{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T12:18:44Z","timestamp":1792239524645,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3494,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T16:13:53Z","timestamp":1343146433000},"page":"1103-1111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1114,"title":["Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"98","member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib1","series-title":"Human genetics","first-page":"233","article-title":"Chromosome abnormalities: origin and etiology in abortions and livebirths","author":"Jacobs","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq089","article-title":"Consecutive or non-consecutive recurrent miscarriage: is there any difference in carrier status?","volume":"25","author":"van den Boogaard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92159-F","article-title":"Recurrent miscarriage","volume":"336","author":"Stirrat","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.12.018","article-title":"Evidence-based investigations and treatments of recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"83","author":"Christiansen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fert Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31802f1c28","article-title":"Evaluation and management of recurrent early pregnancy loss","volume":"50","author":"Stephenson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib6","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Scientific Advisory Committee, Guideline No. 17. The Investigation and treatment of couples with recurrent miscarriage. Published May 2011. Available at: http:\/\/www.rcog.org.uk\/womens-health\/clinical-guidance\/investigation-and-treatment-couples-recurrent-miscarriage-green-top-. Accessed March 22,\u00a02012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58382-4","article-title":"Frequency of factors associated with habitual abortion in 197 couples","volume":"66","author":"Stephenson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.01.166","article-title":"Diagnostic factors identified in 1020 women with two versus three or more recurrent pregnancy losses","volume":"93","author":"Jaslow","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69204-0","article-title":"Recurrent miscarriage","volume":"368","author":"Rai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00389450","article-title":"Maternal age specific rates of numerical chromosome abnormalities with special reference to trisomy","volume":"70","author":"Hassold","year":"1985","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.2.446","article-title":"Cytogenetic analysis of miscarriages from couples with recurrent miscarriage: a case-control study","volume":"17","author":"Stephenson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg309","article-title":"Embroscopic and cytogenetic analysis of 233 missed abortions: factors involved in the pathogenesis of developmental defects of early failed pregnancies","volume":"18","author":"Philipp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198807283190401","article-title":"Incidence of early loss of pregnancy","volume":"319","author":"Wilcox","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)46579-9","article-title":"Early embryonic mortality in women","volume":"38","author":"Edmonds","year":"1982","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(91)90138-B","article-title":"Prognosis of a new pregnancy following previous spontaneous abortions","volume":"39","author":"Knudsen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmr011","article-title":"Reproductive outcome after PGD in couples with recurrent miscarriage carrying a structural chromosome abnormality: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Franssen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1293201","article-title":"Management of Recurrent Pregnancy loss associated with a parental carrier of a reciprocal translocation: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Hirshfeld-Cytron","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sem Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.07.014","article-title":"Poor prognosis of recurrent aborters with either maternal or paternal reciprocal translocations","volume":"81","author":"Sugiura-Ogasawara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(03)02015-6","article-title":"Reproductive outcomes in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss associated with a structural chromosome abnormality","volume":"80","author":"Sierra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib20","first-page":"17","article-title":"Genetics of recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"24","author":"Sierra","year":"2006","journal-title":"SemsReprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1293208","article-title":"Is there a role for assisted reproductive technology in recurrent miscarriage?","volume":"29","author":"Vissenberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sem Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.114692","article-title":"Microsatellite analysis reveals a high incidence of maternal cell contamination in 46, XX products of conception consisting of villi or a combination of villi and membranous material","volume":"185","author":"Jarrett","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.01753.x","article-title":"International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)","volume":"4","author":"Miyakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib24","unstructured":"ACOG. Antiphospholipid syndrome. ACOG Practice Bulletin, No.118, January\u00a02011."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58565-3","article-title":"Antiphospholipid antibody panels and recurrent pregnancy loss: prevalence of anticardiolipin antibodies compared with other antiphospholipid antibodies","volume":"66","author":"Yetman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib26","first-page":"2214","article-title":"Association between antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent fetal loss in women without autoimmune disease: a metaanalysis","volume":"33","author":"Opartrny","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod53.4.905","article-title":"Monoclonal antiphosphatidylserine antibody inhibits intercellular fusion of the choriocarcinoma line, JAR","volume":"53","author":"Adler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib28","series-title":"Immunobiology of Reproduction","first-page":"285","article-title":"Chapter 18: Antiphospholipid antibodies and placental development","author":"Rote","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod56.1.50","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody against phosphatidylserine inhibits in\u00a0vitro human trophoblastic hormone production and invasion","volume":"56","author":"Katsuragawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200001)43:1<140::AID-ANR18>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Antiphospholipid antibodies affect trophoblast gonadotropin secretion and invasiveness by binding directly and through adhered \u03b22-glycoprotein I","volume":"43","author":"Di Simone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arth Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-2712(03)00022-2","article-title":"Autoimmune