{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T02:01:27Z","timestamp":1780279287167,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01AI143653"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01AI143653"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3 OD035537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3 OD035537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD11230801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD11230801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HD111643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HD111643"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN267200603423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN267200603423"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022110","name":"bioM\u00e9rieux","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022110","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","fertstert.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,17]],"date-time":"2024-12-17T19:27:40Z","timestamp":1734463660000},"page":"1072-1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Preconception Chlamydia trachomatis seropositivity and fecundability, live birth, and adverse pregnancy outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6747-8821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yajnaseni","family":"Chakraborti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie N.","family":"Hinkle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen Skov","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine L.","family":"Haggerty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toni","family":"Darville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunni L.","family":"Mumford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique F.","family":"Schisterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Silver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8234-1815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandie DePaoli","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib1","first-page":"e1","article-title":"A public health focus on infertility prevention, detection, and management","volume":"93","author":"Macaluso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/8.4.333","article-title":"Conception to ongoing pregnancy: the \u201cblack box\u201d of early pregnancy loss","volume":"8","author":"Macklon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.09.016","article-title":"Second-trimester loss and subsequent pregnancy outcomes: what is the real risk?","volume":"197","author":"Edlow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022593601948","article-title":"History of fetal loss and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in relation to subsequent risk of preterm delivery","volume":"7","author":"El-Bastawissi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib5","first-page":"444","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome following a second-trimester loss","volume":"81","author":"Goldenberg","year":"1993","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib6","first-page":"76","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"2","author":"Ford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.140096sr","article-title":"Immunological determinants of implantation success","volume":"58","author":"Robertson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00831.x","article-title":"Immunology of pre-eclampsia","volume":"63","author":"Redman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol N Y N"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.05.041","article-title":"Chorioamniotic membrane senescence: a signal for parturition?","volume":"213","author":"Behnia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.64","article-title":"The unique immunological and microbial aspects of pregnancy","volume":"17","author":"Mor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S134","DOI":"10.1086\/652395","article-title":"Risk of sequelae after Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in women","volume":"201","author":"Haggerty","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152810","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis Pgp3 antibody population seroprevalence before and during an era of widespread opportunistic Chlamydia screening in England (1994-2012)","volume":"12","author":"Woodhall","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001434","article-title":"Chlamydial Pgp3 seropositivity and population-attributable fraction among women with tubal factor infertility","volume":"49","author":"Anyalechi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab031","article-title":"Pelvic inflammatory disease due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis: immune evasion mechanisms and pathogenic disease pathways","volume":"224","author":"Darville","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.12.056","article-title":"Mycoplasma genitalium, Chlamydia trachomatis, and tubal factor infertility\u2014a prospective study","volume":"90","author":"Svenstrup","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S114","DOI":"10.1086\/652397","article-title":"Pathogenesis of genital tract disease due to Chlamydia trachomatis","volume":"201","author":"Darville","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2008.008388","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: a case-control study","volume":"20","author":"Silveira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv041","article-title":"The role of infection in miscarriage","volume":"22","author":"Giakoumelou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib20","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis-induced cell-mediated and humoral immune response in women with unexplained infertility","volume":"80","author":"Rantsi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.08.022","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G3 seropositivity is a predictor of reproductive outcomes in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes","volume":"104","author":"Steiner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1709.100865","article-title":"Role of Chlamydia trachomatis in miscarriage","volume":"17","author":"Baud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0272.2002.00520.x","article-title":"First-trimester pregnancy loss and active Chlamydia trachomatis infection: correlation and ultrastructural evidence","volume":"34","author":"Vigil","year":"2002","journal-title":"Andrologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90270-5","article-title":"Prevalence of antibody to Chlamydia trachomatis in spontaneous abortion and infertility","volume":"156","author":"Quinn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)91647-0","article-title":"Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis in sera of women with recurrent spontaneous abortions","volume":"167","author":"Witkin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104696","article-title":"Associations of Chlamydia trachomatis serology with fertility-related and pregnancy adverse outcomes in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"94","author":"Zuo","year":"2023","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1983.tb08903.x","article-title":"Cervical and serum IgA and serum IgG antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and herpes simplex virus in threatened abortion: a prospective study","volume":"90","author":"Gr\u00f6nroos","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1984.tb04733.x","article-title":"Spontaneous abortion\u2014an infectious aetiology?","volume":"91","author":"Munday","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137535","article-title":"Risk factors for spontaneous abortion: a case-control study in France","volume":"6","author":"Coste","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09665.x","article-title":"Chlamydial antibodies in women who suffer miscarriage","volume":"103","author":"Osser","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)00269-1","article-title":"Lack of association between serum antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and a history of recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"72","author":"Paukku","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(94)70282-9","article-title":"Chlamydial serologic studies and recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"170","author":"Rae","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2018-0368","article-title":"The role of aspirin and inflammation on reproduction: the EAGeR trial","volume":"97","author":"Levine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2917","article-title":"Preconception low-dose aspirin restores diminished pregnancy and live birth rates in women with low-grade inflammation: a secondary analysis of a randomized trial","volume":"102","author":"Sjaarda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12088","article-title":"A randomised trial to evaluate the effects of low-dose aspirin