{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T06:43:16Z","timestamp":1793169796697,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":846,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,20]],"date-time":"2020-01-20T08:43:17Z","timestamp":1579509797000},"page":"417-425.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Gonadotropins versus oral ovarian stimulation agents for unexplained infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9174-3122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica R.","family":"Zolton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan H.","family":"DeCherney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3104-7763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micah J.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09417-5","article-title":"Female subfertility","volume":"360","author":"Evers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.07.1475","article-title":"Effectiveness and treatment for unexplained infertility","volume":"86","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1414827","article-title":"NICHD Reproductive Medicine Network. Letrozole, gonadotropin, or clomiphene for unexplained infertility","volume":"373","author":"Diamond","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200211000-00011","article-title":"The risk of mortality or cerebral palsy in twins: a collaborative population-based study","volume":"52","author":"Scher","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001338","article-title":"Twin pregnancy and severe maternal outcomes: the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health","volume":"127","author":"Santana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey268","article-title":"Follicle stimulating hormone versus clomiphene citrate in intrauterine insemination for unexplained subfertility: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Danhof","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.02.001","article-title":"Evidence-based approach to unexplained infertility: a systematic review","volume":"105","author":"Gunn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib8","first-page":"CD005356","article-title":"Ovarian stimulation protocols (antioestrogens, gonadotrophins with and without GnRH agonists\/antagonists) for intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with subfertility","author":"Cantineau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev062","article-title":"Low-dose human menopausal gonadotrophin versus clomiphene citrate in subfertile couples treated with intrauterine insemination: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"30","author":"Peeraer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.04.022","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial to evaluate optimal treatment for unexplained infertility: the Fast Track and Standard Treatment (FASTT) trial","volume":"94","author":"Reindollar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.06.099","volume":"90","author":"Gregoriou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138349","article-title":"Late low-dose pure follicle stimulating hormone for ovarian stimulation in intra-uterine insemination cycles","volume":"9","author":"Balasch","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.12","article-title":"A basic introduction to fixed-effect and random-effects models for meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Borenstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib14","series-title":"Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60617-7","article-title":"Letrozole versus human menopausal gonadotrophin in women undergoing intrauterine insemination","volume":"13","author":"Baysoy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del441","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of clomiphene citrate versus low dose recombinant FSH for ovarian hyperstimulation in intrauterine insemination cycles for unexplained and male subfertility","volume":"22","author":"Dankert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-011-1997-4","article-title":"Recombinant FSH versus clomiphene citrate for ovarian stimulation in couples with unexplained infertility and male subfertility undergoing intrauterine insemination: a randomized trial","volume":"284","author":"Berker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.03.012","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial to determine optimal infertility treatment in older couples: the Forty and Over Treatment Trial (FORT-T)","volume":"101","author":"Goldman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2015.03.023","article-title":"Recombinant FSH increases live birth rates as compared to clomiphene citrate in intrauterine insemination cycles in couples with subfertility: a prospective randomized study","volume":"189","author":"Erdem","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2016.04.006","article-title":"Antagonist protocol versus clomiphene in unexplained infertility: a randomized controlled study","volume":"55","author":"Nada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.02.032","article-title":"Single vitrified blastocyst transfer maximizes liveborn children per embryo while minimizing preterm birth","volume":"103","author":"Devine","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00177-0","article-title":"Efficacy of treatment for unexplained infertility","volume":"70","author":"Guzick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep341","article-title":"The relative contribution of IVF to the total ongoing pregnancy rate in a subfertile cohort","volume":"25","author":"Brandes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey051","article-title":"Natural conception rates in couples with unexplained or mild\u00a0male subfertility scheduled for fertility treatment: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"van Eekelen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028219324689?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028219324689?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T08:24:59Z","timestamp":1758011099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028219324689"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028219324689"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Gonadotropins versus oral ovarian stimulation agents for unexplained infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.042","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92019 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}