{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T05:08:51Z","timestamp":1768540131196,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Fitoterapia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T16:00:16Z","timestamp":1762012816000},"page":"106961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The genus Caralluma: Traditional use, phytochemistry, nutritional value, pharmacology, nanoformulation, and toxicology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Nguyen Thi Thuy","family":"Linh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Do Thi Lan","family":"Huong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huynh Thi Ngoc","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chu Anh","family":"Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Thi","family":"Hanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duong Quang","family":"Huan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ninh The","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2023.109198","article-title":"Anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory constituents from Caralluma awdeliana, a medicinal plant from Yemen","volume":"193","author":"El-Shiekh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1080\/13102818.2017.1379362","article-title":"Free-radical-scavenging and antioxidant capacities with special emphasis on enzyme activities and in vitro studies in Caralluma flava N. E. Br","volume":"32","author":"Karthishwaran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2010.1555","article-title":"Pharmacological review of Caralluma R.Br. with special reference to appetite suppression and anti-obesity","volume":"15","author":"Dutt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Food"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2012.04.003","article-title":"Acylated pregnane glycosides from Caralluma sinaica","volume":"79","author":"Al-Massarani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2022.132858","article-title":"Arabincosides A\u2013D, pregnane glycosides isolated from Caralluma arabica","volume":"119","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tetrahedron"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(02)00678-7","article-title":"Further constituents from Caralluma negevensis","volume":"62","author":"Bader","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)82229-3","article-title":"A 3,4-Seco-Triterpene from Caralluma buchardll","volume":"19","author":"Castro","year":"1980","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2020.01.015","article-title":"New pregnane glycosides from Caralluma hexagona lavranos and their In Vitro \u03b1-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects","volume":"36","author":"Shalabi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phytochem. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0065","first-page":"1677","article-title":"Study on Caralluma tuberculata nutritional composition and its importance as medicinal plant","volume":"46","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pak. J. Bot."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-012-0761-5","article-title":"Antioxidant capacity and amino acid analysis of Caralluma adscendens (Roxb.) Haw var. fimbriata (Wall.) Grav. & Mayur. Aerial parts","volume":"51","author":"Maheshu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0410","first-page":"117","article-title":"Nutritive value and mineral composition of edible Caralluma and Boucerosia species from the arid areas of Karnataka","volume":"5","author":"Naik","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Agric. Environ. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2008.05.017","article-title":"Acylated pregnane glycosides from Caralluma tuberculata and their antiparasitic activity","volume":"69","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"6\u20137","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2009.02.009","article-title":"Antitrypanosomal activity of some pregnane glycosides isolated from Caralluma species","volume":"16","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0165","first-page":"204","article-title":"Cytotoxic effect of Caralluma fimbriata against human colon cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Ashwwini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.111527","article-title":"Exploring Caralluma europaea (Guss.) N.E.Br. as a potential source of bioactive molecules: in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, and phenolic profile of crude extracts and fractions","volume":"139","author":"Dra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.09.029","article-title":"Preventive effect of Caralluma fimbriata vs. metformin against high-fat diet-induced alterations in lipid metabolism in Wistar Rats","volume":"84","author":"Gujjala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6323","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27196323","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo anti-arthritic potential of Caralluma tuberculata N.E. Brown and its chemical characterization","volume":"27","author":"Iftikhar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0335","first-page":"1","article-title":"In silico pharmacokinetics properties and in vitro bioactivities of pregnane derivatives and other compounds from stems of Caralluma speciosa","volume":"18","author":"Kiros","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(98)00048-8","article-title":"Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of a flavonoid isolated from Caralluma attenuata","volume":"62","author":"Ramesh","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0530","first-page":"342e","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effect of Caralluma umbellata against acetaminophen induced oxidative stress and liver damage in rat","volume":"6","author":"Shanmugam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-013-0304-1","article-title":"Beneficial effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Caralluma fimbriata against high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance and oxidative stress in Wistar Male Rats","volume":"70","author":"Sudhakara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113897","article-title":"Effect of Caralluma tuberculata on regulation of carbohydrate metabolizing genes in Alloxan-Induced Rats","volume":"271","author":"Aslam","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/172080","article-title":"Delving the role of the ameliorative effects of Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br. (Apocynaceae) on diabetes and its effect on the organs weight of alloxan-induced adult male mice","volume":"33","author":"Batool","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pol. J. Environ. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6791","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86108-2","article-title":"The effect of an orally dosed Caralluma fimbriata extract on appetite control and body composition in overweight adults","volume":"11","author":"Rao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.06.016","article-title":"Modulatory effects of Caralluma fimbriata extract against high-fat diet-induced abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism in Wistar Rats","volume":"92","author":"Sudhakara","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/10520295.2017.1406615","article-title":"Caralluma fimbriata and metformin protection of rat pancreas from high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress","volume":"93","author":"Sudhakara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biotech. Histochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-024-04128-2","article-title":"Enhanced wound healing potential of Arabincoside B isolated from Caralluma arabica in Rat model; a possible dressing in veterinary practice","volume":"20","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Vet. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1007\/s10600-023-04064-x","article-title":"Chemical profiling and in vitro biological evaluation of the essential oil of Caralluma arabica from Ibri, Oman","volume":"59","author":"Farsi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Nat. Compd."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0605","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0367-326X(03)00021-2","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic activity of Caralluma attenuata","volume":"74","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2005.03.013","article-title":"New pregnane glycosides from Caralluma dalzielii","volume":"70","author":"Leo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.09.049","article-title":"Evaluation of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of Caralluma dalzielii","volume":"150","author":"Ugwah-Oguejiofor","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e01179","article-title":"Acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous extract of aerial parts of Caralluma dalzielii N. E. Brown in Mice and Rats","volume":"5","author":"Ugwah-Oguejiofor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05199","article-title":"Assessment of reproductive impact of the aerial parts of Caralluma dalzielii N. E. Br in Female Wistar Rats","volume":"6","author":"Ugwah-Oguejiofor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phyplu.2022.100401","article-title":"An experimental evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of aqueous extract of Caralluma dalzielii N.E. Brown","volume":"3","author":"Ugwah-Oguejiofor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine Plus."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117774","article-title":"Studies on neurobehavioural properties of Caralluma dalzielii N.E Br. Aqueous aerial parts extract in mice","volume":"324","author":"Ugwah-Oguejiofor","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0205","first-page":"188","article-title":"Total phenolic content, anti-radical property and HPLC profiles of Caralluma diffusa (Wight) N.E. Br","volume":"4","author":"Chandran","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Biol. Act. Prod. Nat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bib636","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/15593258231152112","article-title":"Evaluation of Caralluma edulis for its potential against obesity, atherosclerosis and hypertension","volume":"21","author":"Akram","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dose-Response"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5346","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27165346","article-title":"Phytochemical screening, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities of different extracts from Caralluma edulis plant","volume":"27","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8409718","article-title":"Phytochemical study on antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Moroccan Caralluma europaea extract and its bioactive compound classes","volume":"2020","author":"Amrati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26030636","article-title":"Caralluma europaea (Guss.) N.E.Br.: anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial activities against nosocomial antibiotic-resistant microbes of chemically characterized fractions","volume":"26","author":"Amrati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8517","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2022.2135595","article-title":"Evaluation of the toxicity of Caralluma europaea (C.E) extracts and their effects on apoptosis and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"41","author":"Amrati","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2018.05.028","article-title":"Antidiabetic potential of Caralluma europaea against alloxan-induced diabetes in mice","volume":"26","author":"Dra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0320","first-page":"390","article-title":"Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous extract of Caralluma europaea and its immunomodulatory and inflammatory activities","volume":"9","author":"Issiki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10111747","article-title":"In vitro antioxidant properties, glucose-diffusion effects, \u03b1-amylase inhibitory activity, and antidiabetogenic effects of C. europaea extracts in experimental animals","volume":"10","author":"Ouassou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0430","article-title":"Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Caralluma europaea stem extract against CCl\u2084-induced hepatic damage in Wistar Rats","volume":"2021","author":"Ouassou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2013.01.004","article-title":"A pilot study investigating the effect of Caralluma fimbriata extract on the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Astell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Complement. Ther. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2023.113903","article-title":"Hexagonosides A\u2013F: pregnane glycosides isolated from Caralluma hexagona","volume":"217","author":"Mohamed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/23312009.2017.1374821","article-title":"Evaluation of in vitro antibacterial activity of Caralluma lasiantha for scientific validation of Indian traditional medicine","volume":"3","author":"Malladi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cogent Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020.2022.2080671","article-title":"Isolation of a new steroid from phytochemical investigation on Caralluma lasiantha","volume":"25","author":"Sireesha","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2012.12.005","article-title":"Acylated pregnane glycosides from Caralluma quadrangula","volume":"88","author":"Abdallah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10070811","article-title":"Bioguided isolation of antibiofilm and antibacterial pregnane glycosides from Caralluma quadrangula: disarming multidrug-resistant pathogens","volume":"10","author":"El-Shiekh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.112954","article-title":"Comprehensive polyoxypregnane glycosides report in Caralluma quadrangula using UPLC\u2013ESI\u2013Q\u2013TOF and their antioxidant effects in human plasma","volume":"150","author":"Hamed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2021.1948847","article-title":"Fingerprinting of two acylated polyoxypregnane glycosides from Caralluma quadrangula (Forssk.) N.E.Br. using UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF and computational study","volume":"37","author":"Said","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(01)00163-7","article-title":"Penicillosides A\u2013C, C-15 oxypregnane glycosides from Caralluma penicillata","volume":"57","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0080","article-title":"Investigation of pharmacological activity of Caralluma penicillata: anti-inflammatory properties and gastritis protection against indomethacin in Adult Guinea Pigs","volume":"2014","author":"Albaser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Sch. Res. Not."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2018.02.017","article-title":"The binding proximity of Methyl \u03b2-Lilacinobioside isolated from Caralluma retrospiciens with Topoisomerase II attributes apoptosis in breast cancer cell line","volume":"25","author":"Alallah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2020.06.022","article-title":"Documentation of bioactive principles of the exudate gel (EG) from the stem of Caralluma retrospiciens (Ehrenb) and in vitro antibacterial activity\u2013Part A","volume":"13","author":"Makeen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2021.103579","article-title":"Formulation, characterization and biological evaluation of injectable nanocrystals from stem exudate gel of Caralluma retrospiciens (Ehrenb) \u2013 Part C","volume":"15","author":"Sultan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.200690022","article-title":"Novel steroidal glycosides from two Indian Caralluma species, C. stalagmifera and C. indica","volume":"89","author":"Kunert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Helv. Chim. Acta."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2010.490782","article-title":"Antihyperglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects of the methanolic extract of Caralluma tuberculata in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"25","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1021\/np50060a007","article-title":"New pregnane glycosides from Caralluma tuberculata","volume":"51","author":"Ahmad","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.4314\/tjpr.v14i3.14","article-title":"Evaluation of antihypertensive effect of aqueous methanol extract of Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br in Sprauge Dawley Rats","volume":"14","author":"Alamgeer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop. J. Pharm. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1173","article-title":"Evaluation of Caralluma tuberculata pretreatment for the protection of rat gastric mucosa against toxic damage","volume":"128","author":"Al-Harbi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-022-00949-5","article-title":"Caralluma tuberculata exhibits analgesic and anti-arthritic potential by downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuating oxidative stress","volume":"30","author":"Haider","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21239","article-title":"Antioxidant activities of Caralluma tuberculata on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"76","author":"Poodineh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4606","DOI":"10.1007\/s10904-020-01586-7","article-title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Caralluma tuberculata extract and its antibacterial activity","volume":"30","author":"Zarei","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(99)00122-1","article-title":"Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of Carumbelloside-I isolated from Caralluma umbellata","volume":"68","author":"Ramesh","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0365","first-page":"665","article-title":"Hepatoprotective and antidiabetic effect of methanol extract of Caralluma fimbriata in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats","volume":"6","author":"Lathas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11800","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RA01103H","article-title":"Quadrangulosides A\u2013F: new pregnane glycosides from Caralluma quadrangular","volume":"13","author":"Ismail","year":"2023","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.07.049","article-title":"Novel acylated steroidal glycosides from Caralluma tuberculata induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells","volume":"137","author":"Waheed","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2009.04.003","article-title":"Steroidal glycosides from Caralluma umbellata","volume":"2","author":"Kunert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phytochem. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.200890021","article-title":"Pregnane glycosides from Caralluma adscendens var. fimbriata","volume":"5","author":"Kunert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2011.06.011","article-title":"Minor pregnanes from Caralluma adscendens var. gracilis and Caralluma pauciflora","volume":"82","author":"Reddy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(96)00029-5","article-title":"Pregnane glycosides from Caralluma retrospiciens","volume":"42","author":"Halim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.767","article-title":"Polyoxypregnane glycosides from Caralluma retrospiciens","volume":"15","author":"Halaweish","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytochem. Anal."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2012.733390","article-title":"Two new pregnane glycoside diesters from Caralluma russeliana","volume":"27","author":"Mogib","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.200790022","article-title":"Five new steroidal glycosides from Caralluma dalzielii","volume":"90","author":"Oyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Helv. Chim. Acta."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0495","first-page":"1427","article-title":"Caratuberside A2: a new pregnane from Caralluma tuberculata","volume":"26","author":"Rizwani","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1080\/10575639308043792","article-title":"Pregnane glycosides from Caralluma tuberculata","volume":"2","author":"Rizwani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Lett."