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1258\/002367795781088270","article-title":"Ovarian changes in Sprague-Dawley rats produced by nocturnal exposure to low intensity light","volume":"29","author":"Beys","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lab Anim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1020","article-title":"Ovarian expression of human insulin-like growth factor-I in transgenic mice results in cyst formation","volume":"59","author":"Dyck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Reprod Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E812","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00367.2002","article-title":"Obesity in transgenic female mice with constitutively elevated luteinizing hormone secretion","volume":"285","author":"Kero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-06-0057","article-title":"Transgenic overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 promotes the development of polycystic ovarian changes in female mice","volume":"39","author":"Devin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(97)81873-0","article-title":"Prenatal exposure of female rhesus monkeys to testosterone propionate increases serum luteinizing hormone levels in adulthood","volume":"67","author":"Dumesic","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-007-9046-0","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and its developmental origins","volume":"8","author":"Dumesic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmi013","article-title":"Androgen excess fetal programming of female reproduction: a developmental aetiology for polycystic ovary syndrome?","volume":"11","author":"Abbott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/0018-506X(88)90058-X","article-title":"Behavioral masculinization is independent of genital masculinization in prenatally androgenized female rhesus macaques","volume":"22","author":"Goy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib94","series-title":"Toxicity of hormones in perinatal life","first-page":"127","article-title":"Psychological and anatomical consquences of prenatal exposure to androgens in female rhesus","author":"Goy","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(98)00019-8","article-title":"Insights into the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from studies of prenatally androgenized female rhesus monkeys","volume":"9","author":"Abbott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib96","series-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","first-page":"119","article-title":"Prenatal androgen excess programs for PCOS in female rhesus monkeys","author":"Abbott","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib97","first-page":"1206","article-title":"Timing of prenatal androgen excess determines differential impairment in insulin secretion and action in adult female rhesus monkeys","volume":"85","author":"Eisner","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod37.5.1185","article-title":"Treatment of pregnant rhesus macaques with testosterone propionate: observations on its fate in the fetus","volume":"37","author":"Resko","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2003.42","article-title":"Increased adiposity in female rhesus monkeys exposed to androgen excess during early gestation","volume":"11","author":"Eisner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abbott DH TA, Dumesic DA. Fetal, infant, adolescent and adult phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome in prenatally androgenized female rhesus monkeys. Am J Primatol 2009;71:776\u201384.","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20679"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1015","article-title":"Developmental programming: impact of prenatal testosterone excess and postnatal weight gain on insulin sensitivity index and transfer of traits to offspring of overweight females","volume":"151","author":"Padmanabhan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220965","article-title":"Prenatal programming of reproductive neuroendocrine function: fetal androgen exposure produces progressive disruption of reproductive cycles in sheep","volume":"144","author":"Birch","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.035691","article-title":"Prenatal programming of reproductive neuroendocrine function: the effect of prenatal androgens on the development of estrogen positive feedback and ovarian cycles in the ewe","volume":"72","author":"Unsworth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2005.11.016","article-title":"Prenatal testosterone excess programs reproductive and metabolic dysfunction in the female","volume":"246","author":"Padmanabhan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.07097","article-title":"Disordered follicle development in ovaries of prenatally androgenized ewes","volume":"192","author":"Forsdike","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1837","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00668.2006","article-title":"Hypertension caused by prenatal testosterone excess in female sheep","volume":"292","author":"King","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(01)00632-3","article-title":"Intra-follicular activin availability is altered in prenatally-androgenized lambs","volume":"185","author":"West","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14410-8","article-title":"Formation and early development of follicles in the polycystic ovary","volume":"362","author":"Webber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0730385","article-title":"Ovulation in prenatally androgenized ewes","volume":"73","author":"Clarke","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-08-0491","article-title":"Developmental programming: prenatal androgen excess disrupts ovarian steroid receptor balance","volume":"137","author":"Ortega","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E801","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00107.2005","article-title":"Postnatal developmental consequences of altered insulin sensitivity in female sheep treated prenatally with testosterone","volume":"289","author":"Recabarren","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod48.5.1088","article-title":"Induction by estradiol-17 beta of polycystic ovaries in the guinea pig","volume":"48","author":"Quandt","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028212004372?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028212004372?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T16:17:28Z","timestamp":1775233048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028212004372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"references-count":112,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028212004372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome: a focused review of rodent models in relationship to clinical phenotypes and cardiometabolic risk","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.04.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}