{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T02:55:08Z","timestamp":1788576908605,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BPS-2022C3-30268"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BPS-2022C3-30268"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HD111643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HD111643"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3-OD035537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3-OD035537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN275201500001C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN275201500001C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T09:57:28Z","timestamp":1724320648000},"page":"300-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Target trial emulation of preconception serum vitamin D status on fertility outcomes: a couples-based approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1600-8328","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia D.","family":"DiTosto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen C.","family":"Caniglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie N.","family":"Hinkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naria","family":"Sealy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique F.","family":"Schisterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Johnstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Mendola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Hotaling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ginny","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunni L.","family":"Mumford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2015-0051","article-title":"Is there a role for vitamin D in human reproduction?","volume":"25","author":"Nandi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0984","article-title":"Vitamin D and fertility: a systematic review","volume":"166","author":"Lerchbaum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz037","article-title":"Vitamin D status in the United States, 2011-2014","volume":"110","author":"Herrick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib4","series-title":"Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30153-0","article-title":"Association of preconception serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with livebirth and pregnancy loss: a prospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Mumford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137573","article-title":"The relationship between endogenous oestradiol and vitamin D3 metabolites in serum and follicular fluid during ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer","volume":"7","author":"Potashnik","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.05.019","article-title":"Replete vitamin D stores predict reproductive success following in\u00a0vitro fertilization","volume":"94","author":"Ozkan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dez170","article-title":"Pre-conception 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and fecundability","volume":"34","author":"Jukic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2538-6","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D supplementation on assisted reproduction technology (ART) outcomes and underlying biological mechanisms: protocol of a randomized clinical controlled trial. The \u201csupplementation of vitamin D and reproductive outcome\u201d (SUNDRO) study","volume":"19","author":"Paffoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0769-7","article-title":"Vitamin D and assisted reproductive treatment outcome: a prospective cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.190057","article-title":"Vitamin D and male fertility: an updated review","volume":"38","author":"Cito","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01656","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D supplementation on semen quality, reproductive hormones, and live birth rate: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"103","author":"Blomberg Jensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.05.037","article-title":"Association of vitamin D intake and serum levels with fertility: results from the lifestyle and fertility study","volume":"108","author":"Fung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib14","first-page":"3982","article-title":"Distribution and determinants of vitamin D-binding protein, total, \u201cnon-bioavailable\u201d","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"bioavailable, and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations among older adults. Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00317","article-title":"Vitamin D binding protein, total and free vitamin D levels in different physiological and pathophysiological conditions","volume":"10","author":"Bikle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv254","article-title":"Using big data to emulate a target trial when a randomized trial is not available","volume":"183","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S349874","article-title":"Association between body mass index and female infertility in the united states: data from national health and nutrition examination survey 2013-2018","volume":"15","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del400","article-title":"Obesity and time to pregnancy","volume":"22","author":"Gesink Law","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.50681","article-title":"Association of body weight with response to vitamin D supplementation and metabolism","volume":"6","author":"Tobias","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12726","article-title":"Adiposity is associated with anovulation independent of serum free testosterone: a prospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Bloom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60157-4","article-title":"Preconception low-dose aspirin and pregnancy outcomes: results from the EAGeR randomised trial","volume":"384","author":"Schisterman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz217","article-title":"A randomized trial to evaluate the effects of folic acid and zinc supplementation on male fertility and livebirth: design and baseline characteristics","volume":"189","author":"Schisterman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.18714","article-title":"Effect of folic acid and zinc supplementation in men on semen quality and live birth among couples undergoing infertility treatment: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"323","author":"Schisterman","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa073","article-title":"A Prospective cohort study to evaluate the impact of diet, exercise, and lifestyle on fertility: design and baseline characteristics","volume":"189","author":"Mumford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.05.021","article-title":"Performance evaluation of four 25-hydroxyvitamin D assays to measure 25-hydroxyvitamin D2","volume":"48","author":"Freeman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-012-9693-3","article-title":"Vitamin D assays: past and present debates, difficulties, and developments","volume":"92","author":"Fraser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2015.244541","article-title":"Measurement by a novel LC-MS\/MS methodology reveals similar serum concentrations of vitamin D-binding protein in Blacks and Whites","volume":"62","author":"Henderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.387","article-title":"Vitamin D-binding protein modifies the vitamin D-bone mineral density relationship","volume":"26","author":"Powe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib29","series-title":"Laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib30","series-title":"Laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human sperm","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-038-0_13","article-title":"Sperm DNA damage measured by comet assay","volume":"927","author":"Simon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.4103\/1008-682X.182822","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of sperm DNA damage on in\u00a0vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome","volume":"19","author":"Simon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian J Androl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001601","article-title":"Emulating target trials to avoid immortal time bias - an application to antibiotic initiation and preterm delivery","volume":"34","author":"Caniglia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0597-x","article-title":"Avoidable flaws in observational analyses: an application to statins and cancer","volume":"25","author":"Dickerman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2016.04.014","article-title":"Specifying a target trial prevents immortal time bias and other self-inflicted injuries in observational analyses","volume":"79","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.315896","article-title":"Metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity","volume":"126","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib37","first-page":"69","article-title":"Vitamin D and inflammatory diseases","volume":"7","author":"Yin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2511","article-title":"Coffee, tea, colas, and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer","volume":"17","author":"Song","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.3.674","article-title":"Validation of a soy food-frequency questionnaire and evaluation of correlates of plasma isoflavone concentrations in postmenopausal women","volume":"77","author":"Frankenfeld","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.157222","article-title":"Alternative dietary indices both strongly predict risk of chronic disease","volume":"142","author":"Chiuve","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.10.057","article-title":"Preconception exposures and postconception outcomes: selection bias in action","volume":"114","author":"Flannagan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2016.58928","article-title":"Obesity and inflammation: the linking mechanism and the complications","volume":"13","author":"Ellulu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.138404","article-title":"Dairy intake and fecundability in 2 preconception cohort studies","volume":"105","author":"Corrigendum for Wise","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-015-0127-5","article-title":"Prepregnancy nutrition and early pregnancy outcomes","volume":"4","author":"Gaskins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Nutr Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.04.234","article-title":"Single oral dose of vitamin D3 supplementation prior to in\u00a0vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in normal weight women: the SUNDRO randomized controlled trial","volume":"225","author":"Somigliana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028224019630?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028224019630?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T01:27:54Z","timestamp":1770686874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028224019630"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028224019630"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Target trial emulation of preconception serum vitamin D status on fertility outcomes: a couples-based approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.08.332","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92024 American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}