{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T02:25:48Z","timestamp":1790216748755,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015087","name":"Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA177558"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA177558"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015087","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01HD71875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01HD71875"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD096077"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD096077"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R03HD095098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03HD095098"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T23:36:18Z","timestamp":1628638578000},"page":"1631-1640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ovulatory upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, in dominant follicles of the human ovary"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Yohan","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayce","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6081-9101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mats","family":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Akin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Thomas E.","family":"Curry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6894-3388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Misung","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb2762","article-title":"Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2","volume":"367","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.5.e1","article-title":"A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1\u20139","volume":"87","author":"Donoghue","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14838","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200581200","article-title":"Hydrolysis of biological peptides by human angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase","volume":"277","author":"Vickers","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33238","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M002615200","article-title":"A human homolog of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Cloning and functional expression as a captopril-insensitive carboxypeptidase","volume":"275","author":"Tipnis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199305000-00001","article-title":"Molecular biology of the angiotensin I converting enzyme: I. Biochemistry and structure of the gene","volume":"11","author":"Soubrier","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2003.09.034","article-title":"The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the kidney: effects on kidney disease","volume":"116","author":"Brewster","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201000080","article-title":"Angiotensin II revisited: new roles in inflammation, immunology and aging","volume":"2","author":"Benigni","year":"2010","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-12-0341","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, angiotensin-(1\u20137) and Mas: new players of the renin-angiotensin system","volume":"216","author":"Santos","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00023.2016","article-title":"The ACE2\/angiotensin-(1\u20137)\/MAS axis of the renin-angiotensin system: focus on angiotensin-(1\u20137)","volume":"98","author":"Santos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06892","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 metabolizes and partially inactivates Pyr-Apelin-13 and Apelin-17: physiological effects in the cardiovascular system","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600640","article-title":"Receptor and viral determinants of SARS-coronavirus adaptation to human ACE2","volume":"24","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.46695","article-title":"A comprehensive investigation of the mRNA and protein level of ACE2, the putative receptor of SARS-CoV-2, in human tissues and blood cells","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1570","article-title":"Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. A first step in understanding SARS pathogenesis","volume":"203","author":"Hamming","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4703","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0443","article-title":"The novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) homolog, ACE2, is selectively expressed by adult Leydig cells of the testis","volume":"145","author":"Douglas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320311417273","article-title":"Molecular characterization and regulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2\/angiotensin-(1\u20137)\/MAS receptor axis during the ovulation process in cattle","volume":"13","author":"Tonellotto dos Santos","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719109343309","article-title":"Gonadotropin stimulation increases the expression of angiotensin-(1\u20137) and MAS receptor in the rat ovary","volume":"16","author":"Pereira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.058453","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1\u20137) induces ovulation and steroidogenesis in perfused rabbit ovaries","volume":"96","author":"Viana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.06.060","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1\u20137), its receptor Mas, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 are expressed in the human ovary","volume":"95","author":"Reis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2002-220787","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1\u20137): a novel peptide in the ovary","volume":"144","author":"Costa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.061960","article-title":"Evidence that angiotensin-(1\u20137) is an intermediate of gonadotrophin-induced oocyte maturation in the rat preovulatory follicle","volume":"97","author":"Honorato-Sampaio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-07-0239","article-title":"The role of angiotensin II in the early stages of bovine ovulation","volume":"134","author":"Ferreira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70248-0","article-title":"Saralasin-induced inhibition of ovulation in the in\u00a0vitro perfused rat ovary is not replicated by the angiotensin II type-2 receptor antagonist PD123319","volume":"179","author":"Mikuni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex072","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1\u20137) in human follicular fluid correlates with oocyte maturation","volume":"32","author":"Cavallo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00075","article-title":"Ovulation: parallels with inflammatory processes","volume":"40","author":"Duffy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1093\/nsr\/nwaa123","article-title":"Autopsy of COVID-19 patients in China","volume":"7","author":"Bian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Natl Sci Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3358","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1874","article-title":"Chemokine ligand 20: a signal for leukocyte recruitment during human ovulation?","volume":"156","author":"Al-Alem","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gal086","article-title":"Gelatinases and their inhibitors during human ovulation: increased expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix mtalloproteinase-1","volume":"12","author":"Lind","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3153","article-title":"Coordinated regulation among progesterone, prostaglandins, and EGF-like factors in human ovulatory follicles","volume":"102","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(\u2013delta delta C(T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.114.123711","article-title":"Angiogenesis in the primate ovulatory follicle is stimulated by luteinizing hormone via prostaglandin E2","volume":"92","author":"Trau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.025163","article-title":"An alternatively spliced isoform of PECAM-1 is expressed at high levels in human and murine tissues, and suggests a novel role for the C-terminus of PECAM-1 in cytoprotective signaling","volume":"121","author":"Bergom","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaq089","article-title":"Dynamics of the transcriptome in the primate ovulatory follicle","volume":"17","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C767","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00247.2014","article-title":"Functional and molecular evidence for expression of the renin angiotensin system and ADAM17-mediated ACE2 shedding in COS7 cells","volume":"308","author":"Grobe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa211","article-title":"The SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, is required for human endometrial stromal cell decidualization","volume":"104","author":"Chadchan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.47652","article-title":"Glucocorticoids improve severe or critical COVID-19 by activating ACE2 and reducing IL-6 levels","volume":"16","author":"Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R45","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-20-0260","article-title":"Endocrine aspects of ACE2 regulation: RAAS, steroid hormones and SARS-CoV-2","volume":"247","author":"Young","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4572","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21134572","article-title":"Involvement of ACE2\/Ang-(1\u20137)\/MAS1 axis in the regulation of ovarian function in mammals","volume":"21","author":"Domi\u0144ska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-11-0192","article-title":"Role of angiotensin in ovarian follicular development and ovulation in mammals: a review of recent advances","volume":"143","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1250425","article-title":"Role of the angiotensin II system in regulation of ovulation and blood flow in the rat ovary","volume":"125","author":"Mitsube","year":"2003","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib40","first-page":"33","article-title":"Human eggs, zygotes, and embryos express the receptor angiotensin 1-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane serine protease 2 protein necessary for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection","volume":"2","author":"Rajput","year":"2021","journal-title":"F S Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009_bib41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Does COVID-19 infection influence patients' performance during IVF-ET cycle?: an observational study","volume":"11","author":"Orvieto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028221019324?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028221019324?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T08:36:23Z","timestamp":1758011783000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028221019324"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028221019324"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ovulatory upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, in dominant follicles of the human ovary","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92021 American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}