in gestation and reproduction: design and baseline characteristics","volume":"27","author":"Schisterman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60157-4","article-title":"Preconception low-dose aspirin and pregnancy outcomes: results from the EAGeR randomised trial","volume":"384","author":"Schisterman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00484-18","article-title":"Mixed Chlamydia trachomatis peptide antigens provide a specific and sensitive single-well colorimetric enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of human anti-C. trachomatis antibodies","volume":"3","author":"Rahman","year":"2018","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00253-18","article-title":"Comprehensive molecular serology of human Chlamydia trachomatis infections by peptide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays","volume":"3","author":"Rahman","year":"2018","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev329","article-title":"Expanded findings from a randomized controlled trial of preconception low-dose aspirin and pregnancy loss","volume":"31","author":"Mumford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP12287","article-title":"Preconception phthalate exposure and women\u2019s reproductive health: pregnancy, pregnancy loss, and underlying mechanisms","volume":"131","author":"Nobles","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000736","article-title":"Low-dose aspirin and preterm birth: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"125","author":"Silver","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib42","first-page":"1","article-title":"mice: multivariate imputation by chained equations in R","volume":"45","author":"van Buuren","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib43","series-title":"Flexible imputation of missing data","author":"van Buuren","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5753","article-title":"A tutorial on propensity score estimation for multiple treatments using generalized boosted models","volume":"32","author":"McCaffrey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-016-0356-9","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of genital chlamydia infection in pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"17","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02607-7","article-title":"The combined impact of persistent infections and human genetic variation on C-reactive protein levels","volume":"20","author":"Hodel","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoz029","article-title":"C-reactive protein as a marker of persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection is not associated with tubal factor infertility-an independent clinical validation study","volume":"2019","author":"Jansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh710","article-title":"Serological markers of persistent C. trachomatis infections in women with tubal factor subfertility","volume":"20","author":"den Hartog","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.006","article-title":"Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense","volume":"9","author":"Netea","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/47.3.444","article-title":"Variability and classification accuracy of serial high-sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements in healthy adults","volume":"47","author":"Ockene","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e550","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000148981.71644.C7","article-title":"CDC\/AHA workshop on markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice: report from the clinical practice discussion group","volume":"110","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000864","article-title":"Web site and R package for computing E-values","volume":"29","author":"Mathur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607","article-title":"Sensitivity analysis in observational research: introducing the E-value","volume":"167","author":"VanderWeele","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59772-6","article-title":"Tubal factor infertility: an association with prior chlamydial infection and asymptomatic salpingitis","volume":"49","author":"Sellors","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136888","article-title":"Tubal infertility and silent chlamydial salpingitis","volume":"4","author":"Osser","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/525182","article-title":"Antichlamydial antibodies, human fertility, and pregnancy wastage","volume":"2011","author":"Stephens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-010-0171-4","article-title":"Immunopathogenic consequences of Chlamydia trachomatis 60 kDa heat shock protein expression in the female reproductive tract","volume":"15","author":"Linhares","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Stress Chaperones"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.4.2.235","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease","volume":"4","author":"Haggerty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31829006d9","article-title":"Tubal factor infertility and perinatal risk after assisted reproductive technology","volume":"121","author":"Kawwass","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.07.016","article-title":"Systolic blood pressure and fatty acid-binding protein 4 predict pregnancy-induced hypertension in overweight nulliparous women","volume":"35","author":"Tuuri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1308.070315","article-title":"Waddlia chondrophila, a potential agent of human fetal death","volume":"13","author":"Baud","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3282f3e6a5","article-title":"Emerging role of Chlamydia and Chlamydia-like organisms in adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"21","author":"Baud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.09.061","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic endometritis in recurrent miscarriages","volume":"95","author":"Kitaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.09.025","article-title":"Chronic endometritis in women with recurrent pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure: prevalence and role of office hysteroscopy and immunohistochemistry in diagnosis","volume":"105","author":"Bouet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.5653\/cerm.2016.43.4.185","article-title":"Chronic endometritis and infertility","volume":"43","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.12.031","article-title":"Chronic endometritis in women with recurrent early pregnancy loss and\/or fetal demise","volume":"101","author":"McQueen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00203-17","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis: the Persistent Pathogen","volume":"24","author":"Witkin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/5.5.433","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis: impact on human reproduction","volume":"5","author":"Paavonen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.09.001","article-title":"Evaluation of peripheral and uterine immune status of chronic endometritis in patients with recurrent reproductive failure","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2009.00698.x","article-title":"Abnormal pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations in the endometrium of infertile women with chronic endometritis","volume":"61","author":"Matteo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.12.010","article-title":"Endometrial causes of recurrent pregnancy losses: endometriosis, adenomyosis, and chronic endometritis","volume":"115","author":"Pirtea","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008078","article-title":"Fosmidomycin, an inhibitor of isoprenoid synthesis, induces persistence in Chlamydia by inhibiting peptidoglycan assembly","volume":"15","author":"Slade","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017_bib73","article-title":"Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2022: National Overview","year":"2024"}],"container-title":["Fertility and Sterility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028224024488?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0015028224024488?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T01:39:13Z","timestamp":1780277953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0015028224024488"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0015028224024488"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0015-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0015-0282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Preconception Chlamydia trachomatis seropositivity and fecundability, live birth, and adverse pregnancy outcomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fertility and Sterility","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2024.12.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a92024 American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}