disease as a cause of reproductive failure","volume":"23","author":"Rote","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinics Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod65.6.1766","article-title":"Monoclonal anti-annexin V antibody inhibits trophoblast gonadotropin secretion and induces syncytiotrophoblast apoptosis","volume":"65","author":"Di Simone","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70302-8","article-title":"Antiphosphatidylserine antibody removes annexin V and facilitates the binding of prothrombin at the surface of a choriocarcinoma model of trophoblast differentiation","volume":"177","author":"Vogt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Amer J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-000-0086-7","article-title":"The pathogenic role of annexin-V in the antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Rand","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cure Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.54.101601.152412","article-title":"The antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"54","author":"Rand","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Rev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2005.06.017","article-title":"The complement system in the pathophysiology of pregnancy","volume":"43","author":"Girardi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mole Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib37","first-page":"135","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss with antiphospholipid antibody: a systematic review of therapeutic trials","volume":"99","author":"Empson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib38","article-title":"Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant","volume":"3","author":"Empson","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181deba40","article-title":"Heparin treatment in antiphospholipid syndrome with recurrent pregnancy loss. A systematic review and meta-analyis","volume":"115","author":"Ziakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199707173370302","article-title":"Prednisone and aspirin in women with autoantibodies and unexplained recurrent fetal loss","volume":"337","author":"Laskin","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib41","first-page":"541","article-title":"The association of antiphospholipid antibodies with severe preeclampsia","volume":"73","author":"Branch","year":"1989","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349209007966","article-title":"Antiphospholipid antibodies in pre-eclamptic women: relation to growth retardation and neonatal outcome","volume":"71","author":"Sletnes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1993.tb06000.x","article-title":"Measurement of antiphospholipid antibody by ELISA using purified beta 2-glycoprotein I in preeclampsia","volume":"94","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91324-6","article-title":"Underlying disorders associated with severe early-onset preeclampsia","volume":"173","author":"Dekker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Amer J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib45","first-page":"105","article-title":"The association of antiphospholipid antibodies with severe early onset pre-eclampsia","volume":"85","author":"Moodley","year":"1995","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1996.tb00143.x","article-title":"Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with preeclampsia","volume":"36","author":"Allen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Amer J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.1996.tb00979.x","article-title":"Anti-phospholipid antibodies in preeclampsia and their binding ability for placental villous lipid fractions","volume":"22","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70608-3","article-title":"High prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities in women with a history of severe preeclampsia","volume":"180","author":"Van Pampus","year":"1999","journal-title":"Amer J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib49","first-page":"642","article-title":"Antiphospholipid antibodies other than lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in women with recurrent pregnancy loss, fertile controls, and antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"90","author":"Branch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/7.2.161","article-title":"Clinical implications of uterine malformations and hysteroscopic treatment results","volume":"7","author":"Grimbizis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01581.x","article-title":"Factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A polymorphisms as risk factors for miscarriage during a first intended pregnancy: the matched case-control \u201cNOHA first\u201d study","volume":"3","author":"Lissalde-Lavigne","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04125-6","article-title":"Increased fetal loss in women with heritable thrombophilia","volume":"348","author":"Preston","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000173986.32528.ca","article-title":"The relationship of the factor V Leiden mutation and pregnancy outcomes for mother and fetus","volume":"106","author":"Dizon-Townson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181c88918","article-title":"Prothrombin gene G20210A mutation and obstetric complications","volume":"115","author":"Silver","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1293207","article-title":"Testing for inherited thrombophilia in recurrent miscarriage","volume":"29","author":"De Jong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sem Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198812223192501","article-title":"Incidence of spontaneous abortion among normal women and insulin-dependent diabetic women whose pregnancies were identified within 21 days of conception","volume":"319","author":"Mills","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Eng J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00401047","article-title":"Relationship between haemoglobin A1C in early type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic pregnancy and the occurrence of spontaneous abortion and fetal malformation in Sweden","volume":"33","author":"Hanson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1016222","article-title":"Genotoxicity and diabetic embryopathy: impaired expression of developmental control genes as cause of defective morphogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Chang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502753451986","article-title":"Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism complicating pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Abalovich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0141","article-title":"Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"92","author":"Abalovich","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.5.1113","article-title":"Elevated pregnancy losses at high and low extremes of maternal glucose in early normal and diabetic pregnancies: evidence for a protective adaptation in diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Jovanovic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00164-2","article-title":"Hyperprolactinemic