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bib637","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)86892-2","article-title":"Pregnane glycosides from Caralluma umbellata","volume":"35","author":"Lee-Juian","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(97)00237-9","article-title":"Acetylated C-21 steroidal bisdemosidic glycosides From Caraluma umbellata","volume":"46","author":"Qiu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020802277998","article-title":"A new pregnane steroid from the stems of Caralluma umbellate","volume":"10","author":"Babu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(98)00569-X","article-title":"Bisdesmosidic pregnane glycosides from Caralluma lasiantha","volume":"50","author":"Qiu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytol.2020.10.016","article-title":"Steroidal glycosides from Caralluma pauciflora","volume":"41","author":"Gummadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytochem. Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0015","first-page":"430","article-title":"New oxypregnane glycosides from Caralluma penicillata","volume":"68","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2014.1003186","article-title":"New pregnane glycoside derivative from Caralluma retrospiciens (Ehrenb)","volume":"29","author":"Elsebai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0050","first-page":"269","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic activity of Caralluma quadrangula in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"55","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bull. Fac. Pharm. Cairo Univ."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1021\/np990530c","article-title":"Pregnane glycosides from Caralluma russeliana","volume":"63","author":"Al-Yahya","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b22-00508","article-title":"Russelioside A, a pregnane glycoside from Caralluma tuberculata, inhibits cell-intrinsic NF-\u03baB activity and metastatic ability of breast cancer cells","volume":"45","author":"Sabra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2007.03.009","article-title":"Acylated pregnane glycosides from Caralluma russeliana","volume":"68","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-1978(98)00069-6","article-title":"Flavone glycoside from three Caralluma species","volume":"27","author":"Ramesh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem. Syst. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15020627","article-title":"Essential oil composition of stems and fruits of Caralluma europaea N.E.Br. (Apocynaceae)","volume":"15","author":"Zito","year":"2010","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4597","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules14114597","article-title":"Headspace volatile composition of the flowers of Caralluma europaea N.E.Br. (Apocynaceae)","volume":"14","author":"Formisano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bib638","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bse.2022.104518","article-title":"Effects of ecological factors on phytochemical and nutritional composition of Caralluma tuberculata NE Brown","volume":"105","author":"Ullah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem. Syste. Ecol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2023.2181898","article-title":"Antitumoral activity of Caralluma europaea on colorectal and prostate cancer cell lines","volume":"86","author":"Samiry","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Toxicol. Environ. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2024.2402430","article-title":"Unraveling the hepatoprotective and anti-pancreatic cancer potential of Caralluma europaea: a comprehensive in vivo, in vitro and in silico evidence","volume":"48","author":"Amrati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3390\/separations10030172","article-title":"Lipids fraction from Caralluma europaea (Guss.): MicroTOF and HPLC analyses and exploration of its antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing effects","volume":"10","author":"Amrati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Separations"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28041780","article-title":"Phenolic composition, wound healing, antinociceptive, and anticancer effects of Caralluma europaea extracts","volume":"28","author":"Amrati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2478\/s11756-013-0322-z","article-title":"In vitro propagation of Caralluma tuberculata and evaluation of antioxidant potential","volume":"69","author":"Rehman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.01.022","article-title":"In-vitro screening of selected traditional medicinal plants for their anti-obesity and anti-oxidant activities","volume":"123","author":"El-Shiekh","year":"2019","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.4236\/ajps.2014.511176","article-title":"Antioxidant activity and lipoxygenase inhibitory effect of Caralluma arabica and related polyphenolic constituents","volume":"5","author":"Khasawneh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Plant Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(01)00208-2","article-title":"Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of Caralluma arabica","volume":"76","author":"Zakaria","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.19026\/bjpt.4.5397","article-title":"Studies on the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of hydro-alcohol extract of Caralluma dalzielii N.E.Br (Asclepiadaceae) in Rats and Mice","volume":"4","author":"Umar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.113779","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of russelioside B as anti-arthritic agent in freund\u2019s adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats","volume":"270","author":"El-Shiekh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0480","article-title":"Antinociceptive, sedative and muscle relaxants activity of Caralluma tuberculata N. E. Brown","volume":"2","author":"Rauf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop. Muscular Syst."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0440","first-page":"65","article-title":"Screening of antibacterial and phytochemical analysis of Caralluma fimbriata","volume":"3","author":"Packialakshmi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharma Innov. