{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T07:38:48Z","timestamp":1792741128115,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":695,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T01:38:32Z","timestamp":1592271512000},"page":"97-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Growth hormone cotreatment for poor responders undergoing in\u00a0vitro fertilization cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5929-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Cozzolino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo N.","family":"Cecchino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Troiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Romanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib1","first-page":"CD000099","article-title":"Growth hormone for in\u00a0vitro fertilization","author":"Duffy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60011-9","article-title":"Effect of growth hormone on oocyte competence in patients with multiple IVF failures","volume":"18","author":"Hazout","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138153","article-title":"Supplementary growth hormone treatment of women with poor ovarian response to exogenous gonadotrophins: changes in serum and follicular fluid insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3)","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.08.018","article-title":"Growth hormone during in\u00a0vitro fertilization in older women modulates the density of receptors in granulosa cells, with improved pregnancy outcomes","volume":"110","author":"Regan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00500","article-title":"Use of growth hormone in the IVF treatment of women with poor ovarian reserve","volume":"10","author":"Hart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1054\/ghir.2002.0265","article-title":"Signalling through IGF-I and insulin receptors: where is the specificity?","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1680001","article-title":"Growth hormone: roles in female reproduction","volume":"168","author":"Hull","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib8","first-page":"241","article-title":"Add-ons in IVF programme\u2014hype or hope?","volume":"7","author":"Datta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Facts Views Vis Obgyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.183515","article-title":"Effective treatment protocol for poor ovarian response: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Jeve","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hum Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der092","article-title":"ESHRE consensus on the definition of \u201cpoor response\u201d to ovarian stimulation for in\u00a0vitro fertilization: the Bologna criteria","volume":"26","author":"Ferraretti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.02.005","article-title":"A new more detailed stratification of low responders to ovarian stimulation: from a poor ovarian response to a low prognosis concept","volume":"105","author":"Alviggi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.005","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"62","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.11.026","article-title":"Does the addition of growth hormone to the in\u00a0vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection antagonist protocol improve outcomes in poor responders? A randomized, controlled trial","volume":"105","author":"Bassiouny","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.05.034","article-title":"Addition of growth hormone to the microflare stimulation protocol among women with poor ovarian response","volume":"131","author":"Bayoumi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)56825-3","article-title":"Adjuvant growth hormone treatment during in\u00a0vitro fertilization: a randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"62","author":"Bergh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4613-4","article-title":"Increased proportion of mature oocytes with sustained-release growth hormone treatment in poor responders: a prospective randomized controlled study","volume":"297","author":"Choe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/10.1.40","article-title":"Adjuvant growth hormone therapy in poor responders to in\u00a0vitro fertilization: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study","volume":"10","author":"Dor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-012-2655-1","article-title":"Adjuvant growth hormone therapy in antagonist protocol in poor responders undergoing assisted reproductive technology","volume":"287","author":"Eftekhar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-008-9212-7","article-title":"Growth hormone co-treatment within a GnRH agonist long protocol in patients with poor ovarian response: a prospective, randomized, clinical trial","volume":"25","author":"Kucuk","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2019.02.003","article-title":"Human growth hormone for poor responders: a randomized placebo-controlled trial provides no evidence for improved live birth rate","volume":"38","author":"Norman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)54724-4","article-title":"Cotreatment with growth hormone, after pituitary suppression, for ovarian stimulation in in\u00a0vitro fertilization: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-control trial","volume":"56","author":"Owen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2019.20.7.2033","article-title":"Growth hormone (GH) improvement of ovarian responses and pregnancy outcome in poor ovarian responders: a randomized study","volume":"20","author":"Safdarian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58217-X","article-title":"Double-blind placebo controlled study: human biosynthetic growth hormone for assisted reproductive technology","volume":"65","author":"Suikkari","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2018.06.035","article-title":"The addition of growth hormone adjuvant therapy to the long down regulation protocol in poor responders undergoing in\u00a0vitro fertilization: randomized control trial","volume":"228","author":"Dakhly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 2nd ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2019.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.12.077","article-title":"How to improve the probability of pregnancy in poor responders undergoing in\u00a0vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Kyrou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-018-1383-2","article-title":"Testosterone therapy for women with poor ovarian response undergoing IVF: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","author":"Noventa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.11.028","article-title":"\u201cDelayed start\u201d gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in Bologna poor-responders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"244","author":"Cozzolino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmp026","article-title":"Addition of growth hormone to gonadotrophins in ovarian stimulation of poor responders treated by in-vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Kolibianakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6443","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006443","article-title":"The influence of different growth hormone addition protocols to poor ovarian responders on clinical outcomes in controlled ovary stimulation cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S246","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.84876","article-title":"Growth hormone in the management of female infertility","volume":"15","author":"Magon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4104","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220087","article-title":"Growth hormone is required for ovarian follicular growth","volume":"143","author":"Bachelot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00946","article-title":"Reduced recruitment and survival of primordial and growing follicles in GH receptor-deficient mice","volume":"131","author":"Slot","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0494","article-title":"A direct action for GH in improvement of oocyte quality in poor-responder patients","volume":"149","author":"Weall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2018.02.007","article-title":"The role of mitochondrial activity in female fertility and assisted reproductive technologies: overview and current insights","volume":"36","author":"Cecchino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00775","article-title":"The effect of growth hormone on the clinical outcomes of poor ovarian reserve patients undergoing in\u00a0vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment: a retrospective study based on POSEIDON criteria","volume":"10","author":"Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-016-0603-9","article-title":"Short-term, supra-physiological rhGH administration induces transient DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of healthy women","volume":"40","author":"Fantini","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028220302521?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028220302521?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T08:26:48Z","timestamp":1758011208000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028220302521"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028220302521"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Growth hormone cotreatment for poor responders undergoing in\u00a0vitro fertilization cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.03.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92020 American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}