recurrent miscarriage and results of randomized bromocriptine treatment trials","volume":"70","author":"Hirahara","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199906103402304","article-title":"Time of implantation of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy","volume":"340","author":"Wilcox","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.050","article-title":"Clinical relevance of luteal phase deficiency","volume":"98","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.11.030","article-title":"A critical analysis of the accuracy, reproducibility, and clinical utility of histologic endometrial dating in fertile women","volume":"81","author":"Murray","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.03.069","article-title":"Histological dating of timed endometrial biopsy tissue is not related to fertility status","volume":"82","author":"Coutifaris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003511.pub2","article-title":"Progestogen for preventing miscarriage","volume":"2","author":"Haas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1989.tb02385.x","article-title":"A meta-analysis of randomized control trials of progestational agents in pregnancy","volume":"96","author":"Goldstein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib69","first-page":"CD003511","article-title":"Progestogen for preventing miscarriage","volume":"4","author":"Oates-Whitehead","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1989.tb02386.x","article-title":"Efficacy of progesterone support for pregnancy in women with recurrent miscarriage. A meta-analysis of controlled trials","volume":"96","author":"Daya","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brit J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib71","first-page":"329","article-title":"Infectious agents in tissues from spontaneous abortions in the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"26","author":"Penta","year":"2003","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)56661-8","article-title":"Sperm morphology and recurrent abortions","volume":"61","author":"Hill","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1080\/01485010290099390","article-title":"Sperm DNA fragmentation is increased in couples with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"49","author":"Carrell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.05.057","article-title":"Sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation as a prognostic indicator of assisted reproductive technology outcome","volume":"87","author":"Benchaib","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.10.2084","article-title":"Incidence of sperm chromosomal abnormalities in a risk population: relationship with sperm quality and ICSI outcome","volume":"16","author":"Rubio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib76","first-page":"151","article-title":"Understanding and managing the emotional reactions to a miscarriage","volume":"93","author":"Brier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2004.00292.x","article-title":"Anxiety after miscarriage: a review of the empirical literature and implications for clinical practice","volume":"31","author":"Brier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(84)80164-7","article-title":"Etiologic factors and subsequent reproductive performance in 195 couples with a prior history of habitual abortion","volume":"148","author":"Stray-Pedersen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Amer J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib79","series-title":"Early pregnancy loss: mechanisms and treatment","first-page":"433","article-title":"Recurrent abortion: the role of psychotherapy","author":"Stray-Pedersen","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.10.2580","article-title":"Depression as a potential causal factor in subsequent miscarriage in recurrent spontaneous aborters","volume":"17","author":"Sugiura-Ogasawara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.2.387","article-title":"Future pregnancy outcome in unexplained recurrent first trimester miscarriage","volume":"12","author":"Clifford","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.11.2868","article-title":"A longitudinal study of pregnancy outcome following idiopathic recurrent miscarriage","volume":"14","author":"Brigham","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000112.pub2","article-title":"Immunotherapy for recurrent miscarriage","author":"Porter","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1995.tb00960.x","article-title":"Intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"34","author":"Coulam","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a135769","article-title":"Placebo-controlled trial of treatment of unexplained secondary recurrent spontaneous abortions and recurrent late spontaneous abortions with i.v. immunoglobulin","volume":"10","author":"Christiansen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1998.tb00339.x","article-title":"Prevention of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion using intravenous immunoglobulin: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Stephenson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01201.x","article-title":"Use of intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of recurrent miscarriage: a systematic review","volume":"114","author":"Hutton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brit J ObstetGynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.12.021","article-title":"A systematic review of intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of unexplained recurrent miscarriage","volume":"95","author":"Ata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib89","first-page":"84","article-title":"Effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on reproductive health","volume":"28","author":"Lindbohm","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1293204","article-title":"Does obesity increase the risk of miscarriage in spontaneous conception: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Boots","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199902043400501","article-title":"Cocaine and tobacco use and the risk of spontaneous abortion","volume":"340","author":"Ness","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib92","first-page":"435","article-title":"Moderate alcohol intake in pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion","volume":"37","author":"Kesmodel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7251.1708","article-title":"Maternal age and fetal loss: population based register linkage study","volume":"320","author":"Andersen","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31823c0413","article-title":"Prognosis for live birth in women with recurrent miscarriage: what is the best measure of success?","volume":"119","author":"Lund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028212007017?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028212007017?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T08:00:40Z","timestamp":1758009640000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028212007017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028212007017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}