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2020.07.023","article-title":"Documentation of bioactive principles of the flower from Caralluma retrospiciens (Ehrenb) and in vitro antibacterial activity\u2013Part B","volume":"13","author":"Alqahtani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11379","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules171011379","article-title":"Study of the in vitro antiplasmodial, antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities of medicinal plants from Saudi Arabia","volume":"17","author":"Al-Musayeib","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2016.03.033","article-title":"Russelioside B, a pregnane glycoside ameliorates hyperglycemia in diabetic streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by regulating key enzymes of glucose metabolism","volume":"252","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.15171\/bi.2014.003","article-title":"Anti-hyperglycemic activity of Caralluma umbellata Haw","volume":"4","author":"Bellamakondi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioImpacts"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0160","first-page":"499","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic activity of Caralluma fimbriata: an in vitro approach","volume":"13","author":"Ashwwini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Mag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/2156587214531019","article-title":"The effect of extract\/fractions of Caralluma tuberculata on blood glucose levels and body weight in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits","volume":"19","author":"Sultan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9589472","article-title":"Inhibition of \u03b1-glucosidase, intestinal glucose absorption, and antidiabetic properties by Caralluma europaea","volume":"2018","author":"Ouassou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S167293","article-title":"Effects of Caralluma russeliana stem extract on some physiological parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats","author":"Zari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes. Targets Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/J157v04n01_04","article-title":"Effect of Caralluma attenuata in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats","volume":"4","author":"Jayakar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Herb. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.01.021","article-title":"Antidiabetic effect of alcoholic extract of Caralluma sinaica L. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rabbits","volume":"117","author":"Habibuddin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0520","first-page":"871","article-title":"Hepatoprotective effects of Walnut Oil and Caralluma tuberculata against paracetamol in experimentally induced liver toxicity in mice","volume":"69","author":"Sana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1093\/jpp\/rgad074","article-title":"The genus Cratoxylum: traditional use, phytochemistry and pharmacology","volume":"75","author":"Huong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.05.060","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic activity of Caralluma tuberculata in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"59","author":"Abdel-Sattar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2024.106270","article-title":"The medicinal plant Peucedanum japonicum thunberg: a review of traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacology","volume":"179","author":"Hai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106461","article-title":"The genus Gnetum: traditional use, phytochemistry, nutritional value, biosynthesis, synthesis, pharmacology, toxicology, synthetic advance, and pharmacokinetics","volume":"182","author":"Huong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0570","article-title":"Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. (Chloranthaceae): a review of metabolite structural diversity and pharmacology","volume":"117","author":"Thoa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem. Syst. Ecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-3485.148812","article-title":"To evaluate efficacy and safety of Caralluma fimbriata in overweight and obese patients: a randomized, single blinded, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Arora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Perspect. Clin. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2023.06.020","article-title":"Pharmacological applications of metal nanoparticles derived from Caralluma sarkariae Species","volume":"132","author":"Murugapandi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Process Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bib639","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijleo.2019.164047","article-title":"Study on photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of phase pure Fe2O3 nanostructures synthesized using Caralluma Fimbriata and Achyranthes Aspera leaves","volume":"203","author":"Haseena","year":"2020","journal-title":"Optik"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s11627-020-10150-4","article-title":"Phytosynthesis of poly (Ethylene Glycol) methacrylate-hybridized gold nanoparticles from C. tuberculata: their structural characterization and potential for in vitro growth in Banana","volume":"57","author":"Anwar","year":"2021","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. - Plant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2024.107167","article-title":"Cricket protein-based film containing Caralluma fimbriata extract-based nanoparticles for preservation of cheddar cheese","volume":"112","author":"Lone","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(92)90169-L","article-title":"Effect of Caralluma tuberculata on the cytological and biochemical changes induced by cyclophosphamide in mice","volume":"30","author":"Al-Bekairi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/1091581813492827","article-title":"Safety assessment of a hydroethanolic extract of Caralluma fimbriata","volume":"32","author":"Odendaal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63e73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.07.027","article-title":"Phytochemical analysis and effects on ingestive behaviour of a Caralluma fimbriata extract","volume":"108","author":"Vitalone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961_bb0565","first-page":"9","article-title":"Toxicity studies on Caralluma penicillata \u2013 a poisonous plant from Saudi Arabia","volume":"21","author":"Tariq","year":"1983","journal-title":"Toxicon"}],"container-title":["Fitoterapia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0367326X25005878?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0367326X25005878?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:20:33Z","timestamp":1768479633000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0367326X25005878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":131,"alternative-id":["S0367326X25005878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961","relation":{},"ISSN":["0367-326X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0367-326X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The genus Caralluma: Traditional use, phytochemistry, nutritional value, pharmacology, nanoformulation, and toxicology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Fitoterapia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fitote.2025.106961","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106961"}}